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se gerere in aliquā re Q

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1 artificialiter

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искусно, умело ( se gerere in aliquā re Q)

Латинско-русский словарь > artificialiter
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in-artificiāliter

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Латинско-русский словарь > inartificialiter
3 gero

1.
gĕro, gessi, gestum ( Part. gen. plur. sync. gerentum, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 13; imper. ger, like dic, duc, fac, fer, Cat. 27, 2), 3, v. a. [root gas-, to come, go; Zend, jah, jahaiti, come; gero (for geso), in caus. sense, to cause to come; cf. Gr. bastazô, from bastos = gestus], to bear about with one, to bear, carry, to wear, have (in the lit. signif. mostly poet., not in Cic., Cæs., Sall., or Quint.; but instead of it ferre, portare, vehere, sustinere, etc.; but in the trop. signif. freq. and class.).
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen.:
(vestem ferinam) qui gessit primus,
Lucr. 5, 1420; so,
vestem,
Ov. M. 11, 276 (with induere vestes), Nep. Dat. 3; cf.:
coronam Olympiacam capite,
Suet. Ner. 25:
ornamenta,
id. Caes. 84:
angues immixtos crinibus,
Ov. M. 4, 792:
clipeum (laeva),
id. ib. 4, 782; cf.:
galeam venatoriam in capite, clavam dextra manu, copulam sinistra,
Nep. Dat. 3:
ramum, jaculum,
Ov. M. 12, 442:
spicea serta,
id. ib. 2, 28:
vincla,
id. ib. 4, 681:
venabula corpore fixa,
id. ib. 9, 206; cf.:
tela (in pectore fixus),
id. ib. 6, 228:
Vulcanum (i. e. ignem) in cornu conclusum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 185:
spolia ducis hostium caesi suspensa fabricato ad id apte ferculo gerens,
Liv. 1, 10, 5; cf.:
Horatius trigemina spolia prae se gerens,
id. 1, 26, 2:
onera,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 77 Müll.: uterum or partum gerere, to be pregnant, be with young; so, gerere partum, Plin. 8, 47, 72, § 187:
uterum,
id. 8, 40, 62, § 151:
centum fronte oculos centum cervice gerebat Argus,
Ov. Am. 3, 4, 19:
lumen unum media fronte,
id. M. 13, 773:
cornua fronte,
id. ib. 15, 596:
virginis os habitumque gerens et virginis arma,
Verg. A. 1, 315:
virginis ora,
Ov. M. 5, 553; cf.:
quae modo bracchia gessit, Crura gerit,
id. ib. 5, 455 sq.:
Coae cornua matres Gesserunt tum,
i. e. were turned into cows, id. ib. 7, 364:
principio (morbi) caput incensum fervore gerebant,
Lucr. 6, 1145:
qui umbrata gerunt civili tempora quercu,
Verg. A. 6, 772:
tempora tecta pelle lupi,
Ov. M. 12, 380:
(Hector) squalentem barbam et concretos sanguine crines Vulneraque illa gerens, quae, etc.,
Verg. A. 2, 278:
capella gerat distentius uber,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 110.—
b.
Of inanimate things:
semina rerum permixta gerit tellus discretaque tradit,
Lucr. 6, 790; cf.:
(terram) multosque lacus multasque lacunas In gremio gerere et rupes deruptaque saxa,
id. ib. 6, 539; Enn. ap. Non. 66, 26 (Sat. 23, p. 157 Vahl.); and:
quos Oceano propior gerit India lucos,
Verg. G. 2, 122:
speciem ac formam similem gerit ejus imago,
Lucr. 4, 52.—
B.
In partic. (very rare).
1.
With respect to the term. ad quem, to bear, carry, bring to a place:
(feminae puerique) saxa in muros munientibus gerunt,
Liv. 28, 19, 13:
neque eam voraginem conjectu terrae, cum pro se quisque gereret, expleri potuisse,
id. 7, 6, 2; cf. id. 37, 5, 1. — Absol.:
si non habebis unde irriges, gerito inditoque leniter,
Cato, R. R. 151, 4; Liv. 7, 6, 2 Drak.—Prov.:
non pluris refert, quam si imbrem in cribrum geras,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 100.—
2.
With the accessory idea of production, to bear, bring forth, produce:
quae (terra) quod gerit fruges, Ceres (appellata est),
Varr. L. L. 5, § 64 Müll.; cf. Tib. 2, 4, 56:
violam nullo terra serente gerit,
Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 6:
arbores (Oete),
id. M. 9, 230:
malos (platani),
Verg. G. 2, 70: frondes (silva), Ov. M. 11, 615:
terra viros urbesque gerit silvasque ferasque Fluminaque et Nymphas et cetera numina ruris,
Ov. M. 2, 16.
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen., to bear, have, entertain, cherish: vos etenim juvenes animum geritis muliebrem, illa virago viri, Poët. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf.:
fortem animum gerere,
Sall. J. 107, 1:
parem animum,
id. ib. 54, 1 Kritz.:
animum invictum advorsum divitias,
id. ib. 43, 5:
animum super fortunam,
id. ib. 64, 2:
mixtum gaudio ac metu animum,
Liv. 32, 11, 5; cf. also Verg. A. 9, 311; and v. infra B. 3.: aeque inimicitiam atque amicitiam in frontem promptam gero, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 8, 6 (Trag. v. 8 Vahl.):
personam,
to support a character, play a part, Cic. Off. 1, 32, 115; cf.:
est igitur proprium munus magistratus, intelligere, se gerere personam civitatis debereque ejus dignitatem et decus sustinere,
id. ib. 1, 34, 132; Aug. Doctr. Christ. 4, 29 init.;
id. Civ. Dei, 1, 21 al.: mores, quos ante gerebant, Nunc quoque habent,
Ov. M. 7, 655:
et nos aliquod nomenque decusque Gessimus,
Verg. A. 2, 89:
seu tu querelas sive geris jocos Seu rixam et insanos amores Seu facilem, pia testa (i. e. amphora), somnum,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 2:
in dextris vestris jam libertatem, opem... geritis,
Curt. 4, 14 fin.:
plumbeas iras,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 18:
iras,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 30: M. Catonem illum Sapientem cum multis graves inimicitias gessisse accepimus propter Hispanorum injurias, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66:
veteres inimicitias cum Caesare,
Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 4:
muliebres inimicitias cum aliqua,
Cic. Cael. 14, 32:
inimicitias hominum more,
id. Deiot. 11, 30: simultatem cum aliquo pro re publica, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 13, A, 3; cf. Suet. Vesp. 6; and Verg. A. 12, 48:
de amicitia gerenda praeclarissime scripti libri,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5:
amicitiam,
Nep. Dat. 10 fin.:
praecipuum in Romanos gerebant odium,
Liv. 28, 22, 2:
cum fortuna mutabilem gerentes fidem,
id. 8, 24, 6:
utrique imperii cupiditatem insatiabilem gerebant,
Just. 17, 1 fin. —Absol.:
ad ea rex, aliter atque animo gerebat, placide respondit,
Sall. J. 72, 1.—
B.
In partic.
1.
Gerere se aliquo modo, to bear, deport, behave, or conduct one's self, to act in any manner:
in maximis rebus quonam modo gererem me adversus Caesarem, usus tuo consilio sum,
Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 5; cf. id. Off. 1, 28, 98:
ut, quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. ib. 1, 26, 90; so,
se liberius (servi),
id. Rep. 1, 43:
se inconsultius,
Liv. 41, 10, 5:
se valde honeste,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 13:
se perdite,
id. ib. 9, 2, A, 2:
se turpissime (illa pars animi),
id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48:
se turpiter in legatione,
Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 4:
sic in provincia nos gerimus, quod ad abstinentiam attinet, ut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 5, 17, 2:
sic me in hoc magistratu geram, ut, etc.,
id. Agr. 1, 8, 26; cf.:
nunc ita nos gerimus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 22, 3:
uti sese victus gereret, exploratum misit,
Sall. J. 54, 2:
se medium gerere,
to remain neutral, Liv. 2, 27, 3.—
b.
In a like sense also post-class.: gerere aliquem, to behave or conduct one's self as any one (like agere aliquem):
nec heredem regni sed regem gerebat,
Just. 32, 3, 1; Plin. Pan. 44, 2:
tu civem patremque geras,
Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 293:
aedilem,
App. M. 1, p. 113:
captivum,
Sen. Troad. 714.—
c.
Gerere se et aliquem, to treat one's self and another in any manner:
interim Romae gaudium ingens ortum cognitis Metelli rebus, ut seque et exercitum more majorum gereret,
Sall. J. 55, 1:
meque vosque in omnibus rebus juxta geram,
id. ib. 85, 47.—
d.
Pro aliquo se gerere, to assume to be:
querentes, quosdam non sui generis pro colonis se gerere,
Liv. 32, 2, 6:
eum, qui sit census, ita se jam tum gessisse pro cive,
Cic. Arch. 5, 11 dub.—
2.
Gerere prae se aliquid (for the usual prae se ferre), to show, exhibit, manifest:
affectionis ratio perspicuam solet prae se gerere conjecturam, ut amor, iracundia, molestia, etc.,
Cic. Inv. 2, 9, 30; cf.:
prae se quandam gerere utilitatem,
id. ib. 2, 52, 157: animum altum et erectum prae se gerebat, Auct. B. Afr. 10 fin.; Aug. de Lib. Arbit. 3, 21, 61 al.;
so gerere alone: ita tum mos erat, in adversis voltum secundae fortunae gerere, moderari animo in secundis,
to assume, Liv. 42, 63, 11.—
3.
With the accessory idea of activity or exertion, to sustain the charge of any undertaking or business, to administer, manage, regulate, rule, govern, conduct, carry on, wage, transact, accomplish, perform (cf.: facio, ago).—In pass. also in gen., to happen, take place, be done (hence, res gesta, a deed, and res gestae, events, occurrences, acts, exploits; v. the foll.): tertium gradum agendi esse dicunt, ubi quid faciant;
in eo propter similitudinem agendi et faciundi et gerundi quidam error his, qui putant esse unum. Potest enim aliquid facere et non agere, ut poëta facit fabulam et non agit: contra actor agit et non facit.... Contra imperator quod dicitur res gerere, in eo neque facit neque agit, sed gerit, id est sustinet, translatum ab his qui onera gerunt, quod hi sustinent,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 77 Müll.:
omnia nostra, quoad eris Romae, ita gerito, regito, gubernato, ut nihil a me exspectes,
Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2:
gerere et administrare rem publicam,
id. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf. id. Rep. 2, 1 and 12:
rem publicam,
id. ib. 1, 7; 1, 8; id. Fam. 2, 7, 3 et saep.:
magistratum,
id. Sest. 37, 79; cf.
potestatem,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:
consulatum,
id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; id. Sest. 16, 37:
duumviratum,
id. ib. 8, 19:
tutelam alicujus,
Dig. 23, 2, 68; 27, 1, 22 al.: multi suam rem bene gessere et publicam patria procul, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 Vahl.); so,
rem, of private affairs,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 34; Cic. de Sen. 7, 22 al.:
aliquid per aes et libram gerere,
to transact by coin and balance, Gai. Inst. 3, 173; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 6, 14.—Of war: etsi res bene gesta est, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 168 (Ann. v. 512 Vahl.): vi geritur res, id. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 272 ib.); cf.:
gladiis geri res coepta est,
Liv. 28, 2, 6:
ubi res ferro geratur,
id. 10, 39, 12: qui rem cum Achivis gesserunt statim, Enn. ap. Non. 393, 14 (Trag. v. 39 Vahl.); cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84:
Alexander... passurus gestis aequanda pericula rebus,
exploits, Juv. 14, 314:
miranda quidem, sed nuper gesta referemus,
id. 15, 28.—Of public affairs, affairs of government:
magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris summo imperio praeditis, dictatoribus atque consulibus, belli domique gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32 fin.; 2, 24:
a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit,
id. de Sen. 6, 15; cf. § 17: quid quod homines infima fortuna, nulla spe rerum gerendarum ( public business), opifices denique, delectantur historia? maximeque eos videre possumus res gestas ( public events or occurrences) audire et legere velle, qui a spe gerendi absunt, confecti senectute, id. Fin. 5, 19, 52:
sin per se populus interfecit aut ejecit tyrannum, est moderatior, quoad sentit et sapit et sua re gesta laetatur,
their deed, id. Rep. 1, 42:
ut pleraque senatus auctoritate gererentur,
id. ib. 2, 32; cf. id. ib. 1, 27:
haec dum Romae geruntur,
id. Quint. 6, 28:
ut iis, qui audiunt, tum geri illa fierique videantur,
id. de Or. 2, 59, 241:
susceptum negotium,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 1; cf.:
si ipse negotium meum gererem, nihil gererem, nisi consilio tuo,
id. Att. 13, 3, 1:
negotium bene, male, etc.,
id. Rosc. Com. 11, 32; id. Cat. 2, 10, 21; Caes. B. G. 3, 18, 5 et saep.; cf.:
quid negotii geritur?
Cic. Quint. 13, 42: annos multos bellum gerentes summum summā industriā, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 Vahl.); cf.:
bello illo maximo, quod Athenienses et Lacedaemonii summa inter se contentione gesserunt,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16; so,
bella,
id. ib. 5, 2: pacem an bellum gerens, v. Andrews and Stoddard's Gram. § 323, 1 (2); Sall. J. 46 fin.:
bella multa felicissime,
Cic. Rep. 2, 9:
bellum cum aliquo,
id. Sest. 2, 4; id. Div. 1, 46, 103; Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 4 et saep.:
bello gesto,
Liv. 5, 43, 1: mea mater de ea re gessit morem morigerae mihi, performed my will, i. e. complied with my wishes, gratified, humored me, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 87; cf.:
geram tibi morem et ea quae vis, ut potero, explicabo,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 17: morem alicui (in aliqua re), Enn. ap. Non. 342, 24 (Trag. v. 241 Vahl.):
sine me in hac re gerere mihi morem,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 74; Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 44; id. Men. 5, 2, 37; id. Mil. 2, 1, 58; Cic. Rep. 3, 5; id. N. D. 2, 1, 3; Ov. Am. 2, 2, 13 et saep.; also without dat., Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 36; Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 77.— Pass.:
ut utrique a me mos gestus esse videatur,
Cic. Att. 2, 16, 3; Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 69; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 108; id. Ad. 2, 2, 6; Nep. Them. 7, 3 al.—With a play upon this meaning and that in II. A.: magna, inquit, [p. 813] bella gessi:
magnis imperiis et provinciis praefui. Gere igitur animum laude dignum,
Cic. Par. 5, 2, 37.— Absol.:
cum superiores alii fuissent in disputationibus perpoliti, quorum res gestae nullae invenirentur, alii in gerendo probabiles, in disserendo rudes,
Cic. Rep. 1, 8; cf.
the passage,
id. Fin. 5, 19, 52 supra:
Armeniam deinde ingressus prima parte introitus prospere gessit,
Vell. 2, 102, 2 (where others unnecessarily insert rem), Liv. 25, 22, 1; cf.
also: sive caesi ab Romanis forent Bastarnae... sive prospere gessissent,
id. 40, 58 fin.:
cum Persis et Philippus qui cogitavit, et Alexander, qui gessit, hanc bellandi causam inferebat, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 3, 9.—
4.
Of time, to pass, spend (mostly post-Aug.; not in Cic.): ut (Tullia) cum aliquo adolescente primario conjuncta aetatem gereret, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; cf.:
pubertatis ac primae adolescentiae tempus,
Suet. Dom. 1:
vitam,
Petr. 63; Val. Fl. 6, 695:
annum gerens aetatis sexagesimum et nonum,
Suet. Vesp. 24.—Hence, gĕrens, entis, P. a. (acc. to II. B. 3.), managing, conducting, etc.; with gen.:
rei male gerentes,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 43:
sui negotii bene gerens,
Cic. Quint. 19, 62.
2.
gĕro, ōnis, m. [1. gero], a carrier; connected per hyphen with foras:
ite, ite hac, simul eri damnigeruli, foras gerones, Bonorum hamaxagogae,
that carry off, ravishers, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gero
4 bellum

bellum (ante-class. and poet. duel-lum), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
I.
Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:
bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):
legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:
quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:
quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:
aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):
puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,
quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:
victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:
si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;
and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:
hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:
cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:
vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
II.
Form bellum.
A.
War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
1.
Specifying the enemy.
a.
By adjj. denoting the nation:
omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:
Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:
Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:
Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;
similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:
Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:
Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;
similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:
bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:
Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:
Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:
Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:
Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—
b.
With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:
Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;
1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:
Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:
Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
c.
With cum and abl. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:
belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:
hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:
novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
(β).
With cum dependent on the verb:
quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:
novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
d.
With adversus and acc. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—
(β).
With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:
ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:
bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
e.
With contra and acc.:
cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
f.
With in and acc. (very rare):
Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
g.
With inter and acc.:
hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,
Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
h.
With apud and acc.:
secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,
Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
k.
With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
2.
With verbs.
a.
Referring to the beginning of the war.
(α).
Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:
summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:
bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:
nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:
is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:
insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:
dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,
concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
(β).
Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:
cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:
bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,
parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:
bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:
tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:
bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:
numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
(γ).
Bellum differre, to postpone a war:
nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:
mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
(δ).
Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):
omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:
de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:
iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:
sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
(ε).
Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:
bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:
suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:
judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):
cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:
senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:
bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
(ζ).
Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):
consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:
bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—
(η).
Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:
sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:
cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:
Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:
Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:
Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:
quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:
cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:
hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:
alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:
bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—
(θ).
Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:
ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:
Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:
bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:
ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:
ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
(κ).
Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:
Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:
ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:
bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:
civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;
3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:
occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:
ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:
populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:
urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
(λ).
Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:
subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:
aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:
Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—

bellum
(ante-class. and poet.
duel-lum
), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
I.
Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:
bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):
legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:
quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:
quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:
aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):
puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,
quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:
victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:
si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;
and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:
hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:
cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:
vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
II.
Form bellum.
A.
War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
1.
Specifying the enemy.
a.
By adjj. denoting the nation:
omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:
Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:
Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:
Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;
similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:
Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:
Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;
similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:
bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:
Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:
Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:
Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:
Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—
b.
With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:
Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;
1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:
Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:
Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
c.
With cum and abl. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:
belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:
hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:
novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
(β).
With cum dependent on the verb:
quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:
novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
d.
With adversus and acc. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—
(β).
With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:
ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:
bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
e.
With contra and acc.:
cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
f.
With in and acc. (very rare):
Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
g.
With inter and acc.:
hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,
Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
h.
With apud and acc.:
secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,
Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
k.
With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
2.
With verbs.
a.
Referring to the beginning of the war.
(α).
Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:
summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:
bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:
nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:
is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:
insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:
dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,
concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
(β).
Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:
cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:
bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,
parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:
bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:
tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:
bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:
numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
(γ).
Bellum differre, to postpone a war:
nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:
mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
(δ).
Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):
omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:
de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:
iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:
sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
(ε).
Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:
bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:
suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:
judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):
cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:
senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:
bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
(ζ).
Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):
consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:
bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—
(η).
Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:
sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:
cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:
Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:
Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:
Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:
quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:
cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:
hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:
alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:
bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—
(θ).
Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:
ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:
Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:
bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:
ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:
ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
(κ).
Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:
Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:
ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:
bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:
civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;
3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:
occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:
ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:
populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:
urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
(λ).
Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:
subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:
aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:
Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—
b.
Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:
bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:
cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:
cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:
erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:
bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:
Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:
bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:
alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:
de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:
Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):
bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);
in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:
bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
(β).
Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:
necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:
bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:
morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:
suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:
bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;
similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
(γ).
Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:
bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:
quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:
Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
c.
Referring to the end of a war.
(α).
Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:
in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:
dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:
bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:
velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:
manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:
posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:
omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
(β).
Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:
timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:
si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:
belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;
similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
(γ).
Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:
is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:
bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:
confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:
quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;
4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:
neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;
36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:
se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:
neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
d.
Less usual connections:
bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:
alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:
bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:
spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:
serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:
circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:
quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:
bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:
bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:
bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:
canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:
bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
3.
As object denoting place or time.
a.
Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
(α).
Of the commander:
consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:
ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:
ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:
in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
(β).
Of persons partaking in a war:
si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
b.
Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
c.
In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:
in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—
d.
Of time.
(α).
In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):
valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,
domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):
quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:
paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:
animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:
bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:
domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:
neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:
simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.
Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
(β).
In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:
ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:
in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:
in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:
in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:
in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:
ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:
qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:
in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
(γ).
Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:
Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:
domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:
qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:
victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:
nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:
bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:
praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:
qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:
res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:
egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:
ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:
princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:
Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:
bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
(δ).
Inter bellum (rare):
cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:
inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—
4.
Bellum in attributive connection.
a.
Justum bellum.
(α).
A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):
justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:
non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
(β).
A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):
in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
b.
For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
c.
Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:
quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:
haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:
eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:
exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:
cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:
Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
d.
Fortuna belli, the chances of war:
adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
e.
Belli artes, military skill:
cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:
haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:
temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—
f.
Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:
in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:
sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:
jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
g.
Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:
trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:
victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —
h.
Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Of things concr. and abstr.:
qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:
bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:
ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
2.
Of animals:
milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:
hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—
3.
With individuals:
quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:
nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:
cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:
hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:
falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:
tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:
equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
4.
In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
5.
Personified as god of war ( = Janus):
tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:
sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:
mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—
6.
Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):
permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:
sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:
quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
7.
Battle, = proelium:
rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:
commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:
Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:
ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
8.
Bellum = liber de bello:
quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.
b.
Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:
bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:
cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:
cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:
erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:
bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:
Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:
bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:
alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:
de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:
Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):
bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);
in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:
bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
(β).
Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:
necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:
bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:
morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:
suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:
bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;
similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
(γ).
Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:
bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:
quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:
Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
c.
Referring to the end of a war.
(α).
Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:
in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:
dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:
bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:
velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:
manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:
posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:
omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
(β).
Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:
timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:
si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:
belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;
similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
(γ).
Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:
is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:
bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:
confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:
quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;
4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:
neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;
36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:
se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:
neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
d.
Less usual connections:
bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:
alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:
bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:
spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:
serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:
circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:
quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:
bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:
bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:
bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:
canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:
bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
3.
As object denoting place or time.
a.
Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
(α).
Of the commander:
consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:
ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:
ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:
in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
(β).
Of persons partaking in a war:
si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
b.
Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
c.
In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:
in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—
d.
Of time.
(α).
In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):
valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,
domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):
quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:
paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:
animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:
bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:
domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:
neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:
simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.
Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
(β).
In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:
ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:
in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:
in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:
in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:
in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:
ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:
qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:
in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
(γ).
Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:
Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:
domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:
qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:
victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:
nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:
bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:
praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:
qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:
res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:
egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:
ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:
princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:
Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:
bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
(δ).
Inter bellum (rare):
cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:
inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—
4.
Bellum in attributive connection.
a.
Justum bellum.
(α).
A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):
justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:
non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
(β).
A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):
in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
b.
For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
c.
Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:
quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:
haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:
eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:
exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:
cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:
Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
d.
Fortuna belli, the chances of war:
adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
e.
Belli artes, military skill:
cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:
haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:
temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—
f.
Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:
in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:
sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:
jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
g.
Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:
trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:
victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —
h.
Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Of things concr. and abstr.:
qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:
bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:
ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
2.
Of animals:
milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:
hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—
3.
With individuals:
quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:
nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:
cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:
hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:
falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:
tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:
equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
4.
In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
5.
Personified as god of war ( = Janus):
tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:
sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:
mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—
6.
Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):
permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:
sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:
quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
7.
Battle, = proelium:
rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:
commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:
Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:
ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
8.
Bellum = liber de bello:
quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > bellum
5 res

rēs, rĕi, f.    - gén. sing. rēi avec e long, Lucr. 2, 112; 548; 6, 918; dat., id. 1, 688; 2, 236 --- gén. sing. monosyl. à la fin du vers, Lucr. 3, 918; et au milieu du vers, Lucr. 4, 885, et Poët. ap. Lact. 6, 6.    - voir l'article res de Gaffiot. [st1]1 [-] chose, objet, affaire (sens vague précisé par un adjectif); chose matérielle, corps, créature, être; res explétif; cela (fonction de pron. de rappel).    - res futurae: l'avenir.    - in forum vocas, eo vocas unde etiam bonis meis rebus fugiebam, Cic. Att. 12, 21, 5: tu m'invites à fréquenter le forum, tu m'invites dans un lieu que je fuyais même à l'époque où ma maison connaissait le bonheur.    - res humanae: la condition humaine, la destinée humaine.    - res familiaris: patrimoine.    - res frumentaria: l'approvisionnement en blé, le ravitaillement en blé.    - res novae: la révolution politique.    - res divinae: le sacrifice; le culte des dieux.    - res uxoria: - [abcl]a - dot. - [abcl]b - Ter. mariage.    - abhorrens ab re uxoria, Ter. And. 5, 1, 10: réfractaire au mariage.    - in arbitrio rei uxoriae, Cic. Off. 3: lors d'un arbitrage concernant la dot.    - bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt, Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76: nos ancêtres ne voulurent pas qu'une action guerrière fût menée sans auspices.    - res solida, Lucr.: corps solide.    - causae rerum: les causes.    - rerum natura: la nature, le monde.    - quid agis, dulcissime rerum? Hor.: comment vas-tu, mon très cher?    - cujus rei ? = de quoi?    - nullius rei: de rien    - nulli rei nisi sacris operam dare: ne se consacrer qu'aux cérémonies religieuses.    - quid ad rem ? = qu'importe cela?    - quid hoc rei est ? = qu'est-ce que cela?    - se ad eam rem paratos esse arbitrati sunt: ils estimèrent qu'ils étaient préparés pour cela. [st1]2 [-] ce qui est fait: réalité, chose.    - re ipsā (re verā): en réalité.    - res… spes: le présent… l'avenir.    - qui hos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt, Cic. Nat. 3: ceux qui affirment que les dieux n’existent pas dans la réalité mais dans l’imagination.    - rem sectari, non verba, Cic.: s'attacher au fond, non aux mots. [st1]3 [-] ce qui concerne qqn ou qqch: art, profession, métier, carrière.    - res militaris: la guerre, l'art militaire.    - rei militaris laus: gloire militaire.    - res navalis: la marine.    - res pecuaria: l'élevage.    - erat ei pecuaria res ampla, et rustica sane bene culta et fructuosa, Cic.: il avait un immense troupeau et des terres bien cultivées et d'un bon rapport. [st1]4 [-] travail, soin, occupation, peine, difficulté.    - res multae operae: entreprise difficile.    - quibus rebus perfectis, Caes.: ces préparatifs terminés. [st1]5 [-] fait, événement, affaire, action, entreprise; exécution; combat, opération (militaire); hauts faits, exploits.    - ut ipsa res declaravit, Cic.: comme l'événement le prouva.    - omina re careant! Ov.: puissent ces présages ne pas s'accomplir!    - his rebus gestis, Caes. B. G. 5, 8: après cette affaire.    - rem gerere, Ov.: combattre, engager l'action.    - gladio comminus rem gerit Vorenus, Caes. B. G. 5: l'épée à la main, Vorénus combat corps à corps.    - rem bene gerere, Liv.: avoir du succès, l'emporter, être vainqueur.    - ante rem, Liv. 4, 40: avant la bataille.    - res gestae: exploits, hauts faits. [st1]6 [-] faits (historiques), histoire; état, puissance, pouvoir.    - res populi Romani perscribere, Liv.: écrire l'histoire du peuple romain.    - rerum scriptor: l'historien.    - Persicae res, Nep.: l'histoire de la Perse.    - res publica → respublica.    - rerum potiri: s'emparer du pouvoir, être maître du pouvoir.    - summa rerum: le commandement suprême, le pouvoir.    - res Romana: la puissance romaine, l'empire romain.    - res mihi Romanas dederas, Fortuna, regendas, Luc. 7, 108: tu m'avais donné, Fortune, l'empire romain à diriger. [st1]7 [-] circonstance, occasion; situation, cas, condition, position, état des choses, conjoncture, circonstances, affaires.    - pro (ex) tempore et pro (ex) re: selon le temps et les circonstances.    - in tali re, Sall.: en pareil cas.    - res adversae: le malheur, l'adversité; échec(s).    - res secundae (prosperae): le bonheur, la prospérité; succès.    - res bonae: situation favorable.    - si res postulabit: si la situation le réclame.    - bene (male) se res habet: la situation se présente bien (mal).    - res ita se habet: il en est ainsi. [st1]8 [-] avoir, biens, propriété, fortune, richesses.    - rem augere: augmenter sa fortune, faire fortune.    - res familiaris: le patrimoine.    - publicae res: les domaines de l'Etat.    - res tuas tibi habe, Plaut.: reprends ce qui t'appartient (formule de divorce).    - res nummaria tenet eum, Cic.: il éprouve un besoin d'argent.    - rem male gerere, Hor.: se ruiner. [st1]9 [-] utilité, intérêt, avantage, profit.    - in rem (ex re) esse alicui: être utile à qqn, être conforme à son intérêt.    - quid (mihi) magis in rem est quam...? Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 1: qu'est-ce qui est plus conforme à mes intérêts que de...?    - ad rem avidus, Ter.: âpre au gain.    - ab re: contrairement à l'intérêt.    - ob rem, Cic.: inutilement.    - quoi (cui) rei? Plaut.: à quoi bon?    - de communi re dicere: parler de l'intérêt général.    - in rem suam convertere: tourner à son avantage. [st1]10 [-] affaire (d'intérêt), rapport, relation, commerce.    - res est mihi cum aliquo: j'ai affaire à qqn (avec qqn).    - mihi tecum nihil rei est: je n'ai nullement affaire avec toi.    - mihi res est cum aliquo: j'ai affaire à qqn.    - rem habeo cum aliquo: j'ai affaire à qqn.    - cum Thebanis sibi rem esse existimant, Nep. Pel. 1, 3: c'était aux Thébains qu'ils comptaient avoir affaire. [st1]11 [-] ce dont on parle: sujet, débat, point de discussion, question, litige, contestation, procès.    - rem agitare: traiter une question.    - ad rem redeo: je reviens à mon sujet.    - rem dicere: plaider une cause.    - rem integram ad senatum referre: porter l'ensemble de l'affaire à l'ordre du jour du sénat.    - res capitalis: procès capital.    - de re aliqua sententiam dicere in senatu: donner son avis sur quelque sujet au sénat. [st1]12 [-] motif, raison, cause; but, fin.    - eā (hāc) re: pour cette raison.    - ob eam rem, Plaut.: pour cette raison.    - eā re (ob eam rem) quod: pour cette raison que.    - his rebus adducti, Caes. BG. 1: poussés par ces motifs.    - legatus qui ea de re mittitur: le légat qui est envoyé à cette fin. [st1]13 [-] moyen, manière.    - quibuscumque rebus possim (defendere), Cic.: (défendre) par tous les moyens qui sont en mon pouvoir.    - rem reperire quo pacto, Plaut.: trouver moyen de.
* * *
rēs, rĕi, f.    - gén. sing. rēi avec e long, Lucr. 2, 112; 548; 6, 918; dat., id. 1, 688; 2, 236 --- gén. sing. monosyl. à la fin du vers, Lucr. 3, 918; et au milieu du vers, Lucr. 4, 885, et Poët. ap. Lact. 6, 6.    - voir l'article res de Gaffiot. [st1]1 [-] chose, objet, affaire (sens vague précisé par un adjectif); chose matérielle, corps, créature, être; res explétif; cela (fonction de pron. de rappel).    - res futurae: l'avenir.    - in forum vocas, eo vocas unde etiam bonis meis rebus fugiebam, Cic. Att. 12, 21, 5: tu m'invites à fréquenter le forum, tu m'invites dans un lieu que je fuyais même à l'époque où ma maison connaissait le bonheur.    - res humanae: la condition humaine, la destinée humaine.    - res familiaris: patrimoine.    - res frumentaria: l'approvisionnement en blé, le ravitaillement en blé.    - res novae: la révolution politique.    - res divinae: le sacrifice; le culte des dieux.    - res uxoria: - [abcl]a - dot. - [abcl]b - Ter. mariage.    - abhorrens ab re uxoria, Ter. And. 5, 1, 10: réfractaire au mariage.    - in arbitrio rei uxoriae, Cic. Off. 3: lors d'un arbitrage concernant la dot.    - bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt, Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76: nos ancêtres ne voulurent pas qu'une action guerrière fût menée sans auspices.    - res solida, Lucr.: corps solide.    - causae rerum: les causes.    - rerum natura: la nature, le monde.    - quid agis, dulcissime rerum? Hor.: comment vas-tu, mon très cher?    - cujus rei ? = de quoi?    - nullius rei: de rien    - nulli rei nisi sacris operam dare: ne se consacrer qu'aux cérémonies religieuses.    - quid ad rem ? = qu'importe cela?    - quid hoc rei est ? = qu'est-ce que cela?    - se ad eam rem paratos esse arbitrati sunt: ils estimèrent qu'ils étaient préparés pour cela. [st1]2 [-] ce qui est fait: réalité, chose.    - re ipsā (re verā): en réalité.    - res… spes: le présent… l'avenir.    - qui hos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt, Cic. Nat. 3: ceux qui affirment que les dieux n’existent pas dans la réalité mais dans l’imagination.    - rem sectari, non verba, Cic.: s'attacher au fond, non aux mots. [st1]3 [-] ce qui concerne qqn ou qqch: art, profession, métier, carrière.    - res militaris: la guerre, l'art militaire.    - rei militaris laus: gloire militaire.    - res navalis: la marine.    - res pecuaria: l'élevage.    - erat ei pecuaria res ampla, et rustica sane bene culta et fructuosa, Cic.: il avait un immense troupeau et des terres bien cultivées et d'un bon rapport. [st1]4 [-] travail, soin, occupation, peine, difficulté.    - res multae operae: entreprise difficile.    - quibus rebus perfectis, Caes.: ces préparatifs terminés. [st1]5 [-] fait, événement, affaire, action, entreprise; exécution; combat, opération (militaire); hauts faits, exploits.    - ut ipsa res declaravit, Cic.: comme l'événement le prouva.    - omina re careant! Ov.: puissent ces présages ne pas s'accomplir!    - his rebus gestis, Caes. B. G. 5, 8: après cette affaire.    - rem gerere, Ov.: combattre, engager l'action.    - gladio comminus rem gerit Vorenus, Caes. B. G. 5: l'épée à la main, Vorénus combat corps à corps.    - rem bene gerere, Liv.: avoir du succès, l'emporter, être vainqueur.    - ante rem, Liv. 4, 40: avant la bataille.    - res gestae: exploits, hauts faits. [st1]6 [-] faits (historiques), histoire; état, puissance, pouvoir.    - res populi Romani perscribere, Liv.: écrire l'histoire du peuple romain.    - rerum scriptor: l'historien.    - Persicae res, Nep.: l'histoire de la Perse.    - res publica → respublica.    - rerum potiri: s'emparer du pouvoir, être maître du pouvoir.    - summa rerum: le commandement suprême, le pouvoir.    - res Romana: la puissance romaine, l'empire romain.    - res mihi Romanas dederas, Fortuna, regendas, Luc. 7, 108: tu m'avais donné, Fortune, l'empire romain à diriger. [st1]7 [-] circonstance, occasion; situation, cas, condition, position, état des choses, conjoncture, circonstances, affaires.    - pro (ex) tempore et pro (ex) re: selon le temps et les circonstances.    - in tali re, Sall.: en pareil cas.    - res adversae: le malheur, l'adversité; échec(s).    - res secundae (prosperae): le bonheur, la prospérité; succès.    - res bonae: situation favorable.    - si res postulabit: si la situation le réclame.    - bene (male) se res habet: la situation se présente bien (mal).    - res ita se habet: il en est ainsi. [st1]8 [-] avoir, biens, propriété, fortune, richesses.    - rem augere: augmenter sa fortune, faire fortune.    - res familiaris: le patrimoine.    - publicae res: les domaines de l'Etat.    - res tuas tibi habe, Plaut.: reprends ce qui t'appartient (formule de divorce).    - res nummaria tenet eum, Cic.: il éprouve un besoin d'argent.    - rem male gerere, Hor.: se ruiner. [st1]9 [-] utilité, intérêt, avantage, profit.    - in rem (ex re) esse alicui: être utile à qqn, être conforme à son intérêt.    - quid (mihi) magis in rem est quam...? Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 1: qu'est-ce qui est plus conforme à mes intérêts que de...?    - ad rem avidus, Ter.: âpre au gain.    - ab re: contrairement à l'intérêt.    - ob rem, Cic.: inutilement.    - quoi (cui) rei? Plaut.: à quoi bon?    - de communi re dicere: parler de l'intérêt général.    - in rem suam convertere: tourner à son avantage. [st1]10 [-] affaire (d'intérêt), rapport, relation, commerce.    - res est mihi cum aliquo: j'ai affaire à qqn (avec qqn).    - mihi tecum nihil rei est: je n'ai nullement affaire avec toi.    - mihi res est cum aliquo: j'ai affaire à qqn.    - rem habeo cum aliquo: j'ai affaire à qqn.    - cum Thebanis sibi rem esse existimant, Nep. Pel. 1, 3: c'était aux Thébains qu'ils comptaient avoir affaire. [st1]11 [-] ce dont on parle: sujet, débat, point de discussion, question, litige, contestation, procès.    - rem agitare: traiter une question.    - ad rem redeo: je reviens à mon sujet.    - rem dicere: plaider une cause.    - rem integram ad senatum referre: porter l'ensemble de l'affaire à l'ordre du jour du sénat.    - res capitalis: procès capital.    - de re aliqua sententiam dicere in senatu: donner son avis sur quelque sujet au sénat. [st1]12 [-] motif, raison, cause; but, fin.    - eā (hāc) re: pour cette raison.    - ob eam rem, Plaut.: pour cette raison.    - eā re (ob eam rem) quod: pour cette raison que.    - his rebus adducti, Caes. BG. 1: poussés par ces motifs.    - legatus qui ea de re mittitur: le légat qui est envoyé à cette fin. [st1]13 [-] moyen, manière.    - quibuscumque rebus possim (defendere), Cic.: (défendre) par tous les moyens qui sont en mon pouvoir.    - rem reperire quo pacto, Plaut.: trouver moyen de.
* * *

    Res, rei, foem. gen. Chose, Rien.

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    Abdita rerum. Horat. Choses cachees ou secrettes et incongneues.

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    Caput et frons rerum. Horat. Le principal poinct de tout l'affaire.

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    Concordia rerum discors. Horat. L'accord des quatre elements qui sont de natures discordantes.

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    Versus inopes rerum. Horat. Qui n'ont point de bonnes et graves sentences.

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    Negas tantam similitudinem in rerum natura esse. Cicero. En tout le monde.

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    Opifex rerum. Ouid. Le createur de toutes choses.

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    Angustae res. Virgil. Qui sont de petite importance.

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    Res animales. Vlpianus. Qui ont ame et vie.

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    Diuina. Cic. Sacrifice.

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    Insolitam rem apportare auribus. Lucret. Raconter une chose dont jamais on n'avoit ouy parler.

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    Facere rem diuinam alicui deo. Cic. Sacrifier.

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    Ad rem redi. Terent. Retourne au propos.

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    Omnem rem scio, vt sit gesta. Plaut. Je scay comment tout l'affaire a esté mené.

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    Salua res est. Terent. L'affaire va bien.

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    Res tua agitur. Cic. C'est à toy à faire, L'affaire te touche.

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    Attinet ad rem. Horat. Cela sert à l'affaire.

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    Male rem gerere. Horat. Estre mauvais mesnager, Mal gouverner ses biens et ses affaires.

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    Incipit res melius ire quam putaram. Cic. L'affaire commence à mieulx aller que je ne pensoye, à mieulx se porter.

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    Bellica res. Horat. Le faict et l'estat de la guerre.

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    Si inuenta subito, nec domo allata, sed inter dicendum e re ipsa nata videantur. Quintil. Sur le champ, Tout à l'heure.

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    E re nata melius fieri haud potuit, quam factum est. Terent. Veu ce qui est survenu, Selon la fortune, Veu l'occasion.

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    Consulere ex re. Tacit. Prendre advis selon les occasions qui se presenteront.

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    Antonii colloquium cum heroibus nostris pro re nata non incommodum. Cic. Selon la matiere subjecte.

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    Ab re interregnum appellatum. Liu. Pour raison.

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    Si non re ipsa tibi istuc dolet. Terent. A la verité, Si tu fains d'en estre marri.

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    Res ipsa indicat, Vide INDICO, indicas. Le faict le monstre.

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    Verba ad rem conferre. Terent. Faire ce qu'on dit.

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    Simulare mortem verbis, re ipsa spem vitae dare. Terent. De faict. \ Re iuuare. Terent. De faict.

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    Dictu quam re facilius. Liu. Il est plus aisé à dire qu'à faire.

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    Si in rem est vtrique vt fiant, accersi iube. Terentius. Si c'est le prouffit des deux.

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    Ita rem illi esse dicito. Plaut. Di que c'est pour son prouffit.

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    Qui alicui rei est. Terent. Qui fait son prouffit, Qui gaigne aucunement.

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    Res est mihi cum illo. Terent. J'ay quelque affaire avec luy.

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    Habere rem cum aliquo. Terentius. Le hanter, Avoir habitude avec luy.

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    Si talentum rem reliquisset decem. Terent. Heritage.

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    Illos duos pro re tollebas tua. Terentius, Selon les biens que tu avois.

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    Aliquantum ad rem est auidior. Terent. Il est un peu trop aspre à l'argent.

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    Amicos res inuenit. Plaut. Les richesses font les amis.

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    Res eos iampridem deficere coepit. Cic. Il y a ja long temps qu'ils ont tout despendu leurs biens.

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    Arctis in rebus absit pudor. Valer. Flac. Quand on est en necessité, il ne fault point estre honteux.

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    Curtae nescio quid semper abest rei. Horat. Il y a tousjours faulte de je ne scay quoy, L'avaritieux n'ha jamais assez.

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    Familiaris res. Sallust. Les biens qu'un chascun ha à soy.

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    Praeclara filius in re sublatus male alitur. Horat. Né parmi grandes richesses.

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    Quibus re salua profueram. Terent. Ce pendant qu'ils avoyent de quoy.

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    Augere rem. Cic. S'enrichir.

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    Nunquam rem facies. Terent. Tu ne gaigneras jamais rien, Jamais tu ne seras riche, Jamais tu ne cueilleras mousse, Jamais tu ne amasseras rien. \ Habere rem. Cic. Avoir bien dequoy.

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    Patriam rem perdere. Horat. Despendre folement les biens de son pere.

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    Praeclaram ingrata stringat malus ingluuie rem. Horat. Qu'il mange et despende en gourmandise, etc.

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    Vir haud magna cum re. Cic. Qui n'ha pas grands biens.

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    Res, L'estat et condition d'un chascun: vt Res publica. Cice. L'estat commun.

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    Inuisere res rusticas vel fructus causa, vel delectationis. Cic. Aller veoir les biens et terres qu'on ha aux champs.

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    Res. Virgil. Empire, Seigneurie, Domination.

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    Rem, vel res gerere. Liu. Mener la guerre.

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    Res Romana erat superior. Liu. L'armee des Romains.

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    Clades rei naualis. Tacit. La deffaicte de l'armee de mer.

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    Dare rem in casum. Tacit. Mettre à l'adventure.

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    Rebus suis diffidere. Liu. Se deffier de ses gents de guerre.

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    Aduersae res, Vide ADVERTO. Adversité, Tribulation.

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    Angustae res. Horat. Povreté, Necessité, Disette.

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    Dura res. Virgil. Adversité, Povreté.

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    Secundae res. Virgil. Prosperité.

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    Rem miseram, Aduerbium dolentis. Cic. Chose miserable.

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    Parumne est malae rei? Plaut. N'ont ils pas assez de mal? B.

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    Iam repperi rem, quo pacto nec fur, nec socius sies. Plaut. J'ay trouvé le moyen.

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    Res semper aliquid apportat noui. Terent. Experience.

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    Re vera, Duae dictiones sunt, aut vnica Reuera, vice aduerbii. Plin. iunior. A la verité.

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    Velut si reuera pugnent. Horat. Reaulment, ou Realement et de faict.

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    Respublica, reipublicae, penul. corr. ex duobus integris composita dictio, quam nonnulli disiungunt. L'estat commun, La republique, La chose publique.

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    Conuersiones Rerumpublicarum. Cic. Mutations.

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    Censere e Repub. Tacit. Au prouffit de la Repub.

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    Meo vnius funere elata Respublica esset? Liuius. Si j'estoye mort, la chose publique seroit elle perdue pourtant? B.

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    Trahere Rempublicam funditus. Tacit. Destruire, Ruiner.

Dictionarium latinogallicum > res
6 ago

ăgo, ĕre, ēgi, actum, tr.    - voir l'article ago de Gaffiot.    - axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; axit = egerit, Paul. Diac. 3, 3; agier = agi,” Cic. Off. 3, 15; agentūm = agentium, Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6).    - cf. gr. ἄγω. [st1]1 [-] chasser devant soi, faire marcher, conduire, pousser, amener (en parlant des êtres animés ou personnifiés).    - jus agendi, Caj.: le droit de passage (avec un troupeau).    - agere captivum prae se, Curt. 7, 6: faire marcher un captif devant soi.    - agere agmen, Virg.: conduire une troupe.    - agere currum: conduire un char.    - agere capellas, Virg.: mener les chèvres au pâturage.    - se agere, Virg. (agi, Liv.): se transporter, aller.    - unde agis (s.-ent. te)? Plaut.: d'où viens-tu?    - quo agis te? Plaut. Am.: où vas-tu?    - ad castra Samnitium perrexit, quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur, Liv. 10, 29: il marcha vers le camp des Samnites où se dirigeait, épouvantée, toute la foule des soldats.    - agere carmine quercus, Virg.: entraîner les chênes par ses chants.    - fluvius vi agens undas, Curt.: fleuve qui roule ses eaux avec impétuosité.    - praecipites Germani in amnem aguntur, Tac. H. 5: les Germains sont poussés et précipités dans le fleuve. [st1]2 [-] emmener comme capture.    - praedam (praedas) agere, Sall.: se retirer avec du butin (hommes et bétail).    - agere et ferre: emmener et emporter = piller.    - res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv.: il vit livrer au pillage les biens des alliés.    - agunt feruntque cuncta, Tac. (fig.): ils mènent tout à leur gré. [st1]3 [-] poursuivre, chasser, mettre en fuite.    - apros agere, Virg. G. 3, 412: poursuivre des sangliers [à la chasse].    - acerba fata Romanos agunt, Hor. Epo. 7,17: des destins cruels poursuivent les Romains.    - agentia verba Lycamben, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25: les mots qui harcèlent Lycambe.    - agere hostem ad naves, Just.: poursuivre l'ennemi jusqu'aux vaisseaux.    - agere aliquem de fundo, Cic.: chasser qqn de sa propriété.    - agere in fugam: mettre en fuite.    - lapidibus aliquem agere: chasser qqn à coups de pierres. [st1]4 [-] conduire, gouverner, entraîner, pousser à, contraindre; émouvoir, agiter, inquiéter, solliciter, attirer.    - Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur, Virg. En. 1: Troyens ou Tyriens, ils seront traités par moi sans distinction.    - se agere = se gerere: se comporter, se conduire.    - tantā mobilitate sese Numidae agunt, Sall. J. 56: tant la conduite des Numides est mobile.    - aliquem transvorsum agere, Sall. J. 6, 3: pousser qqn hors du droit chemin.    - aliquem praecipitem agere, Cic.: entraîner qqn à sa perte.    - agere in furorem, Quint.: rendre furieux.    - agere in bellum, Tac.: pousser à la guerre.    - agere ad omne scelus, Tac.: pousser à tous les crimes.    - me profari agit, Sil.: il me pousse à parler.    - agere in mortem: pousser à se donner la mort.    - deus ultor agebat, Ov. M. 14: un dieu vengeur l'agitait.    - diris agam vos, Hor. Epod. 5: je vous poursuivrai de mes imprécations.    - ubi studio agitur aut irā, Curt.: dès que (la foule) est emportée par l'enthousiasme ou la colère.    - seu te discus agit, Hor.: ou si le disque t'attire. [st1]5 [-] mouvoir (une chose), donner une impulsion, donner une direction, faire avancer, pousser.    - fracturae centum libras agentes, Plin.: des fragments de roche [remuant la balance] = pesant cent livres.    - agere navem, Hor.: diriger un vaisseau.    - in litus naves agere, Liv. 22, 19: tirer les bateaux sur le rivage.    - agere vineas, Caes.: faire avancer les mantelets.    - cuniculum agere ad aerarium? Cic. Off. 3: conduire (faire) une galerie jusqu'au Trésor public.    - agere limitem (au fig.): reculer les limites, gagner du terrain. [st1]6 [-] pousser au-dedans, faire pénétrer, enfoncer.    - agere telum costis, Sil.: enfoncer un trait dans la poitrine.    - agere fulmen, V.-Fl.: lancer la foudre.    - pluma in cutem radices egerat imas, Ov. M. 2: le plumage avait enfoncé dans la peau de profondes racines.    - agere rimas: se fendre, se lézarder, se gercer. [st1]7 [-] pousser au-dehors, faire sortir de soi.    - agere frondem, Plin.: pousser des feuilles.    - scintillas agere, Lucr. 2, 675: lancer des étincelles.    - agere spumas, Cic.: écumer.    - agere contagia, Virg.: répandre la contagion.    - animam agere, Cic.: rendre l’âme, expirer.    - sudor agitur, Sil.: la sueur s'échappe des pores. [st1]8 [-] passer le temps, être, vivre, séjourner, habiter.    - agere (vitam): passer sa vie, vivre.    - decimum annum agere: être dans sa dixième année, être âgé de neuf ans.    - agere pacem: vivre en paix, être en paix.    - alter agebatur mensis, Ov.: le second mois s'écoulait.    - securum agere aevum, Hor.: mener une vie tranquille.    - agere hiberna, Liv.: être en quartier d'hiver.    - annum ago octogesimum, Cic.: je suis dans ma quatre-vingtième année.    - Marius apud primos agebat, Sall.: Marius était à l'avant-garde.    - in spe agere, Tac.: espérer.    - in omni Africa, quae procul a mari agebat, Sall. J. 89: dans toute l'Afrique, qui était éloignée de la mer.    - agere dies festos, Cic. Verr. 2.4.48: célébrer des jours de fête. [st1]9 [-] faire, agir, être actif, travailler, être efficace.    - agere rem negligenter, Ter.: mener une affaire avec négligence.    - quid agis? = que fais-tu? ou comment vas-tu?    - hoc age, Plaut.: fais attention.    - quid agam? = que dois-je faire? que faire?    - aliud agere: penser à autre chose, être indifférent, être distrait.    - nihil agere: ne rien faire, n’aboutir à rien.    - nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum, Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61: tu perds ton temps, ô douleur! Si importune que tu sois, jamais je ne reconnaîtrai que tu es un mal.    - electum agere: faire son choix, choisir.    - virtus aliquid agit, Sen.: la vertu est active.    - id agimus ut + subj.: nous travaillons à ceci que, notre but (notre objectif) est de.    - nihil agetur, Dig.: il n'y aura rien de fait, l'acte sera nul.    - gratias agere: remercier.    - laudes agere: glorifier.    - forum agere: rendre la justice.    - e re sua agere: agir selon son propre intérêt.    - rem agere cum aliquo: régler une affaire avec qqn. [st1]10 [-] agir de telle ou telle façon, traiter qqn bien ou mal.    - agere bene aliquo: se comporter bien à l’égard de qqn.    - male agere, Cic.: se conduire mal.    - praeclare agere cum aliquo: bien agir à l'égard de qqn.    - non pessime cum iis agitur, Cic. (impers.): ils ne sont pas à plaindre.    - bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si... Suet.:... que le monde aurait pu être heureux si...    - agere pro victoribus: se comporter en vainqueurs.    - sic par est agere cum civibus, Cic. Off. 2, 83: voilà comment il convient d’agir à l’égard de ses concitoyens.    - au pass. impers. secum male actum putat, Cic. Verr. 3, 119: il pense qu’on s’est mal comporté à son égard.    - cum illo quis neget actum esse praeclare? Cic. Lael. 11: qui pourrait dire que la destinée n’a pas été belle pour lui?    - optime actum cum eo videlur esse, qui... Cic. Fam. 5, 18, 1: il semble avoir un sort heureux celui qui...    - agite ut voltis, Cic. de Or. 2,367: agissez à votre guise.    - perge ut agis, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, 5: continue d’agir comme tu fais.    - bene agis, cum... jussisti, Liv. 8, 33, 10: tu as raison d’avoir ordonné.    - agere lege: agir conformément à la loi (c.-à-d. frapper de la hache).    - lictor, in eum primum lege age, Liv. 26, 6, 3: licteur, commence par lui l’application de la loi.    - cf. Liv. 26, 15, 9 ; Sen. Contr. 10, 3, 6. [st1]11 [-] administrer, gouverner, gérer, remplir une charge, s'occuper de, procéder à.    - agere bellum, Caes.: conduire la guerre, avoir la conduite de la guerre.    - agere regnum: régner.    - agere triumphum, Cic. Fam. 3, 10: triompher.    - agere mensuram, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 14: mesurer.    - agere stationem, Liv. 35, 29: monter la garde.    - libera arbitria agere, Liv. 24, 45: [faire des décisions libres] = décider arbitrairement.    - agere consulatum, Quint. 12, 1, 16: être consul, exercer la fonction de consul, exercer le consulat.    - vigilias agere, Cic. Verr. 4.43.93: faire sentinelle.    - censum agere, Liv. 3.22: faire le recensement.    - agere senatum, Suet. Caes. 88: assembler le sénat.    - fiscum agere, Suet.: lever l'impôt. [st1]12 [-] rouler dans son esprit, songer à.    - nescio quid mens mea agat, Ov. H. 12, 212: je ne sais ce qui se passe dans mon esprit.    - agere cogitationem parricidalem, Quint.: nourrir la pensée d'un parricide.    - agere de intranda Britannia, Tac. Agr. 13: méditer une descente en Bretagne. [st1]13 [-] parler en public, prononcer un discours, haranguer, plaider; discuter, conférer, traiter; qqf. rendre un arrêt.    - in agendo plus quam in scribendo operam ponere, Cic.: s'occuper plus de parler que d'écrire.    - quum proxime res agentur, Plin.-jn.: la prochaine fois qu'on plaidera, à la première audience.    - agere (causam): plaider.    - Agricola juste agebat, Tac.: Agricola prononçait avec équité.    - agere coepit se + inf. Nep: il proposa de...    - agebatur de condicionibus, Liv.: on discutait sur les conditions.    - agere de aliqua re: traiter une affaire.    - agitur ea res in senatu: on traite de cette question au sénat.    - agere cum populo: s’adresser au peuple, porter une question devant le peuple.    - agere cum senatu: porter une question devant le sénat.    - nihil ago tecum, Plaut.: je n'ai rien à démêler avec toi.    - sic agere cum meis soleo, Plin.-jn.: voici ce que je dis aux gens de ma maison.    - hic de quo agebam, Ter.: celui dont je parlais.    - bella, quae agimus, Liv. 10: les guerres que nous racontons.    - quae tecum, Catilina, sic agit: et la voici qui s’adresse directement à toi, Catilina (à propos de la patrie).    - agere cum aliquo ut... Cic.: discuter avec qqn pour que, prier qqn de...    - formule de contrat inter bonos bene agier oportet, Cic. Off. 3: il faut que les choses se passent bien entre honnêtes gens. [st1]14 [-] intenter une accusation, accuser.    - si quid de se agi vellent, Nep.: s'ils voulaient lui faire un procès.    - agere aliquem reum, Liv.: poursuivre qqn en justice.    - agere aliquem adulterii, Quint.: accuser qqn d'adultère. [st1]15 [-] représenter, exprimer, débiter (comme acteur ou comme orateur), remplir le rôle de, se conduire, agir comme; simuler, se donner les airs de, faire le...    - agere fabulam: jouer une pièce.    - agere primas partes: jouer le premier rôle.    - agere bonum virum: jouer le rôle d’honnête homme.    - agit Chaeram, Cic.: il joue le rôle de Chéréas.    - agere cum venustate, Cic.: avoir un débit agréable.    - agere partes misericordiae, Cic.: se conduire en homme compatissant.    - laetum convivam agit, Hor.: il agit en joyeux convive.    - agere unum hominem, Sen.: être toujours le même (ne jouer qu'un personnage).    - egi illos omnes adulescentes, Cic. Fam. 2, 9: j'ai contrefait (mimé) toute cette fameuse jeunesse. [st1]16 [-] au passif: être en question, être en jeu.    - non pecunia agitur, Ter.: ce n'est pas d'argent qu'il s'agit.    - agitur populi Romani gloria: il s’agit de la gloire du peuple romain (la gloire du peuple romain est en jeu).    - is de quo agitur: la personne en question.    - magna hereditas agitur: il est question d'un important héritage.    - mea res agitur: mon intérêt est en question, mon intérêt est en jeu.    - id agitur quis occiderit: la question est de savoir qui a tué.    - id de quo agitur: l'affaire en question.    - aguntur bona multorum, Cic.: il y va de la fortune de beaucoup de gens.    - voir actum; actus
* * *
ăgo, ĕre, ēgi, actum, tr.    - voir l'article ago de Gaffiot.    - axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; axit = egerit, Paul. Diac. 3, 3; agier = agi,” Cic. Off. 3, 15; agentūm = agentium, Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6).    - cf. gr. ἄγω. [st1]1 [-] chasser devant soi, faire marcher, conduire, pousser, amener (en parlant des êtres animés ou personnifiés).    - jus agendi, Caj.: le droit de passage (avec un troupeau).    - agere captivum prae se, Curt. 7, 6: faire marcher un captif devant soi.    - agere agmen, Virg.: conduire une troupe.    - agere currum: conduire un char.    - agere capellas, Virg.: mener les chèvres au pâturage.    - se agere, Virg. (agi, Liv.): se transporter, aller.    - unde agis (s.-ent. te)? Plaut.: d'où viens-tu?    - quo agis te? Plaut. Am.: où vas-tu?    - ad castra Samnitium perrexit, quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur, Liv. 10, 29: il marcha vers le camp des Samnites où se dirigeait, épouvantée, toute la foule des soldats.    - agere carmine quercus, Virg.: entraîner les chênes par ses chants.    - fluvius vi agens undas, Curt.: fleuve qui roule ses eaux avec impétuosité.    - praecipites Germani in amnem aguntur, Tac. H. 5: les Germains sont poussés et précipités dans le fleuve. [st1]2 [-] emmener comme capture.    - praedam (praedas) agere, Sall.: se retirer avec du butin (hommes et bétail).    - agere et ferre: emmener et emporter = piller.    - res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv.: il vit livrer au pillage les biens des alliés.    - agunt feruntque cuncta, Tac. (fig.): ils mènent tout à leur gré. [st1]3 [-] poursuivre, chasser, mettre en fuite.    - apros agere, Virg. G. 3, 412: poursuivre des sangliers [à la chasse].    - acerba fata Romanos agunt, Hor. Epo. 7,17: des destins cruels poursuivent les Romains.    - agentia verba Lycamben, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25: les mots qui harcèlent Lycambe.    - agere hostem ad naves, Just.: poursuivre l'ennemi jusqu'aux vaisseaux.    - agere aliquem de fundo, Cic.: chasser qqn de sa propriété.    - agere in fugam: mettre en fuite.    - lapidibus aliquem agere: chasser qqn à coups de pierres. [st1]4 [-] conduire, gouverner, entraîner, pousser à, contraindre; émouvoir, agiter, inquiéter, solliciter, attirer.    - Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur, Virg. En. 1: Troyens ou Tyriens, ils seront traités par moi sans distinction.    - se agere = se gerere: se comporter, se conduire.    - tantā mobilitate sese Numidae agunt, Sall. J. 56: tant la conduite des Numides est mobile.    - aliquem transvorsum agere, Sall. J. 6, 3: pousser qqn hors du droit chemin.    - aliquem praecipitem agere, Cic.: entraîner qqn à sa perte.    - agere in furorem, Quint.: rendre furieux.    - agere in bellum, Tac.: pousser à la guerre.    - agere ad omne scelus, Tac.: pousser à tous les crimes.    - me profari agit, Sil.: il me pousse à parler.    - agere in mortem: pousser à se donner la mort.    - deus ultor agebat, Ov. M. 14: un dieu vengeur l'agitait.    - diris agam vos, Hor. Epod. 5: je vous poursuivrai de mes imprécations.    - ubi studio agitur aut irā, Curt.: dès que (la foule) est emportée par l'enthousiasme ou la colère.    - seu te discus agit, Hor.: ou si le disque t'attire. [st1]5 [-] mouvoir (une chose), donner une impulsion, donner une direction, faire avancer, pousser.    - fracturae centum libras agentes, Plin.: des fragments de roche [remuant la balance] = pesant cent livres.    - agere navem, Hor.: diriger un vaisseau.    - in litus naves agere, Liv. 22, 19: tirer les bateaux sur le rivage.    - agere vineas, Caes.: faire avancer les mantelets.    - cuniculum agere ad aerarium? Cic. Off. 3: conduire (faire) une galerie jusqu'au Trésor public.    - agere limitem (au fig.): reculer les limites, gagner du terrain. [st1]6 [-] pousser au-dedans, faire pénétrer, enfoncer.    - agere telum costis, Sil.: enfoncer un trait dans la poitrine.    - agere fulmen, V.-Fl.: lancer la foudre.    - pluma in cutem radices egerat imas, Ov. M. 2: le plumage avait enfoncé dans la peau de profondes racines.    - agere rimas: se fendre, se lézarder, se gercer. [st1]7 [-] pousser au-dehors, faire sortir de soi.    - agere frondem, Plin.: pousser des feuilles.    - scintillas agere, Lucr. 2, 675: lancer des étincelles.    - agere spumas, Cic.: écumer.    - agere contagia, Virg.: répandre la contagion.    - animam agere, Cic.: rendre l’âme, expirer.    - sudor agitur, Sil.: la sueur s'échappe des pores. [st1]8 [-] passer le temps, être, vivre, séjourner, habiter.    - agere (vitam): passer sa vie, vivre.    - decimum annum agere: être dans sa dixième année, être âgé de neuf ans.    - agere pacem: vivre en paix, être en paix.    - alter agebatur mensis, Ov.: le second mois s'écoulait.    - securum agere aevum, Hor.: mener une vie tranquille.    - agere hiberna, Liv.: être en quartier d'hiver.    - annum ago octogesimum, Cic.: je suis dans ma quatre-vingtième année.    - Marius apud primos agebat, Sall.: Marius était à l'avant-garde.    - in spe agere, Tac.: espérer.    - in omni Africa, quae procul a mari agebat, Sall. J. 89: dans toute l'Afrique, qui était éloignée de la mer.    - agere dies festos, Cic. Verr. 2.4.48: célébrer des jours de fête. [st1]9 [-] faire, agir, être actif, travailler, être efficace.    - agere rem negligenter, Ter.: mener une affaire avec négligence.    - quid agis? = que fais-tu? ou comment vas-tu?    - hoc age, Plaut.: fais attention.    - quid agam? = que dois-je faire? que faire?    - aliud agere: penser à autre chose, être indifférent, être distrait.    - nihil agere: ne rien faire, n’aboutir à rien.    - nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum, Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61: tu perds ton temps, ô douleur! Si importune que tu sois, jamais je ne reconnaîtrai que tu es un mal.    - electum agere: faire son choix, choisir.    - virtus aliquid agit, Sen.: la vertu est active.    - id agimus ut + subj.: nous travaillons à ceci que, notre but (notre objectif) est de.    - nihil agetur, Dig.: il n'y aura rien de fait, l'acte sera nul.    - gratias agere: remercier.    - laudes agere: glorifier.    - forum agere: rendre la justice.    - e re sua agere: agir selon son propre intérêt.    - rem agere cum aliquo: régler une affaire avec qqn. [st1]10 [-] agir de telle ou telle façon, traiter qqn bien ou mal.    - agere bene aliquo: se comporter bien à l’égard de qqn.    - male agere, Cic.: se conduire mal.    - praeclare agere cum aliquo: bien agir à l'égard de qqn.    - non pessime cum iis agitur, Cic. (impers.): ils ne sont pas à plaindre.    - bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si... Suet.:... que le monde aurait pu être heureux si...    - agere pro victoribus: se comporter en vainqueurs.    - sic par est agere cum civibus, Cic. Off. 2, 83: voilà comment il convient d’agir à l’égard de ses concitoyens.    - au pass. impers. secum male actum putat, Cic. Verr. 3, 119: il pense qu’on s’est mal comporté à son égard.    - cum illo quis neget actum esse praeclare? Cic. Lael. 11: qui pourrait dire que la destinée n’a pas été belle pour lui?    - optime actum cum eo videlur esse, qui... Cic. Fam. 5, 18, 1: il semble avoir un sort heureux celui qui...    - agite ut voltis, Cic. de Or. 2,367: agissez à votre guise.    - perge ut agis, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, 5: continue d’agir comme tu fais.    - bene agis, cum... jussisti, Liv. 8, 33, 10: tu as raison d’avoir ordonné.    - agere lege: agir conformément à la loi (c.-à-d. frapper de la hache).    - lictor, in eum primum lege age, Liv. 26, 6, 3: licteur, commence par lui l’application de la loi.    - cf. Liv. 26, 15, 9 ; Sen. Contr. 10, 3, 6. [st1]11 [-] administrer, gouverner, gérer, remplir une charge, s'occuper de, procéder à.    - agere bellum, Caes.: conduire la guerre, avoir la conduite de la guerre.    - agere regnum: régner.    - agere triumphum, Cic. Fam. 3, 10: triompher.    - agere mensuram, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 14: mesurer.    - agere stationem, Liv. 35, 29: monter la garde.    - libera arbitria agere, Liv. 24, 45: [faire des décisions libres] = décider arbitrairement.    - agere consulatum, Quint. 12, 1, 16: être consul, exercer la fonction de consul, exercer le consulat.    - vigilias agere, Cic. Verr. 4.43.93: faire sentinelle.    - censum agere, Liv. 3.22: faire le recensement.    - agere senatum, Suet. Caes. 88: assembler le sénat.    - fiscum agere, Suet.: lever l'impôt. [st1]12 [-] rouler dans son esprit, songer à.    - nescio quid mens mea agat, Ov. H. 12, 212: je ne sais ce qui se passe dans mon esprit.    - agere cogitationem parricidalem, Quint.: nourrir la pensée d'un parricide.    - agere de intranda Britannia, Tac. Agr. 13: méditer une descente en Bretagne. [st1]13 [-] parler en public, prononcer un discours, haranguer, plaider; discuter, conférer, traiter; qqf. rendre un arrêt.    - in agendo plus quam in scribendo operam ponere, Cic.: s'occuper plus de parler que d'écrire.    - quum proxime res agentur, Plin.-jn.: la prochaine fois qu'on plaidera, à la première audience.    - agere (causam): plaider.    - Agricola juste agebat, Tac.: Agricola prononçait avec équité.    - agere coepit se + inf. Nep: il proposa de...    - agebatur de condicionibus, Liv.: on discutait sur les conditions.    - agere de aliqua re: traiter une affaire.    - agitur ea res in senatu: on traite de cette question au sénat.    - agere cum populo: s’adresser au peuple, porter une question devant le peuple.    - agere cum senatu: porter une question devant le sénat.    - nihil ago tecum, Plaut.: je n'ai rien à démêler avec toi.    - sic agere cum meis soleo, Plin.-jn.: voici ce que je dis aux gens de ma maison.    - hic de quo agebam, Ter.: celui dont je parlais.    - bella, quae agimus, Liv. 10: les guerres que nous racontons.    - quae tecum, Catilina, sic agit: et la voici qui s’adresse directement à toi, Catilina (à propos de la patrie).    - agere cum aliquo ut... Cic.: discuter avec qqn pour que, prier qqn de...    - formule de contrat inter bonos bene agier oportet, Cic. Off. 3: il faut que les choses se passent bien entre honnêtes gens. [st1]14 [-] intenter une accusation, accuser.    - si quid de se agi vellent, Nep.: s'ils voulaient lui faire un procès.    - agere aliquem reum, Liv.: poursuivre qqn en justice.    - agere aliquem adulterii, Quint.: accuser qqn d'adultère. [st1]15 [-] représenter, exprimer, débiter (comme acteur ou comme orateur), remplir le rôle de, se conduire, agir comme; simuler, se donner les airs de, faire le...    - agere fabulam: jouer une pièce.    - agere primas partes: jouer le premier rôle.    - agere bonum virum: jouer le rôle d’honnête homme.    - agit Chaeram, Cic.: il joue le rôle de Chéréas.    - agere cum venustate, Cic.: avoir un débit agréable.    - agere partes misericordiae, Cic.: se conduire en homme compatissant.    - laetum convivam agit, Hor.: il agit en joyeux convive.    - agere unum hominem, Sen.: être toujours le même (ne jouer qu'un personnage).    - egi illos omnes adulescentes, Cic. Fam. 2, 9: j'ai contrefait (mimé) toute cette fameuse jeunesse. [st1]16 [-] au passif: être en question, être en jeu.    - non pecunia agitur, Ter.: ce n'est pas d'argent qu'il s'agit.    - agitur populi Romani gloria: il s’agit de la gloire du peuple romain (la gloire du peuple romain est en jeu).    - is de quo agitur: la personne en question.    - magna hereditas agitur: il est question d'un important héritage.    - mea res agitur: mon intérêt est en question, mon intérêt est en jeu.    - id agitur quis occiderit: la question est de savoir qui a tué.    - id de quo agitur: l'affaire en question.    - aguntur bona multorum, Cic.: il y va de la fortune de beaucoup de gens.    - voir actum; actus
* * *

    Ago, Agis, priore corr. egi, actum, agere. Besongner, Faire quelque chose.

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    Hoc age. Terent. Sois du tout attentif à cela, Laisse toutes choses pour entendre à cela, Pren y garde.

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    Id agunt, vt viri boni esse videantur. Cic. Ils taschent et mettent peine à estre estimez gents de bien.

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    Cum seruo Habiti furti egit. Cic. Il a accusé de larcin le serf d'Habitus.

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    Agere iniuriarum cum aliquo. Sub. crimine. Cic. Intenter action en cas d'injures alencontre de quelcun, Agir contre quelcun, etc.

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    Agere vineas et turres. Caesar. Poulser devant soy, Approcher, ou mettre pres.

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    Hoccine agis, an non? Terent. Entens tu à ce que je te dis, ou non?

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    Membris agit atra venena. Virgil. Chasse dehors.

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    Agere caudam. Colum. Remuer la queue.

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    Est ne ipsus de quo agebam? Terent. N'est ce pas celuy de qui je parloye?

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    Agere. Virgil. Gouverner.

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    Agere. Virgil. Vexer, Inquieter, Tormenter.

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    Agere. Virg. Poursuyvre aucun, Presser, Chasser de pres.

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    Agere. Tacit. Vivre.

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    Agere inter homines desiit. Tacit. Il est mort.

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    Vt ferri agique res suas viderunt. Liuius. Quand ils veirent qu'on ravissoit et qu'on emmenoit tout leur bien.

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    Agere aliquem ad aliquid. Plin. Induire, Inciter.

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    Agere ad populum. Cic. Traicter et adviser avec le peuple de quelque affaire publique.

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    Agere omnia ad praescriptum. Caesar. Faire tout par, ou selon l'ordonnance d'autruy.

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    AEtatem agere Athenis. Cicero. Vivre en Athenes, Passer ses jours, Finer ses jours, User sa vie en Athenes.

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    Hic fere aetatem egit in literis. Cicero. Il a estudié presque toute sa vie, Consumé sa vie à l'estude.

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    AEuum cum diis in caelo. Cic. Vivre eternellement.

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    AEuum per crimina. Ouid. Vivre en toutes meschancetez.

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    Aliquem. Cic. Contrefaire aucun.

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    Aliud agere. Cic. Ne point penser ou entendre à ce qu'on dict, Penser ailleurs, Faire des chasteauls en Espaigne.

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    Aliud nunc agit. Cic. Il ne s'en soulcie pas à ceste heure. Bud.

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    Ambages. Plaut. User d'ambages, Parler ambiguement.

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    Ambigue. Corn. Tacit. Tourner autour du pot, Aller en ambageoye.

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    Amicum. Plin. Se monstrer vray ami, Faire office d'ami, Faire en bon ami.

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    Animam. Ci. Se mourir, Estre à l'article de la mort, Tirer à la fin, Rendre l'esprit.

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    Animum. Horat. Tourner, Induire.

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    Animo magno et forti rem aliquam agere. Cic. Faire quelque chose hardiement et sans crainte.

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    Annum secundum agere, etc. Varro. Estre au deuxiesme an de son aage.

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    Anni nonaginta aguntur a Virgilii vatis obitu. Plin. Il y a quatre vingts dix ans que Virgile est mort.

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    Apologum. Plaut. Conter une fable.

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    Apud aliquos. Cic. Faire une harangue à aucuns.

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    Arbitrium alicuius rei. Liu. Faire le maistre de quelque chose, En disposer et ordonner à son plaisir.

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    Astute. Matius. Cic. User de finesse, ou astuce, Faire ou dire quelque chose par faintise.

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    Agere bellum: vt, Bella agenda non puero. Ouid. Faire la guerre.

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    Bene mecum agitur. Cicero. Je suis bien, Mon cas va bien, Mon cas se porte bien, Je me tiens bien pour content, Je suis bien heureux, etc.

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    Bene cum rebus humanis ageretur. Sueton. Ce seroit un grand bien pour les hommes.

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    Bene egissent Athenienses cum Milciade, etc. Valer. Max. Les Atheniens se feussent bien portez envers luy, Ils luy eussent faict grand plaisir, Ils eussent beaucoup faict pour luy, si, etc.

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    Blanditiis agitur nihil. Ouid. On ne gaigne rien à flatter.

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    Agere canticum. Liu. Danser.

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    Captiuos sub curribus. Mart. Mener les prisonniers en triomphe.

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    Causam, vel causas. Plin. Advocasser, Plaider une cause.

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    Censuram. Senec. Estre rigoreux.

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    Censura agitur. Ouid. Agere circum. Virg. Faire tournoyer.

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    Ciuem mirificum. Caelius Cic. Se monstrer bon et vray citoyen.

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    Coliculum. Columel. Jecter, ou produire une petite tige.

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    Communiter aliquid. Cic. Traicter de quelque chose ensemble.

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    Consilia. Liu. Tenir conseil, Consulter ensemble.

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    Consulem. Plin. iunior. Faire office de Consul.

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    Contagia late. Ouid. Jecter bien loing et espardre sa contagion et infection.

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    Contentione magna. Liu. Tascher fort et prendre grand peine à faire quelque chose.

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    Conuentus. Caesar. Terent. Tenir les estats d'un pais, Tenir les grands jours ou l'eschiquier.

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    Agere cum alio re aliqua: vt, Plebeio sermone agere cum aliquo. Ci. User de language commun et vulgaire en parlant à luy.

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    Agere cum aliquo. Caes. Traicter de quelque chose avec aucun, Luy tenir propos de quelque chose.

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    Egit nobiscum, vt, si nobis videretur, adiremus ad eorum senatum. Ci. Il nous teint propos d'aller si bon nous sembloit, etc.

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    Agere cum aliquo. Cice. Soliciter un homme à faire quelque chose, et l'en requerir.

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    Quid cum illis agas, qui neque ius, etc. Terent. Que ferois tu avec ces gents là qui, etc.

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    Nihil ago tecum. Plau. Je n'ay que faire ne que soulder avec toy.

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    Accurate agere cum aliquo, vt. Ci. Le solliciter fort et soigneusement que, etc.

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    Familiariter agere cum aliquo. Cic. Dire, ou Parler familierement et priveement à aucun.

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    Gladiis. Cic. User de glaives envers aucuns.

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    Hortatione. Cic. User d'exhortation.

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    Iracunde. Cic. En se courrouceant.

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    Leniter. Cic. Doulcement, Gratieusement.

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    Praeceptis. Cic. User de commandements, Commander à aucun.

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    Precibus. Cic. User de prieres, Prier aucun.

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    Prisce. Cic. Le traicter à la mode ou maniere ancienne, à l'antique.

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    Remisse. Cic. Non asprement.

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    Seuere. Cic. User de severité envers aucun.

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    Simpliciter. Cic. Simplement et rondement.

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    Tabellis obsignatis. Cic. Le convaincre par ses lettres mesmes.

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    Vehementer. Cic. Asprement.

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    Vrbane. Cic. Civilement.

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    Agere cum Patribus. Cic. Traicter de quelque chose avec les senateurs.

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    Agere cum populo. Cic. Quand un magistrat assembloit le peuple, et traictoit avec euls de quelque affaire publique.

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    Agere cuniculos ad aerarium. Cic. Faire une mine, Miner.

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    Curam. Liu. Se soulcier de quelque chose.

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    Euphrates cursum ad occasum solis agit. Pli. Flue, coule, fait son cours vers Occident.

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    Custodiam vrbis. Liu. Garder la ville, Faire le guet sur la ville.

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    De caeteris rebus quicquid erit actum, scribam ad te. Cic. Tout ce qui aura esté faict et traicté des autres choses.

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    Agere de pace. Liu. Traicter de la paix.

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    Agere de re aliqua ad fidem. Liu. Parler de quelque chose en sorte qu'on soit creu.

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    De cosilio publico aliquid agere. Cic. Faire quelque chose par conseil et advis commun.

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    Agere aliquid de loco superiore. Cic. Estant hault assis en siege judicial, Tenant le siege.

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    Agitur de capite, aut fama. Ci. Il est question de la vie, La vie y pend.

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    Delectum. Plin. Faire eslite, Discerner.

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    Agi desiderio alicuius rei. Liu. Avoir grand desir de quelque chose, La desirer et regretter fort.

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    Diem vitae extremum agere. Cic. Estre à son dernier jour, Se mourir.

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    Diem festum. Cic. Faire feste, Celebrer, ou solennizer la feste.

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    Diem vnum bene agere ex philosophiae praeceptis. Cice. Vivre un jour selon, etc.

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    Diris agere aliquem. Horat. Mauldire quelcun, et prier ou souhaiter que mal luy advienne.

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    Agentur a nobis omnia diligenter. Cic. Nous ferons toute diligence de cela.

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    Agere equum in viam. Liu. Picquer son cheval, et s'en aller.

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    Error agit aliquem. Ouid. Erreur le meine.

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    Agere ex aequo. Tacit. Avoir pareille authorité et preeminence.

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    Res agitur ex animo. Author ad Heren. A bon escient, et sans faintise.

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    Ex diuerso agere. Quintil. Advocasser pour partie adverse.

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    Ex fide bona agere. Cic. Intenter une action de bonne foy, Y aller à la bonne foy.

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    Agere ex insidiis. Cic. Aller, ou proceder par trahison.

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    Ex sponso siue ex sponsu agere. Quod recentiores dixerunt, Agere ex stipulatu. Cic. Convenir sa partie pour raison d'une stipulation.

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    Ex syngrapha cum aliquo agere. Cicer. Faire poursuyte d'une debte ou promesse dont il appert par cedule du defendeur.

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    Exemplis. Plin. Amener, ou alleguer exemples.

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    Experimenta. Plin. Experimenter.

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    Agere fabulam, comoediam, tragoediam. Cic. Jouer une farce.

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    Fama agit aliquem. Horat. Le bruit le fait estre congneu du monde.

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    Folia agere dicitur arbor. Col. Jecter, ou produire ses fueilles.

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    Fortuna nostra agitur per aduersas procellas. Ouid. Est agitee.

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    Agere forum. Cic. Exercer judicature, Tenir les plaids.

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    Frigora agunt venti. Virg. Les vents ameinent la froidure.

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    Agere frondem dicitur arbor. Plin. Jecter et produire ses branches et fueilles.

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    Agere fugam. Liu. S'enfuir.

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    Fundamenta. Cicero. Mettre et jecter ou faire les fondements, Fonder.

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    Genialiter agere festum. Ouid. Faire grand chere à la feste.

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    Gemmas agere dicitur vitis, aut arbor. Columel. Bourgeonner.

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    Agere gestum in scena. Cic. Faire les gestes et mines.

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    Grauiter agere aliquid. Horat. Diligemment et habillement.

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    Gradus agere praecipites. Valer. Flac. Cheminer fort vistement.

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    Gradus agere tacitos. Idem. Marcher, ou cheminer sans dire mot.

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    Agere grates, poeticum magis, quam oratorium. Plau. Ci. Liu. Remercier, Rendre graces.

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    Gratias. Cic. Remercier, Regracier.

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    Gratias alicui apud alium. Cicero, Mirificas apud me tibi gratias egit, prorsus incredibiles. Il t'a grandement remercié, ou regracie en parlant à moy.

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    In aliqua re gratias agere. Cic. Remercier de quelque chose.

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    In singulas res agere gratias. Cic. A chascun poinct.

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    Dicimus Agere maximas gratias, meritas, incredibiles, singulares, singularibus verbis, et amplissimis. Ex Terentio et Cicerone. Remercier grandement, Regracier haultement.

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    Age hoc. Plaut. Entens ici.

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    Hoc age. Terent. Bien doncques, fay le.

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    Hoc age. Passe oultre. Bud. ex Gellio.

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    Hoc agite amabo. Terent. Entendez ici je vous prie.

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    Agere hyemem sub tectis. Liu. Passer son yver à couvert.

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    Agere ictum. Liu. Donner un coup, Poulser le coup.

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    Id agere, vt hoc fiat. Cic. Mettre peine que cela se face.

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    Non id agebam. Plin. Je n'y pensoye pas. B.

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    Imperium agere. Plin. Conuicto male acti imperii rei militaris. Convaincu d'avoir mal gouverné et administré l'office de capitaine et chef de guerre.

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    Agere in, pro esse. Virg. Plin. Dies in terra agit, noctes in aqua. De jour il est en terre, de nuict en l'eaue.

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    Agere animum in admirationem. Pli. Faire esmerveiller, Ravir en admiration.

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    In arma. Liu. Inciter à faire la guerre.

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    Agere in crucem. Cic. Crucifier.

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    In exilium. Plin. Bannir, Envoyer en exil.

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    In fraudem. Virg. Mettre en danger.

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    In fugam. Liu. Chasser, Faire fuir, Donner la chasse, Mettre en fuite.

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    Redit agricolis labor actus in orbem. Virgil. Les laboureurs sont touts les ans à recommencer leur labeur.

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    In bona spe. Tacit. Avoir bonne esperance, Estre en bonne esperance.

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    Incuriosius. Tacit. Ne penser point à soy, N'estre point sur ses gardes.

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    Inquisitio agitur. Plin. On fait enqueste.

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    Iter agere. Ouid. Aller.

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    Iudicium agitur. Plin. Quand le juge congnoist d'une matiere.

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    Iure summo agere. Cic. Traicter un homme en toute rigueur, Luy faire au pis qu'on peult.

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    Agere laudes et grates diis. Liu. Louer et remercier Dieu.

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    Legationem apud aliquem. Asconius. Estre ambassadeur envers aucun.

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    Agere dicuntur legati suppliciter. Liu. Quand les ambassadeurs font leur harangue en suppliant.

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    Lege agere. Cic. Poursuyvre selon la loy.

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    Leniter. Cic. Doulcement.

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    Lente agere. Liu. Laschement.

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    Luxuriam agere. Horat. Reprendre et blasmer prodigalité.

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    Agere mandata. Cic. Faire ce qu'on nous a commande, Mettre en execution ce, etc.

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    Agit mecum fortuna secundis rebus. Lucan. Fortune me favorise, me dit, me rit.

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    Agitur mensis septimus, aut annus. Terent. C'est ici, ou Voici la septieme annee.

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    Mensuram alicuius rei agere. Plin. Reduire à mesure.

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    Foras agendus est metus mortis. Lucret. Il fault chasser dehors la crainte de mourir, Il ne fault point craindre la mort.

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    Agere pingui Minerua. Cic. Parler grossement et lourdement.

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    Morem. Sallust. Avoir et entretenir une coustume.

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    Modice agere quippiam. Cic. Tempereement, Modereement.

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    Multum agit sexus, aetas, conditio. Quintil. Y sert de beaucoup, y fait beaucoup.

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    Non multum egerit. Curius ad Ciceronem. Il ne profictera pas beaucoup.

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    Agere ne. Liu. Omnia, ne id fieret, agentibus. Cerchants touts les moyents que cela ne se feist.

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    Agere negotium suum. Cic. Se mesler de ses affaires.

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    Nihil agere. Cic. Ne faire chose qui vaille, Perdre sa peine, Perdre temps.

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    Neque nostrae disputationes quicquam aliud agunt, nisi vt, etc. Nos disputations ne tendent à autre chose, sinon que, etc.

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    Noctem inter gaudia agere. Virg. Passer la nuict en joyeusetez.

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    Nugas agere. Plaut. Baver.

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    Orationem. Cic. Prononcer une oraison, ou faire une harangue.

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    Oscitanter. Cic. Negligemment.

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    Otia. Virgil. Estre oiseulx.

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    Pacem. Sallust. faire la paix. Estre en repos. apud Sillium.

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    Partes aliquas, siue aliquem. Cic. Jouer le personnage d'aucun, ou son roulet.

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    Primas partes. Terent. Estre le principal personnage d'une farce.

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    Partes alicuius vicissim. Terent. Faire l'office de quelcun, ainsi qu'il a faict le nostre, Faire pour aucun comme il a faict pour nous.

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    Primas partes in re aliqua. Cic. Estre le principal et plus excellent que les autres.

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    Agi dicuntur pecora. Virg. Quand on les meine.

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    Agere animalia potum. Varro. Mener ou chasser les bestes à l'abbrevoir, Les mener boire.

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    Agere prae se armenta. Liu. Toucher devant soy et mener.

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    Agere aliquid per alium. Cic. Faire par un autre.

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    Agi per saxa latratibus canum. Ouid. Estre chassé parmi les pierres et rochiers.

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    Agere plebem. Liu. Mener le peuple à sa fantasie, ou Troubler et mutiner.

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    Poenas alicuius sceleris ab aliquo agere. Liu. Punir aucun pour quelque cas.

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    Poenitentiam agere. Plin. iunior. Se repentir, Avoir regret d'avoir faict quelque chose.

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    Prae se agere aliquem. Statius. Chasser devant soy.

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    Praecipitem ex alto. Caesar. Jecter du hault en bas.

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    Praecipitem de fundo. Cic. Jecter violentement hors de sa terre.

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    Praecipitem, per metaphoram. Cic. Ruiner.

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    Praecipitem eum agunt poenae ciuium. Ci. Les meurtres qu'il a commis luy tormentent l'esprit et la conscience tellement qu'il en est comme furieux et troublé de l'entendement.

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    Praedam. Liu. Emmener la proye ou le butin.

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    Quercus agere carmine. Virg. Esmouvoir.

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    Quid ages? Terent. Non interrogantis, sed metuentis hoc dictum est. Que penses tu faire? Qu'est ce que tu feras?

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    Vide quid agas. Ter. Que veuls tu faire? Regarde que tu feras.

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    Agamus quod agitur. Cic. Parlons de la matiere subjecte.

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    Agere radices deorsum. Colu. Jecter ses racines avant en terre.

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    Radices agit vera gloria, per metaphoram. Cic. Prend racines, Est de longue duree.

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    Agere remissius cum subjectis. Colum. Ne traicter point rudement ses subjects.

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    Alias res agere. Terent. Penser à autre chose, N'entendre point à ce qu'on dict, Penser ailleurs.

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    Res alicuius agere. Cic. Faire les affaires d'aucun.

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    Retro aliquid agere. Plin. Compter à reculons, ou à rebours.

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    Agere reum. Plin. Accuser, mettre sus un crime à quelcun, et le poursuyvre judiciairement.

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    Agere rimas. Cic. Se fendre, Se crevasser.

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    Scintillas agere. Lucret. Jecter des estincelles, Estinceler.

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    Agere se. Cheminer. vt, Quo hinc te agis? Ter. Où vas tu d'ici?

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    Agere se pro equite Rom. Suet. Se dire et maintenir estre, etc.

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    Agit se pro nobili. Il se dit noble. B.

\

    Agere secretum. Sueton. Estre tout seul.

\

    Agere aliquid secum. Cic. Faire quelque chose tout seul.

\

    Agitur Senarus. Sueton. Le senat est assemblé.

\

    Agere honoratam senectutem. Li. Passer sa vieillesse honorablement.

\

    Silentium. Ouid. Se taire, Ne sonner mot.

\

    Spumas. Cic. Jecter escumes, ou Escumer par la bouche.

\

    Stationem. Tacit. Faire le guet en la guerre, ou autour de la personne du prince.

\

    Triumphum. Cic. Triompher.

\

    Triumphum ex aliquo populo agere. Liu. Triompher apres avoir eu victoire de quelque peuple.

\

    Ventis agi. Ouid. Estre mené ou poulsé des vents.

\

    Ver agit orbis. Virg. Il est le prin temps.

\

    Agere versum. Cic. Prononcer un vers avec le geste requis.

\

    Vi agere. Liu. User de force, Aller par force.

\

    Vigilias noctu ad aedes sacras. Cic. Faire le guet de nuict.

\

    Agere vitam ruri. Liu. Vivre és champs.

\

    Lachrymis agendum est. Sen. Il fault user de larmes, Il fault plourer.

\

    Agitur gloria pop. Romani. Cic. Il est question de la gloire et honneur des Romains.

\

    Agitur magnum ipsius periculum. Plancus Ciceroni. Il est en grand danger.

\

    Aguntur res Attici. Cic. Il est question des affaires d'Atticus.

Dictionarium latinogallicum > ago
7 mos

mōs, mōris, m.    - sine more: - [abcl]a - sans mesure, sans frein, sans bornes, violemment. - [abcl]b - sans loi, sans règle. - [abcl]c - contrairement à la règle.    - atra tempestas sine more furit, Virg. En. 5: une noire tempête se déchaîne avec une violence inouïe. [st1]1 [-] volonté (de qqn), désir, caprice.    - suo more vivere, Ter.: vivre à sa fantaisie, vivre à sa guise.    - alieno more vivere, Ter.: vivre selon le caprice d'autrui, dépendre des autres.    - morem gerere alicui: faire la volonté de qqn, obéir à qqn, être complaisant pour qqn.    - geram tibi morem, Cic. Tusc. 1: je me plierai à ce que tu désires.    - cum Dion non desisteret obsecrare Dionysium ut Platonem Athenis arcesseret, ille, qui in aliqua re vellet patrem imitari, morem ei gessit, Nep.: comme Dion ne cessait de supplier Denys de faire venir Platon d’Athènes, ce tyran, qui voulait sur quelque point faire comme son père, fit ce qu'il désirait.    - regis voluntati morem gerendum putavit, Nep.: il crut devoir obéir à la volonté du roi.    - gestus est ei mos, tresque legati Athenas missi sunt, Nep.: on fit ce qu'il voulait et on envoya trois députés à Athènes.    - adulescenti morem gestum oportuit, Ter. Ad.: il fallait se plier aux caprices de ce jeune homme.    - molestus certe ei fuero atque animo morem gessero, Ter. And.: je lui aurai du moins fait de la peine et j'aurai déchargé ma colère. [st1]2 [-] coutume, usage, tradition; droit coutumier.    - mos: loi non écrite, usage, tradition, coutume [] lex: loi écrite.    - morem facit usus, Ov.: l'usage fait loi.    - mos hominum (moris hominum) est ut: les hommes ont pour habitude de.    - mos est ut...: l'usage est que...    - mos est + inf.: c’est une coutume de.    - majorum more: suivant la coutume des ancêtres, suivant la tradition.    - nostro more: suivant nos usages.    - sine more facinus, Stat.: crime sans exemple, crime inouï.    - praeter morem, Ter.: contre la coutume.    - in morem venire: passer en usage.    - quod moris est (ut moris est), Tac.: comme c'est l'usage.    - reis moris est summittere capillum, Plin. Ep. 7: la coutume des accusés est de laisser pousser leurs cheveux.    - moris est ab imperatore consules invitari ad cenam, Val.-Max.: il est d'usage que les consuls soient invités à dîner par le général.    - negavit moris esse Graecorum ut in convivio virorum accumberent mulieres, Cic. Verr. 2, 1: il affirma qu'il n'est pas dans l'habitude des Grecs que les femmes paraissent dans un festin à côté des hommes.    - fecerat sibi morem Alexamenus circumeundi, Liv. 35: Alexamène avait pris l'habitude de parcourir... [st1]3 [-] surtout au plur. conduite, procédé, manière d'agir, genre de vie, habitude, caractère, moeurs, naturel.    - qui istic mos est? Ter. Heaut.: quelle est cette manière d'agir?    - corrumpunt mores bonos colloquia mala, Vulg. 1 Cor. 15: les mauvaises compagnies corrompent les bonnes moeurs.    - est mos hominum, ut nolint eundem pluribus rebus excellere, Cic. Br. 84: les hommes ont l'habitude de ne pas vouloir que la même personne excellent en plusieurs domaines à la fois.    - periere mores, Sen.: c'en est fait de la vertu!    - mores feri immanisque natura, Cic. Rosc. Am. 13: des moeurs féroces et un naturel barbare.    - mores perditi, Cic.: moeurs perverses.    - conveniunt mores; valeant qui inter nos discidium volunt, Ter. And.: nos caractères s'accordent; au diable ceux qui veulent nous brouiller!    - nota tibi est hominis probitas, Caesar, noti mores, Cic. Dej.: tu connais, César, la probité de cet homme, tu connais son caractère. [st1]4 [-] règle de conduite, loi, norme.    - constituere regni mores, Liv.: fixer les règles du gouvernement.    - pacis imponere morem, Virg.: imposer les conditions de la paix.    - moresque viris et moenia ponet, Virg. En. 1: et il établira pour ses hommes des lois et des remparts. [st1]5 [-] manière d'être, manière, état, nature.    - mores siderum, Plin.: cours des astres.    - mos caeli, Virg.: l'état du ciel.    - more ou in morem ou ad morem + gén.: à la manière de, comme.    - in morem stagni, Virg.: comme un lac.    - pecudum in morem, Flor.: comme des troupeaux.
* * *
mōs, mōris, m.    - sine more: - [abcl]a - sans mesure, sans frein, sans bornes, violemment. - [abcl]b - sans loi, sans règle. - [abcl]c - contrairement à la règle.    - atra tempestas sine more furit, Virg. En. 5: une noire tempête se déchaîne avec une violence inouïe. [st1]1 [-] volonté (de qqn), désir, caprice.    - suo more vivere, Ter.: vivre à sa fantaisie, vivre à sa guise.    - alieno more vivere, Ter.: vivre selon le caprice d'autrui, dépendre des autres.    - morem gerere alicui: faire la volonté de qqn, obéir à qqn, être complaisant pour qqn.    - geram tibi morem, Cic. Tusc. 1: je me plierai à ce que tu désires.    - cum Dion non desisteret obsecrare Dionysium ut Platonem Athenis arcesseret, ille, qui in aliqua re vellet patrem imitari, morem ei gessit, Nep.: comme Dion ne cessait de supplier Denys de faire venir Platon d’Athènes, ce tyran, qui voulait sur quelque point faire comme son père, fit ce qu'il désirait.    - regis voluntati morem gerendum putavit, Nep.: il crut devoir obéir à la volonté du roi.    - gestus est ei mos, tresque legati Athenas missi sunt, Nep.: on fit ce qu'il voulait et on envoya trois députés à Athènes.    - adulescenti morem gestum oportuit, Ter. Ad.: il fallait se plier aux caprices de ce jeune homme.    - molestus certe ei fuero atque animo morem gessero, Ter. And.: je lui aurai du moins fait de la peine et j'aurai déchargé ma colère. [st1]2 [-] coutume, usage, tradition; droit coutumier.    - mos: loi non écrite, usage, tradition, coutume [] lex: loi écrite.    - morem facit usus, Ov.: l'usage fait loi.    - mos hominum (moris hominum) est ut: les hommes ont pour habitude de.    - mos est ut...: l'usage est que...    - mos est + inf.: c’est une coutume de.    - majorum more: suivant la coutume des ancêtres, suivant la tradition.    - nostro more: suivant nos usages.    - sine more facinus, Stat.: crime sans exemple, crime inouï.    - praeter morem, Ter.: contre la coutume.    - in morem venire: passer en usage.    - quod moris est (ut moris est), Tac.: comme c'est l'usage.    - reis moris est summittere capillum, Plin. Ep. 7: la coutume des accusés est de laisser pousser leurs cheveux.    - moris est ab imperatore consules invitari ad cenam, Val.-Max.: il est d'usage que les consuls soient invités à dîner par le général.    - negavit moris esse Graecorum ut in convivio virorum accumberent mulieres, Cic. Verr. 2, 1: il affirma qu'il n'est pas dans l'habitude des Grecs que les femmes paraissent dans un festin à côté des hommes.    - fecerat sibi morem Alexamenus circumeundi, Liv. 35: Alexamène avait pris l'habitude de parcourir... [st1]3 [-] surtout au plur. conduite, procédé, manière d'agir, genre de vie, habitude, caractère, moeurs, naturel.    - qui istic mos est? Ter. Heaut.: quelle est cette manière d'agir?    - corrumpunt mores bonos colloquia mala, Vulg. 1 Cor. 15: les mauvaises compagnies corrompent les bonnes moeurs.    - est mos hominum, ut nolint eundem pluribus rebus excellere, Cic. Br. 84: les hommes ont l'habitude de ne pas vouloir que la même personne excellent en plusieurs domaines à la fois.    - periere mores, Sen.: c'en est fait de la vertu!    - mores feri immanisque natura, Cic. Rosc. Am. 13: des moeurs féroces et un naturel barbare.    - mores perditi, Cic.: moeurs perverses.    - conveniunt mores; valeant qui inter nos discidium volunt, Ter. And.: nos caractères s'accordent; au diable ceux qui veulent nous brouiller!    - nota tibi est hominis probitas, Caesar, noti mores, Cic. Dej.: tu connais, César, la probité de cet homme, tu connais son caractère. [st1]4 [-] règle de conduite, loi, norme.    - constituere regni mores, Liv.: fixer les règles du gouvernement.    - pacis imponere morem, Virg.: imposer les conditions de la paix.    - moresque viris et moenia ponet, Virg. En. 1: et il établira pour ses hommes des lois et des remparts. [st1]5 [-] manière d'être, manière, état, nature.    - mores siderum, Plin.: cours des astres.    - mos caeli, Virg.: l'état du ciel.    - more ou in morem ou ad morem + gén.: à la manière de, comme.    - in morem stagni, Virg.: comme un lac.    - pecudum in morem, Flor.: comme des troupeaux.
* * *

    Mos, moris, masc. gen. Honorable coustume, ou Bonne et louable maniere de vivre.

\

    Mores laudantur qui sunt ex placido et concitato mitissimi. Colum. Les conditions, Les meurs bonnes ou mauvaises.

\

    Mos obliuisci hominibus, neque nouisse quoius nihili sit facienda gratia. Plaut. C'est la coustume des hommes, ou leur maniere de faire, C'est la facon et la guise.

\

    - mos nunquam illi fuit patri meo, Vt exprobraret quod bonus faceret boni. Plau. Jamais mon pere n'eut ceste maniere de faire, etc.

\

    Vt mos est. Cic. Ainsi qu'il est de coustume.

\

    Moris est. Cic. Negauit moris esse Graecorum vt in conuiuio, etc. Ce n'estoit point la coustume des Grecs.

\

    More habent licentiam. Plaut. Par la coustume.

\

    Petere honorem pro flagitio, more fit. Plaut. C'est la coustume.

\

    More rotat fundae. Ouid. Comme une sonde.

\

    More magis hoc quidem scribo, quam quo te admonendum putem. Cic. Par coustume, ou suyvant ma coustume et maniere de faire.

\

    More hominum euenit, vt quod sim nactus mali, Prius rescisceres tu, quam ego quod tibi euenit boni. Terent. Comme il advient communeement à tout le monde.

\

    Quibus more maiorum concessum est, vel omnes adire prouincias, etc. Cic. Par la coustume, ou Selon la coustume des anciens, Ainsi qu'il est accoustumé d'ancienneté.

\

    More noualium proscindatur terra. Colum. A la facon de, etc.

\

    More meo. Cic. Selon ma coustume et maniere de faire, A ma guise, A ma mode.

\

    Nouo more aliquid facere. Cic. Faire une chose qu'on n'a point accoustumé de faire.

\

    Multi more isto atque exemplo viuunt, quos quum censeas Tibi amicos, reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis. Plaut. En ceste maniere, ou Beaucoup ont ceste maniere de vivre, ceste mode et guise ou facon.

\

    Ad morem. Quintil. Materias sibiipsi fingunt, et ad morem actionum prosequuntur. A la maniere de, etc.

\

    De more. Virgil. Selon la coustume.

\

    Ex more. Horat. Selon la coustume.

\

    Priscoque deos ex more precatus. Ouid. A la maniere ancienne, A la mode du temps jadis.

\

    In morem fluminis. Virgil. A la facon et maniere d'un fleuve.

\

    Est hoc in more positum, institutoque maiorum, vt ii qui, etc. Cic. C'est une chose accoustumee de toute ancienneté.

\

    Eas potissimum religiones tenerent, quae essent in more maiorum. Cic. Que les anciens avoyent accoustumé.

\

    Moribus, Pro more et consuetudine. Cic. Et de fundo Cecinna moribus deduceretur. Selon la maniere accoustumee, Selon la coustume.

\

    AEqui mores modicis erroribus. Iuue. Doulx et gracieux aux petites faultes.

\

    Bonis moribus conuenit. Iustinianus. Il est d'honneste. Bud.

\

    Bonus mos. Plaut. Bonne facon de faire.

\

    Intorti mores. Pers. Depravez et corrompuz.

\

    Curui mores. Pers. Vices.

\

    Pallentes mores. Pers. Qui rendent l'homme palle, Vices pour lesquels l'homme pallist, craignant d'en estre reprins et puni.

\

    Praeclarum a maioribus morem accepimus rogandi iudicis. Cic. Nous avons prins et receu de noz ancestres une louable coustume.

\

    Adumbrare morem alicuius. Curtius. Faire comme luy, Imiter sa maniere de faire.

\

    Maternosque bibit mores, exemplaque discit. Claudian. Elle apprend les conditions de sa mere dés la mamelle, dés son enfance.

\

    Condere mores alicuius gentis. Curtius. Instituer, Reigler ses meurs.

\

    Morem gerere alicui. Terent. Obeir et faire la volunté d'aucun.

\

    Morem gerere animo. Plaut. Faire à son plaisir.

\

    Pacis morem imponere populis. Virgil. Les loix et conditions de paix.

\

    Perducere aliquid in morem. Ci. Amener, ou Tirer à coustume.

\

    Prosternere mores ciuiles. Plin. Ruiner.

\

    Pallentes radere mores. Pers. Reprendre les vices qui font pallir ceulx qui en sont entachez, de paour d'estre diffamez ou puniz.

\

    Morem antiquum referre. Sueton. Ramener et reduire, ou remettre sus une ancienne coustume.

Dictionarium latinogallicum > mos
8 acta fori

ăgo, egi, actum, 3, v. a. (axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. axitiosi, p. 3 Mull.;
axit = egerit,
Paul. Diac. 3, 3;
AGIER = agi,
Cic. Off. 3, 15;
agentum = agentium,
Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6) [cf. agô; Sanscr. ag, aghami = to go, to drive; agmas = way, train = ogmos; agis = race, contest = agôn; perh. also Germ. jagen, to drive, to hunt], to put in motion, to move (syn.: agitare, pellere, urgere).
I.
Lit.
A.
Of cattle and other animals, to lead, drive.
a.
Absol.: agas asellum, Seip. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 258:
jumenta agebat,
Liv. 1, 48:
capellas ago,
Verg. E. 1, 13:
Pars quia non veniant pecudes, sed agantur, ab actu etc.,
Ov. F. 1, 323:
caballum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 36.—
b.
With acc. of place, prep., sup., or inf.:
agere bovem Romam,
Curt. 1, 45:
equum in hostem,
id. 7, 4:
Germani in amnem aguntur,
Tac. H. 5, 21:
acto ad vallum equo,
id. A. 2, 13:
pecora per calles,
Curt. 7, 11:
per devia rura capellas,
Ov. M. 1, 676:
pecus pastum,
Varr. L. L. 6, 41, p. 88 Mull.:
capellas potum age,
Verg. E. 9, 23:
pecus egit altos Visere montes,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 7.—
B.
Of men, to drive, lead, conduct, impel.
a.
Absol.:
agmen agens equitum,
Verg. A. 7, 804.—
b.
With prep., abl., or inf.:
vinctum ante se Thyum agebat,
Nep. Dat. 3:
agitur praeceps exercitus Lydorum in populos,
Sil. 4, 720:
(adulteram) maritus per omnem vicum verbere agit,
Tac. G. 19; Suet. Calig. 27:
captivos prae se agentes,
Curt. 7, 6; Liv. 23, 1:
acti ante suum quisque praedonem catenati,
Quint. 8, 3, 69:
captivos sub curribus agere,
Mart. 8, 26:
agimur auguriis quaerere exilia,
Verg. A. 3, 5;
and simple for comp.: multis milibus armatorum actis ex ea regione = coactis,
Liv. 44, 31.— In prose: agi, to be led, to march, to go:
quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur,
Liv. 10, 29: si citius agi vellet agmen, that the army would move, or march on quicker, id. 2, 58:
raptim agmine acto,
id. 6, 28; so id. 23, 36; 25, 9.— Trop.:
egit sol hiemem sub terras,
Verg. G. 4, 51:
poemata dulcia sunto Et quocumque volent animum auditoris agunto,
lead the mind, Hor. A. P. 100. —Hence, poet.: se agere, to betake one's self, i. e. to go, to come (in Plaut. very freq.;
also in Ter., Verg., etc.): quo agis te?
where are you going? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 294:
unde agis te?
id. Most. 1, 4, 28; so id. ib. 3, 1, 31; id. Mil. 3, 2, 49; id. Poen. 1, 2, 120; id. Pers. 4, 3, 13; id. Trin. 4, 3, 71:
quo hinc te agis?
where are you going, Ter. And. 4, 2, 25:
Ecce gubernator sese Palinurus agebat,
was moving along, Verg. A. 6, 337:
Aeneas se matutinus agebat,
id. ib. 8, 465:
is enim se primus agebat,
for he strode on in front, id. ib. 9, 696.—Also without se:
Et tu, unde agis?
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 20:
Quo agis?
id. Pers. 2, 2, 34:
Huc age,
Tib. 2, 5, 2 (unless age is here to be taken with veni at the end of the line).—
C.
To drive or carry off (animals or men), to steal, rob, plunder (usually abigere):
Et redigunt actos in sua rura boves,
Ov. F. 3, 64.—So esp. freq. of men or animals taken as booty in war, while ferre is used of portable things; hence, ferre et agere (as in Gr. agein kai pherein, Hom. Il. 5, 484; and reversed, pherein kai agein, in Hdt. and Xen.; cf.:
rapiunt feruntque,
Verg. A. 2, 374:
rapere et auferre,
Cic. Off. 1, 14), in gen., to rob, to plunder: res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv. 22, 3:
ut ferri agique res suas viderunt,
id. 38, 15; so id. 3, 37;
so also: rapere agereque: ut ex alieno agro raperent agerentque,
Liv. 22, 1, 2; but portari atque agi means to bear and carry, to bring together, in Caes. B. C. 2, 29 (as pherein kai agein in Plat. Phaedr. 279, C):
ne pulcram praedam agat,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 3:
urbes, agros vastare, praedas agere,
Sall. J. 20, 8; 32, 3:
pecoris et mancipiorum praedas,
id. ib. 44, 5;
so eccl. Lat.: agere praedas de aliquo,
Vulg. Jud. 9, 16; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8; cf. Gron. Obs. 3, 22, 633.—
D.
To chase, pursue, press animals or men, to drive about or onwards in flight (for the usual agitare).
a.
Of animals:
apros,
Verg. G. 3, 412:
cervum,
id. A. 7, 481; cf. id. ib. 4, 71:
citos canes,
Ov. H. 5, 20:
feros tauros,
Suet. Claud. 21.—
b.
Of men:
ceteros ruerem, agerem,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21 (= prosequerer, premerem, Don.):
ita perterritos egerunt, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 4, 12:
Demoleos cursu palantis Troas agebat,
Verg. A. 5, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 574:
aliquem in exsilium,
Liv. 25, 2; so Just. 2, 9, 6; 16, 4, 4; 17, 3, 17;
22, 1, 16 al.: aliquem in fugam,
id. 16, 2, 3.—
E.
Of inanimate or abstract objects, to move, impel, push forwards, advance, carry to or toward any point:
quid si pater cuniculos agat ad aerarium?
lead, make, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90:
egisse huc Alpheum vias,
made its way, Verg. A. 3, 695:
vix leni et tranquillo mari moles agi possunt,
carry, build out, Curt. 4, 2, 8:
cloacam maximam sub terram agendam,
to be carried under ground, Liv. 1, 56;
so often in the histt., esp. Caes. and Livy, as t. t., of moving forwards the battering engines: celeriter vineis ad oppidum actis,
pushed forwards, up, Caes. B. G. 2, 12 Herz.; so id. ib. 3, 21; 7, 17; id. B. C. 2, 1; Liv. 8, 16:
accelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci,
Verg. A. 9, 505 al.:
fugere colles campique videntur, quos agimus praeter navem, i. e. praeter quos agimus navem,
Lucr. 4, 391:
in litus passim naves egerunt,
drove the ships ashore, Liv. 22, 19:
ratem in amnem,
Ov. F. 1, 500:
naves in advorsum amnem,
Tac. H. 4, 22.— Poet.: agere navem, to steer or direct a ship, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 114; so,
agere currum,
to drive a chariot, Ov. M. 2, 62; 2, 388 al.—
F.
To stir up, to throw out, excite, cause, bring forth (mostly poet.):
scintillasque agere ac late differre favillam,
to throw out sparks and scatter ashes far around, Lucr. 2, 675:
spumas ore,
Verg. G. 3, 203; so Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66:
piceum Flumen agit,
Verg. A. 9, 814:
qui vocem cubantes sensim excitant, eandemque cum egerunt, etc.,
when they have brought it forth, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —Hence, animam agere, to expel the breath of life, give up the ghost, expire:
agens animam spumat,
Lucr. 3, 493:
anhelans vaga vadit, animam agens,
Cat. 63, 31:
nam et agere animam et efflare dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:
Hortensius, cum has litteras scripsi, animam agebat,
id. Fam. 8, 13, 2; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:
eodem tempore et gestum et animam ageres,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 8:
Est tanti habere animam ut agam?
Sen. Ep. 101, 12; and with a play upon words: semper agis causas et res agis, Attale, semper. Est, non est, quod agas, Attale, semper agis. Si res et causae desunt, agis, Attale, mulas;
Attale, ne quod agas desit, agas animam,
Mart. 1, 80.—
G.
Of plants, to put forth or out, to shoot, extend:
(salices) gemmas agunt,
Varr. R. R. 1, 30:
florem agere coeperit ficus,
Col. R. R. 5, 10, 10:
frondem agere,
Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 45:
se ad auras palmes agit,
Verg. G. 2, 364:
(platanum) radices trium et triginta cubitorum egisse,
Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 15:
per glebas sensim radicibus actis,
Ov. M. 4, 254; so id. ib. 2, 583:
robora suas radices in profundum agunt,
Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 127.—Metaph.:
vera gloria radices agit,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
pluma in cutem radices egerat imas,
Ov. M. 2, 582.
II.
Trop.
A.
Spec., to guide, govern:
Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur,
Verg. A. 1, 574; cf. Forbig. ad h. 1., who considers it the only instance of this use, and compares a similar use of agô; v. L. and S. s. v. II. 2.—
B.
In gen., to move, impel, excite, urge to a thing, to prompt or induce to:
si quis ad illa deus te agat,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 24:
una plaga ceteros ad certamen egit,
Liv. 9, 41; 8, 7; 39, 15: quae te, germane, furentem Mens agit in facinus? Ov. M. 5, 14:
totis mentibus acta,
Sil. 10, 191:
in furorem agere,
Quint. 6, 1, 31:
si Agricola in ipsam gloriam praeceps agebatur,
Tac. Agr. 41:
provinciam avaritia in bellum egerat,
id. A. 14, 32.—
C.
To drive, stir up, excite, agitate, rouse vehemently (cf. agito, II.):
me amor fugat, agit,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 8:
agunt eum praecipitem poenae civium Romanorum,
Cic. Verr. 1, 3:
perpetua naturalis bonitas, quae nullis casibus neque agitur neque minuitur,
Nep. Att. 9, 1 Brem.:
opportunitas, quae etiam mediocres viros spe praedae transvorsos agit,
i. e. leads astray, Sall. J. 6, 3; 14, 20; so Sen. Ep. 8, 3.— To pursue with hostile intent, to persecute, disturb, vex, to attack, assail (for the usu. agitare; mostly poet.):
reginam Alecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi,
Verg. A. 7, 405:
non res et agentia (i. e. agitantia, vexantia) verba Lycamben,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25:
acerba fata Romanos agunt,
id. Epod 7, 17:
diris agam vos,
id. ib. 5, 89:
quam deus ultor agebat,
Ov. M. 14, 750:
futurae mortis agor stimulis,
Luc. 4, 517; cf. Matth. ad Cic. Mur. § 21.—
D.
To drive at something, to pursue a course of action, i. e. to make something an object of action; either in the most general sense, like the Engl. do and the Gr. prattein, for every kind of mental or physical employment; or, in a more restricted sense, to exhibit in external action, to act or perform, to deliver or pronounce, etc., so that after the act is completed nothing remains permanent, e. g. a speech, dance, play, etc. (while facere, to make, poiein, denotes the production of an object which continues to exist after the act is completed; and gerere, the performance of the duties of an office or calling).—On these significations, v. Varr. 6, 6, 62, and 6, 7, 64, and 6, 8, 72.—For the more restricted signif. v. Quint. 2, 18, 1 sq.; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 7, 12; Hab. Syn. 426.
1.
In the most gen. signif., to do, act, labor, in opp. to rest or idleness.
a.
With the gen. objects, aliquid, nihil, plus, etc.:
numquam se plus agere quam nihil cum ageret,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17 (cf. with this, id. Off. 3, 1: numquam se minus otiosum esse quam cum otiosus esset): mihi, qui nihil agit, esse omnino non videtur. id. N. D. 2, 16, 46:
post satietatem nihil (est) agendum,
Cels. 1, 2.—Hence,
b.
Without object:
aliud agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi,
Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132; Juv. 16, 49:
agendi tempora,
Tac. H. 3, 40:
industria in agendo, celeritas in conficiendo,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 29.—
c.
In colloquial lang., to do, to fare, get on: quid agis? what are you doing? M. Tulli, quid agis? Cic. Cat. 1, 11:
Quid agis?
What's your business? Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 9; also, How goes it with you? How are you? ti pratteis, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 20; Cic. Fam. 7, 11 al.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 4:
vereor, quid agat,
how he is, Cic. Att. 9, 17:
ut sciatis, quid agam,
Vulg. Ephes. 6, 21:
prospere agit anima tua,
fares well, ib. 3 Joan. 2:
quid agitur?
how goes it with you? how do you do? how are you? Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17; 1, 5, 42; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:
Quid intus agitur?
is going on, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 20; id. Ps. 1, 5, 42 al.—
d.
With nihil or non multum, to do, i. e. to effect, accomplish, achieve nothing, or not much (orig. belonging to colloquial lang., but in the class. per. even in oratorical and poet. style): nihil agit;
collum obstringe homini,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 29:
nihil agis,
you effect nothing, it is of no use, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12:
nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61 Kuhn.; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 10: cupis, inquit, abire; sed nihil agis;
usque tenebo,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 15:
[nihil agis,] nihil assequeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15 B. and K.:
ubi blanditiis agitur nihil,
Ov. M. 6, 685: egerit non multum, has not done much, Curt. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29; cf. Ruhnk. ad Rutil. Lup. p. 120.—
e.
In certain circumstances, to proceed, do, act, manage (mostly belonging to familiar style): Thr. Quid nunc agimus? Gn. Quin redimus, What shall we do now? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 41:
hei mihi! quid faciam? quid agam?
what shall I do? how shall I act? id. Ad. 5, 3, 3:
quid agam, habeo,
id. And. 3, 2, 18 (= quid respondeam habeo, Don.) al.:
sed ita quidam agebat,
was so acting, Cic. Lig. 7, 21: a Burro minaciter actum, Burrus [p. 75] proceeded to threats, Tac. A. 13, 21.—
2.
To pursue, do, perform, transact (the most usual signif. of this word; in all periods; syn.: facere, efficere, transigere, gerere, tractare, curare): cui quod agat institutumst nullo negotio id agit, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 254 Vahl.): ut quae egi, ago, axim, verruncent bene, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 114 Rib.):
At nihil est, nisi, dum calet, hoc agitur,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 92:
Ut id agam, quod missus huc sum,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 44: homines quae agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea si cui in somno accidunt, minus mirum est, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:
observabo quam rem agat,
what he is going to do, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 114:
Id quidem ago,
That is what I am doing, Verg. E. 9, 37:
res vera agitur,
Juv. 4, 35:
Jam tempus agires,
Verg. A. 5, 638:
utilis rebus agendis,
Juv. 14, 72:
grassator ferro agit rem,
does the business with a dagger, id. 3, 305; 6, 659 (cf.:
gladiis geritur res,
Liv. 9, 41):
nihil ego nunc de istac re ago,
do nothing about that matter, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8:
postquam id actumst,
after this is accomplished, id. Am. 1, 1, 72; so,
sed quid actumst?
id. Ps. 2, 4, 20:
nihil aliud agebam nisi eum defenderem,
Cic. Sull. 12:
ne quid temere ac fortuitu, inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,
id. Off. 1, 29:
agamus quod instat,
Verg. E. 9, 66:
renuntiaverunt ei omnia, quae egerant,
Vulg. Marc. 6, 30; ib. Act. 5, 35:
suum negotium agere,
to mind one's business, attend to one's own affairs, Cic. Off. 1, 9; id. de Or. 3, 55, 211; so,
ut vestrum negotium agatis,
Vulg. 1 Thess. 4, 11:
neque satis Bruto constabat, quid agerent,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14:
postquam res in Africa gestas, quoque modo actae forent, fama divolgavit,
Sall. J. 30, 1:
sed tu delibera, utrum colloqui malis an per litteras agere quae cogitas,
Nep. Con. 3, 8 al. —With the spec. idea of completing, finishing: jucundi acti labores, a proverb in Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105.—
3.
To pursue in one's mind, to drive at, to revolve, to be occupied with, think upon, have in view, aim at (cf. agito, II. E., volvo and voluto):
nescio quid mens mea majus agit,
Ov. H. 12, 212:
hoc variis mens ipsa modis agit,
Val. Fl. 3, 392:
agere fratri proditionem,
Tac. H. 2, 26:
de intranda Britannia,
id. Agr. 13.—
4.
With a verbal subst., as a favorite circumlocution for the action indicated by the subst. (cf. in Gr. agô with verbal subst.):
rimas agere (sometimes ducere),
to open in cracks, fissures, to crack, Cic. Att. 14, 9; Ov. M. 2, 211; Luc. 6, 728: vos qui regalis corporis custodias agitis, keep watch over, guard, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1; so Liv. 5, 10:
vigilias agere,
Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 93; Nep. Thras. 4; Tac. H. 3, 76:
excubias alicui,
Ov. F. 3, 245:
excubias,
Tac. H. 4, 58:
pervigilium,
Suet. Vit. 10:
stationem agere,
to keep guard, Liv. 35, 29; Tac. H. 1, 28:
triumphum agere,
to triumph, Cic. Fam. 3, 10; Ov. M. 15, 757; Suet. Dom. 6:
libera arbitria agere,
to make free decisions, to decide arbitrarily, Liv. 24, 45; Curt. 6, 1, 19; 8, 1, 4:
paenitentiam agere,
to exercise repentance, to repent, Quint. 9, 3, 12; Petr. S. 132; Tac. Or. 15; Curt. 8, 6, 23; Plin. Ep. 7, 10; Vulg. Lev. 5, 5; ib. Matt. 3, 2; ib. Apoc. 2, 5:
silentia agere,
to maintain silence, Ov. M. 1, 349:
pacem agere,
Juv. 15, 163:
crimen agere,
to bring accusation, to accuse, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48:
laborem agere,
id. Fin. 2, 32:
cursus agere,
Ov. Am. 3, 6, 95:
delectum agere,
to make choice, to choose, Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 107; Quint. 10, 4, 5:
experimenta agere,
Liv. 9, 14; Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
mensuram,
id. 15, 3, 4, § 14:
curam agere,
to care for, Ov. H. 15, 302; Quint. 8, prooem. 18:
curam ejus egit,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 34:
oblivia agere,
to forget, Ov. M. 12, 540:
nugas agere,
to trifle, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 29; id. As. 1, 1, 78, and often:
officinas agere,
to keep shop, Inscr. Orell. 4266.—So esp.: agere gratias ( poet. grates; never in sing. gratiam), to give thanks, to thank; Gr. charin echein ( habere gratiam is to be or feel grateful; Gr. charin eidenai; and referre gratiam, to return a favor, requite; Gr. charin apodidonai; cf. Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 7):
diis gratias pro meritis agere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26:
Haud male agit gratias,
id. Aul. 4, 4, 31:
Magnas vero agere gratias Thais mihi?
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 1:
Dis magnas merito gratias habeo atque ago,
id. Phorm. 5, 6, 80: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter, Cic. Fam. 1, 10: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam;
nam relaturum me adfirmare non possum,
id. ib. 10, 11, 1: maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus, C. Caesar;
majores etiam habemus,
id. Marcell. 11, 33:
Trebatio magnas ago gratias, quod, etc.,
id. Fam. 11, 28, 8: renuntiate gratias regi me agere;
referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque, reliqui Caelites, * Cic. Rep. 6, 9:
gaudet et invito grates agit inde parenti,
Ov. M. 2, 152; so id. ib. 6, 435; 484; 10, 291; 681; 14, 596; Vulg. 2 Reg. 8, 10; ib. Matt. 15, 36 al.;
and in connection with this, laudes agere: Jovis fratri laudes ago et grates gratiasque habeo,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 2:
Dianae laudes gratesque agam,
id. Mil. 2, 5, 2; so,
diis immortalibus laudesque et grates egit,
Liv. 26, 48:
agi sibi gratias passus est,
Tac. Agr. 42; so id. H. 2, 71; 4, 51; id. A. 13, 21; but oftener grates or gratis in Tac.:
Tiberius egit gratis benevolentiae patrum, A. 6, 2: agit grates,
id. H. 3, 80; 4, 64; id. A. 2, 38; 2, 86; 3, 18; 3, 24; 4, 15 al.—
5.
Of time, to pass, spend (very freq. and class.): Romulus in caelo cum dis agit aevom, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28; so Pac. id. ib. 2, 21, 49, and Hor. S. 1, 5, 101:
tempus,
Tac. H. 4, 62; id. A. 3, 16: domi aetatem, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6:
aetatem in litteris,
Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:
senectutem,
id. Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 17, 60:
dies festos,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Tac. G. 17:
otia secura,
Verg. G. 3, 377; Ov. F. 1, 68; 4, 926:
ruri agere vitam,
Liv. 7, 39, and Tac. A. 15, 63:
vitam in terris,
Verg. G. 2, 538:
tranquillam vitam agere,
Vulg. 1 Tim. 2, 2:
Hunc (diem) agerem si,
Verg. A. 5, 51:
ver magnus agebat Orbis,
id. G. 2, 338:
aestiva agere,
to pass, be in, summer quarters, Liv. 27, 8; 27, 21; Curt. 5, 8, 24.— Pass.:
menses jam tibi esse actos vides,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 2:
mensis agitur hic septimus,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 34, and Ov. M. 7, 700:
melior pars acta (est) diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156; Juv. 4, 66; Tac. A. 15, 63:
acta est per lacrimas nox,
Ov. H. 12, 58 Ruhnk.:
tunc principium anni agebatur,
Liv. 3, 6:
actis quindecim annis in regno,
Just. 41, 5, 9:
Nona aetas agitur,
Juv. 13, 28 al. —With annus and an ordinal, to be of a certain age, to be so old:
quartum annum ago et octogesimum,
am eighty-four years old, Cic. Sen. 10, 32:
Annum agens sextum decimum patrem amisit,
Suet. Caes. 1.—Metaph.: sescentesimum et quadragesimum annum urbs nostra agebat, was in its 640 th year, Tac. G. 37.— Hence also absol. (rare), to pass or spend time, to live, to be, to be somewhere:
civitas laeta agere,
was joyful, Sall. J. 55, 2:
tum Marius apud primos agebat,
id. ib. 101, 6:
in Africa, qua procul a mari incultius agebatur,
id. ib. 89, 7:
apud illos homines, qui tum agebant,
Tac. A. 3, 19:
Thracia discors agebat,
id. ib. 3, 38:
Juxta Hermunduros Naristi agunt,
Tac. G. 42:
ultra jugum plurimae gentes agunt,
id. ib. 43:
Gallos trans Padum agentes,
id. H. 3, 34:
quibus (annis) exul Rhodi agit,
id. A. 1, 4:
agere inter homines desinere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
Vitellius non in ore volgi agere,
was not in the sight of the people, id. H. 3, 36:
ante aciem agere,
id. G. 7; and:
in armis agere,
id. A. 14, 55 = versari.—
6.
In the lang. of offerings, t. t., to despatch the victim, to kill, slay. In performing this rite, the sacrificer asked the priest, agone, shall I do it? and the latter answered, age or hoc age, do it:
qui calido strictos tincturus sanguine cultros semper, Agone? rogat, nec nisi jussus agit,
Ov. F. 1. 321 (cf. agonia and agonalia):
a tergo Chaeream cervicem (Caligulae) gladio caesim graviter percussisse, praemissa voce,
hoc age, Suet. Calig. 58; id. Galb. 20. —This call of the priest in act of solemn sacrifice, Hoc age, warned the assembled multitude to be quiet and give attention; hence hoc or id and sometimes haec or istuc agere was used for, to give attention to, to attend to, to mind, heed; and followed by ut or ne, to pursue a thing, have it in view, aim at, design, etc.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 1, 2, 15, and Suet. Calig. 58: hoc agite, Plaut. As. prol. init.:
Hoc age,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 152; id. Ep. 1, 6, 31:
Hoc agite, of poetry,
Juv. 7, 20:
hoc agamus,
Sen. Clem. 1, 12:
haec agamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49:
agere hoc possumus,
Lucr. 1, 41; 4, 969; Juv. 7, 48:
hoccine agis an non? hoc agam,
id. ib., Ter. And. 1, 2, 15; 2, 5, 4:
nunc istuc age,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 3 al.:
Hoc egit civis Romanus ante te nemo,
Cic. Lig. 4, 11:
id et agunt et moliuntur,
id. Mur. 38:
(oculi, aures, etc.) quasi fenestrae sunt animi, quibus tamen sentire nihil queat mens, nisi id agat et adsit,
id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: qui id egerunt, ut gentem... collocarent, aimed at this, that, etc., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12:
qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
keep it in view, that, id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?
id. Lig. 6, 18:
Hoc agit, ut doleas,
Juv. 5, 157:
Hoc age, ne mutata retrorsum te ferat aura,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 88:
Quid tuus ille destrictus gladius agebat?
have in view, mean, Cic. Leg. 3, 9:
Quid aliud egimus nisi ut, quod hic potest, nos possemus?
id. ib. 4, 10:
Sin autem id actum est, ut homines postremi pecuniis alienis locupletarentur,
id. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:
certiorem eum fecit, id agi, ut pons dissolveretur,
Nep. Them. 5, 1:
ego id semper egi, ne bellis interessem,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7.—Also, the opp.: alias res or aliud agere, not to attend to, heed, or observe, to pursue secondary or subordinate objects: Ch. Alias res agis. Pa. Istuc ago equidem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 57; id. Hec. 5, 3, 28:
usque eo animadverti eum jocari atque alias res agere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22:
atqui vides, quam alias res agamus,
id. de Or. 3, 14, 51; id. Brut. 66, 233:
aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodi cogitans,
id. Clu. 64.—
7.
In relation to public affairs, to conduct, manage, carry on, administer: agere bellum, to carry on or wage war (embracing the whole theory and practice of war, while bellum gerere designates the bodily and mental effort, and the bearing of the necessary burdens; and bellum facere, the actual outbreak of hostile feelings, v. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 28):
qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum agere instituerunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Antiochus si tam in agendo bello parere voluisset consiliis ejus (Hannibalis) quam in suscipiendo instituerat, etc.,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3; Curt. 4, 10, 29:
aliena bella mercedibus agere,
Mel. 1, 16:
Bellaque non puero tractat agenda puer,
Ov. A. A. 1, 182 (also in id. Tr. 2, 230, Gron. Observ. 2, 3, 227, for the usu. obit, with one MS., reads agit; so Merkel).— Poet.:
Martem for bellum,
Luc. 4, 2: agere proelium, to give battle (very rare):
levibus proeliis cum Gallis actis,
Liv. 22, 9.—Of offices, employments, etc., to conduct, exercise, administer, hold:
forum agere,
to hold court, Cic. Fam. 8, 6; and:
conventus agere,
to hold the assizes, id. Verr. 5, 11, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 54; 6, 44;
used of the governors of provinces: judicium agere,
Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:
vivorum coetus agere,
to make assemblies of, to assemble, Tac. A. 16, 34:
censum agere,
Liv. 3, 22; Tac. A. 14, 46; Suet. Aug. 27:
recensum agere,
id. Caes. 41:
potestatem agere,
Flor. 1, 7, 2:
honorem agere,
Liv. 8, 26:
regnum,
Flor. 1, 6, 2:
rem publicam,
Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 8:
consulatum,
Quint. 12, 1, 16:
praefecturam,
Suet. Tib. 6:
centurionatum,
Tac. A. 1, 44:
senatum,
Suet. Caes. 88:
fiscum agere,
to have charge of the treasury, id. Dom. 12:
publicum agere,
to collect the taxes, id. Vesp. 1:
inquisitionem agere,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
curam alicujus rei agere,
to have the management of, to manage, Liv. 6, 15; Suet. Claud. 18:
rei publicae curationem agens,
Liv. 4, 13: dilectum agere, to make a levy, to levy (postAug. for dilectum habere, Cic., Caes., Sall.), Quint. 12, 3, 5; Tac. A. 2, 16; id. Agr. 7 and 10; id. H. 2, 16, 12; Suet. Calig. 43. —
8.
Of civil and political transactions in the senate, the forum, before tribunals of justice, etc., to manage or transact, to do, to discuss, plead, speak, deliberate; constr. aliquid or de aliqua re:
velim recordere, quae ego de te in senatu egerim, quae in contionibus dixerim,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2; 1, 9:
de condicionibus pacis,
Liv. 8, 37:
de summa re publica,
Suet. Caes. 28:
cum de Catilinae conjuratione ageretur in curia,
id. Aug. 94:
de poena alicujus,
Liv. 5, 36:
de agro plebis,
id. 1, 46.—Hence the phrase: agere cum populo, of magistrates, to address the people in a public assembly, for the purpose of obtaining their approval or rejection of a thing (while [p. 76] agere ad populum signifies to propose, to bring before the people):
cum populo agere est rogare quid populum, quod suffragiis suis aut jubeat aut vetet,
Gell. 13, 15, 10:
agere cum populo de re publica,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 12; id. Lael. 25, 96:
neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat neve cum populo agat,
Sall. C. 51, 43.—So also absol.:
hic locus (rostra) ad agendum amplissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1:
Metellus cum agere coepisset, tertio quoque verbo orationis suae me appellabat,
id. Fam. 5, 2.— Transf. to common life.
a.
Agere cum aliquo, de aliquo or re or ut, to treat, deal, negotiate, confer, talk with one about a person or thing; to endeavor to persuade or move one, that, etc.: nihil age tecum (sc. cum odore vini);
ubi est ipsus (vini lepos)?
I have nothing to do with you, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 11:
Quae (patria) tecum, Catilina, sic agit,
thus pleads, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 18:
algae Inquisitores agerent cum remige nudo,
Juv. 4, 49:
haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant,
thus treated together, Verg. A. 11, 445:
de quo et praesens tecum egi diligenter, et scripsi ad te accurate antea,
Cic. Fam. 13, 75:
egi cum Claudia et cum vestra sorore Mucia, ut eum ab illa injuria deterrerent,
id. ib. 5, 2:
misi ad Metellum communes amicos, qui agerent cum eo, ut de illa mente desisteret,
id. ib. 5, 2:
Callias quidam egit cum Cimone, ut eam (Elpinicen) sibi uxorem daret,
Nep. Cim. 1, 3.—Also absol.:
Alcibiades praesente vulgo agere coepit,
Nep. Alc. 8, 2:
si qua Caesares obtinendae Armeniae egerant,
Tac. A. 15, 14:
ut Lucretius agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,
Liv. 2, 2.—In Suet. once agere cum senatu, with acc. and inf., to propose or state to the Senate:
Tiberius egit cum senatu non debere talia praemia tribui,
Suet. Tib. 54.—
b.
With the advv. bene, praeclare, male, etc., to deal well or ill with one, to treat or use well or ill:
facile est bene agere cum eis, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 14, 11:
bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade, si, etc.,
Val. Max. 5, 3, 3 ext.; Vulg. Jud. 9, 16:
praeclare cum aliquo agere,
Cic. Sest. 23:
Male agis mecum,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 21:
qui cum creditoribus suis male agat,
Cic. Quinct. 84; and:
tu contra me male agis,
Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—Freq. in pass., to be or go well or ill with one, to be well or badly off:
intelleget secum actum esse pessime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50:
praeclare mecum actum puto,
id. Fam. 9, 24; so id. ib. 5, 18: exstat cujusdam non inscitus jocus bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si Domitius pater talem habuisset uxorem, it would have gone well with human affairs, been well for mankind, if, etc., Suet. Ner. 28.—Also absol. without cum: agitur praeclare, si nosmet ipsos regere possumus, it is well done if, etc., it is a splendid thing if, etc., Cic. Fam. 4, 14:
vivitur cum eis, in quibus praeclare agitur si sunt simulacra virtutis,
id. Off. 1, 15:
bene agitur pro noxia,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—
9.
Of transactions before a court or tribunal.
a.
Aliquid agere ex jure, ex syngrapha, ex sponso, or simply the abl. jure, lege, litibus, obsignatis tabellis, causa, to bring an action or suit, to manage a cause, to plead a case:
ex jure civili et praetorio agere,
Cic. Caecin. 12:
tamquam ex syngrapha agere cum populo,
to litigate, id. Mur. 17:
ex sponso egit,
id. Quint. 9: Ph. Una injuriast Tecum. Ch. Lege agito ergo, Go to law, then, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90:
agere lege in hereditatem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175; Ov. F. 1, 48; Liv. 9, 46:
cum illo se lege agere dicebat,
Nep. Tim. 5: summo jure agere, to assert or claim one's right to the full extent of the law, Cic. Off. 1, 11:
non enim gladiis mecum, sed litibus agetur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 4:
causa quam vi agere malle,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
tabellis obsignatis agis mecum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:
Jure, ut opinor, agat, jure increpet inciletque,
with right would bring her charge, Lucr. 3, 963; so,
Castrensis jurisdictio plura manu agens,
settles more cases by force, Tac. Agr. 9:
ubi manu agitur,
when the case is settled by violent hands, id. G. 36.—
b.
Causam or rem agere, to try or plead a case; with apud, ad, or absol.:
causam apud centumviros egit,
Cic. Caecin. 24:
Caesar cum ageret apud censores,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10; so with adversus:
egi causam adversus magistratus,
Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 11:
orator agere dicitur causam,
Varr. L. L. 6, 42: causam isto modo agere, Cic. Lig. 4, 10; Tac. Or. 5; 11; 14; Juv. 2, 51; 14, 132:
agit causas liberales,
Cic. Fam. 8, 9: qui ad rem agendam adsunt, M. Cael. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 51:
cum (M. Tullius) et ipsam se rem agere diceret,
Quint. 12, 10, 45: Gripe, accede huc;
tua res agitur,
is being tried, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 104; Quint. 8, 3, 13;
and extra-judicially: rogo ad Caesarem meam causam agas,
Cic. Fam. 5, 10:
Una (factio) populi causam agebat, altera optimatum,
Nep. Phoc. 3; so, agere, absol., to plead' ad judicem sic agi solet, Cic. Lig. 10:
tam solute agere, tam leniter,
id. Brut. 80:
tu istuc nisi fingeres, sic ageres?
id. ib. 80; Juv. 7, 143 and 144; 14, 32.— Transf. to common life; with de or acc., to discuss, treat, speak of:
Sed estne hic ipsus, de quo agebam?
of whom I was speaking, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53:
causa non solum exponenda, sed etiam graviter copioseque agenda est,
to be discussed, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37:
Samnitium bella, quae agimus,
are treating of, Liv. 10, 31.—Hence,
c.
Agere aliquem reum, to proceed against one as accused, to accuse one, Liv. 4, 42; 24, 25; Tac. A. 14, 18:
reus agitur,
id. ib. 15, 20; 3, 13; and with the gen. of the crime, with which one is charged:
agere furti,
to accuse of theft, Cic. Fam. 7, 22:
adulterii cum aliquo,
Quint. 4, 4, 8:
injuriarum,
id. 3, 6, 19; and often in the Pandects.—
d.
Pass. of the thing which is the subject of accusation, to be in suit or in question; it concerns or affects, is about, etc.:
non nunc pecunia, sed illud agitur, quomodo, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 67:
non capitis ei res agitur, sed pecuniae,
the point in dispute, id. Phorm. 4, 3, 26:
aguntur injuriae sociorum, agitur vis legum, agitur existimatio, veritasque judiciorum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:
si magna res, magna hereditas agetur,
id. Fin. 2, 17: qua de re agitur, what the point of dispute or litigation is, id. Brut. 79.—Hence, trop.,
(α).
Res agitur, the case is on trial, i. e. something is at stake or at hazard, in peril, or in danger:
at nos, quarum res agitur, aliter auctores sumus,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 72:
quasi istic mea res minor agatur quam tua,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113:
agitur populi Romani gloria, agitur salus sociorum atque amicorum, aguntur certissima populi Romani vectigalia et maxima, aguntur bona multorum civium,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:
in quibus eorum aut caput agatur aut fama,
id. Lael. 17, 61; Nep. Att. 15, 2:
non libertas solum agebatur,
Liv. 28, 19; Sen. Clem. 1, 20 al.:
nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84 (= in periculo versatur, Lambin.):
agitur pars tertia mundi,
is at stake, I am in danger of losing, Ov. M. 5, 372.—
(β).
Res acta est, the case is over (and done for): acta haec res est;
perii,
this matter is ended, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3: hence, actum est de aliquo or aliqua re, it is all over with a person or thing:
actum hodie est de me,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63:
jam de Servio actum,
Liv. 1, 47:
actum est de collo meo,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 4, 194.—So also absol.: actumst;
ilicet me infelicem,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 17:
si animus hominem pepulit, actumst,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 27; Ter. And. 3, 1, 7; Cic. Att. 5, 15:
actumst, ilicet, peristi,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 9: periimus;
actumst,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 3.—
(γ).
Rem actam agere, to plead a case already finished, i. e. to act to no purpose:
rem actam agis,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 27; id. Cist. 4, 2, 36; Liv. 28, 40; so,
actum or acta agere: actum, aiunt, ne agas,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Att. 9, 18:
acta agimus,
id. Am. 22.—
10.
To represent by external action, to perform, pronounce, deliver, etc.
a.
Of an orator, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 79:
quae sic ab illo acta esse constabat oculis, voce, gestu, inimici ut lacrimas tenere non possent,
id. ib. 3, 56, 214:
agere fortius et audentius volo,
Tac. Or. 18; 39.—
b.
Of an actor, to represent, play, act:
Ipse hanc acturust Juppiter comoediam,
Plaut. Am. prol. 88; so,
fabulam,
Ter. Ad. prol. 12; id. Hec. prol. 22:
dum haec agitur fabula,
Plaut. Men. prol. 72 al.:
partis,
to have a part in a play, Ter. Phorm. prol. 27:
Ballionem illum cum agit, agit Chaeream,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7:
gestum agere in scaena,
id. de Or. 2, 57:
dicitur canticum egisse aliquanto magis vigente motu,
Liv. 7, 2 al. — Transf. to other relations, to represent or personate one, to act the part of, to act as, behave like: has partes lenitatis semper egi, Cic. Mur. 3:
egi illos omnes adulescentes, quos ille actitat,
id. Fam. 2, 9:
amicum imperatoris,
Tac. H. 1, 30:
exulem,
id. A. 1, 4:
socium magis imperii quam ministrum,
id. H. 2, 83:
senatorem,
Tac. A. 16, 28.—So of things poetically:
utrinque prora frontem agit,
serves as a bow, Tac. G. 44.—
11.
Se agere = se gerere, to carry one's self, to behave, deport one's self:
tanta mobilitate sese Numidae agunt,
Sall. J. 56, 5:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint,
Tac. H. 3, 2 Halm:
qui se pro equitibus Romanis agerent,
Suet. Claud. 25:
non principem se, sed ministrum egit,
id. ib. 29:
neglegenter se et avare agere,
Eutr. 6, 9:
prudenter se agebat,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5:
sapienter se agebat,
ib. 4 Reg. 18, 7. —Also absol.:
seditiose,
Tac. Agr. 7:
facile justeque,
id. ib. 9:
superbe,
id. H. 2, 27:
ex aequo,
id. ib. 4, 64:
anxius et intentus agebat,
id. Agr. 5.—
12.
Imper.: age, agite, Ter., Tib., Lucr., Hor., Ov., never using agite, and Catull. never age, with which compare the Gr. age, agete (also accompanied by the particles dum, eia, en, ergo, igitur, jam, modo, nuncjam, porro, quare, quin, sane, vero, verum, and by sis); as an exclamation.
a.
In encouragement, exhortation, come! come on! (old Engl. go to!) up! on! quick! (cf. I. B. fin.).
(α).
In the sing.:
age, adsta, mane, audi, Enn. ap. Delr. Synt. 1, 99: age i tu secundum,
come, follow me! Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 1:
age, perge, quaeso,
id. Cist. 2, 3, 12:
age, da veniam filio,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14:
age, age, nunc experiamur,
id. ib. 5, 4, 23:
age sis tu... delude,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 89; id. Ep. 3, 4, 39; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 16:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint, agedum eam solve cistulam,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 151; id. Capt. 3, 4, 39:
Agedum vicissim dic,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Eun. 4, 4, 27:
agedum humanis concede,
Lucr. 3, 962:
age modo hodie sero,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103:
age nuncjam,
id. And. 5, 2, 25:
En age, quid cessas,
Tib. 2, 2, 10:
Quare age,
Verg. A. 7, 429:
Verum age,
id. ib. 12, 832:
Quin age,
id. G. 4, 329:
en, age, Rumpe moras,
id. ib. 3, 43:
eia age,
id. A. 4, 569.—
(β).
In the plur.:
agite, pugni,
up, fists, and at 'em! Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 146:
agite bibite,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 1, 3, 68:
agite in modum dicite,
Cat. 61, 38:
Quare agite... conjungite,
id. 64, 372; Verg. A. 1, 627:
vos agite... volvite,
Val. Fl. 3, 311:
agite nunc, divites, plorate,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 1:
agitedum,
Liv. 3, 62.—Also age in the sing., with a verb in the plur. (cf. age tamnete, Hom. Od. 3, 332; age dê trapeiomen, id. Il. 3, 441):
age igitur, intro abite,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:
En agedum convertite,
Prop. 1, 1, 21:
mittite, agedum, legatos,
Liv. 38, 47:
Ite age,
Stat. Th. 10, 33:
Huc age adeste,
Sil. 11, 169.—
b.
In transitions in discourse, well then! well now! well! (esp. in Cic. Or. very freq.). So in Plaut. for resuming discourse that has been interrupted: age, tu interea huic somnium narra, Curc. 2, 2, 5: nunc age, res quoniam docui non posse creari, etc., well now, since I have taught, etc., Lucr. 1, 266:
nunc age, quod superest, cognosce et clarius audi,
id. 1, 920; so id. 1, 952; 2, 62; 333; 730; 3, 418;
4, 109 al.: age porro, tu, qui existimari te voluisti interpretem foederum, cur, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22; so id. Rosc. Am. 16; id. Part. 12; id. Att. 8, 3.—And age (as in a.) with a verb in the plur.:
age vero, ceteris in rebus qualis sit temperantia considerate,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14; so id. Sull. 26; id. Mil. 21; id. Rosc. Am. 37.—
c.
As a sign of assent, well! very well! good! right! Age, age, mansero, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 61: age, age, jam ducat;
dabo,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 57:
Age, veniam,
id. And. 4, 2, 30:
age, sit ita factum,
Cic. Mil. 19:
age sane,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 27; Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119.
► Position.
—Age, used with another verb in the imperative, regularly stands before it, but in poetry, for the sake of the metre, it,
I.
Sometimes follows such verb; as,
a.
In dactylic metre:
Cede agedum,
Prop. 5, 9, 54:
Dic age,
Verg. A. 6, 343; Hor. S. 2, 7, 92; Ov. F. 1, 149:
Esto age,
Pers. 2, 42:
Fare age,
Verg. A. 3, 362:
Finge age,
Ov. H. 7, 65:
Redde age,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 80:
Surge age,
Verg. A. 3, 169; 8, 59; 10, 241; Ov. H. 14, 73:
Vade age,
Verg. A. 3, 462; 4, 422; so,
agite: Ite agite,
Prop. 4, 3, 7.—
b.
In other metres (very rarely):
appropera age,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 38:
dic age,
Hor. C. 1, [p. 77] 32, 3; 2, 11, 22;
3, 4, 1.—So also in prose (very rarely): Mittite agedum,
Liv. 38, 47:
procedat agedum ad pugnam,
id. 7, 9.—
II.
It is often separated from such verb:
age me huc adspice,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 118; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:
Age... instiga,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 10; 5, 6, 11:
Quare agite... conjungite,
Cat. 64, 372:
Huc age... veni,
Tib. 2, 5, 2:
Ergo age cervici imponere nostrae,
Verg. A. 2, 707:
en age segnis Rumpe moras,
id. G. 3, 42:
age te procellae Crede,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 62:
Age jam... condisce,
id. ib. 4, 11, 31; id. S. 2, 7, 4.—Hence,
1.
ăgens, entis, P. a.
A.
Adj.
1.
Efficient, effective, powerful (only in the rhet. lang. of Cic.):
utendum est imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358:
acre orator, incensus et agens,
id. Brut. 92, 317.— Comp. and sup. not used.
► 2.
Agentia verba, in the grammarians, for verba activa, Gell. 18, 12.—
B.
Subst.: ăgentes, ium.
a.
Under the emperors, a kind of secret police (also called frumentarii and curiosi), Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.; Dig. 1, 12; 1, 20; 21; 22; 23, etc.; Amm. 15, 3; 14, 11 al.—
b.
For agrimensores, land-surveyors, Hyg. Lim. p. 179.—
2.
actus, a, um, P. a. Lit., that has been transacted in the Senate, in the forum, before the courts of justice, etc.; hence,
A.
actum, i, n., a public transaction in the Senate, before the people, or before a single magistrate:
actum ejus, qui in re publica cum imperio versatus sit,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7:
acta Caesaris servanda censeo,
id. ib. 1, 7:
acta tui praeclari tribunatus,
id. Dom. 31.—
B.
acta publĭca, or absol.: acta, orum, n., the register of public acts, records, journal. Julius Caesar, in his consulship, ordered that the doings of the Senate (diurna acta) should be made public, Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Ernest. Exc. 1;
but Augustus again prohibited it,
Suet. Aug. 36. Still the acts of the Senate were written down, and, under the succeeding emperors. certain senators were appointed to this office (actis vel commentariis Senatus conficiendis), Tac. A. 5, 4. They had also public registers of the transactions of the assemblies of the people, and of the different courts of justice;
also of births and deaths, marriages, divorces, etc., which were preserved as sources of future history.—Hence, diurna urbis acta,
the city journal, Tac. A. 13, 31:
acta populi,
Suet. Caes. 20:
acta publica,
Tac. A. 12, 24; Suet. Tib. 8; Plin. Ep. 7, 33:
urbana,
id. ib. 9, 15; which were all comprehended under the gen. name acta.
1.
With the time added:
acta eorum temporum,
Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 60:
illius temporis,
Ascon. Mil. 44, 16:
ejus anni,
Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147.—
2.
Absol., Cic. Fam. 12, 8; 22, 1; 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 10; 3, 16; Suet. Calig. 8; Quint. 9, 3; Juv. 2, 136: Quis dabit historico, quantum daret acta legenti, i. e. to the actuarius, q. v., id. 7, 104; cf. Bahr's Rom. Lit. Gesch. 303.—
C.
acta triumphōrum, the public record of triumphs, fuller than the Fasti triumphales, Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 12.—
D.
acta fŏri (v. Inscr. Grut. 445, 10), the records,
a.
Of strictly historical transactions, Amm. 22, 3, 4; Dig. 4, 6, 33, § 1.—
b.
Of matters of private right, as wills, gifts, bonds (acta ad jus privatorum pertinentia, Dig. 49, 14, 45, § 4), Fragm. Vat. §§ 249, 266, 268, 317.—
E.
acta militarĭa, the daily records of the movements of a legion, Veg. R. R. 2, 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > acta fori
9 acta militaria

ăgo, egi, actum, 3, v. a. (axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. axitiosi, p. 3 Mull.;
axit = egerit,
Paul. Diac. 3, 3;
AGIER = agi,
Cic. Off. 3, 15;
agentum = agentium,
Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6) [cf. agô; Sanscr. ag, aghami = to go, to drive; agmas = way, train = ogmos; agis = race, contest = agôn; perh. also Germ. jagen, to drive, to hunt], to put in motion, to move (syn.: agitare, pellere, urgere).
I.
Lit.
A.
Of cattle and other animals, to lead, drive.
a.
Absol.: agas asellum, Seip. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 258:
jumenta agebat,
Liv. 1, 48:
capellas ago,
Verg. E. 1, 13:
Pars quia non veniant pecudes, sed agantur, ab actu etc.,
Ov. F. 1, 323:
caballum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 36.—
b.
With acc. of place, prep., sup., or inf.:
agere bovem Romam,
Curt. 1, 45:
equum in hostem,
id. 7, 4:
Germani in amnem aguntur,
Tac. H. 5, 21:
acto ad vallum equo,
id. A. 2, 13:
pecora per calles,
Curt. 7, 11:
per devia rura capellas,
Ov. M. 1, 676:
pecus pastum,
Varr. L. L. 6, 41, p. 88 Mull.:
capellas potum age,
Verg. E. 9, 23:
pecus egit altos Visere montes,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 7.—
B.
Of men, to drive, lead, conduct, impel.
a.
Absol.:
agmen agens equitum,
Verg. A. 7, 804.—
b.
With prep., abl., or inf.:
vinctum ante se Thyum agebat,
Nep. Dat. 3:
agitur praeceps exercitus Lydorum in populos,
Sil. 4, 720:
(adulteram) maritus per omnem vicum verbere agit,
Tac. G. 19; Suet. Calig. 27:
captivos prae se agentes,
Curt. 7, 6; Liv. 23, 1:
acti ante suum quisque praedonem catenati,
Quint. 8, 3, 69:
captivos sub curribus agere,
Mart. 8, 26:
agimur auguriis quaerere exilia,
Verg. A. 3, 5;
and simple for comp.: multis milibus armatorum actis ex ea regione = coactis,
Liv. 44, 31.— In prose: agi, to be led, to march, to go:
quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur,
Liv. 10, 29: si citius agi vellet agmen, that the army would move, or march on quicker, id. 2, 58:
raptim agmine acto,
id. 6, 28; so id. 23, 36; 25, 9.— Trop.:
egit sol hiemem sub terras,
Verg. G. 4, 51:
poemata dulcia sunto Et quocumque volent animum auditoris agunto,
lead the mind, Hor. A. P. 100. —Hence, poet.: se agere, to betake one's self, i. e. to go, to come (in Plaut. very freq.;
also in Ter., Verg., etc.): quo agis te?
where are you going? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 294:
unde agis te?
id. Most. 1, 4, 28; so id. ib. 3, 1, 31; id. Mil. 3, 2, 49; id. Poen. 1, 2, 120; id. Pers. 4, 3, 13; id. Trin. 4, 3, 71:
quo hinc te agis?
where are you going, Ter. And. 4, 2, 25:
Ecce gubernator sese Palinurus agebat,
was moving along, Verg. A. 6, 337:
Aeneas se matutinus agebat,
id. ib. 8, 465:
is enim se primus agebat,
for he strode on in front, id. ib. 9, 696.—Also without se:
Et tu, unde agis?
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 20:
Quo agis?
id. Pers. 2, 2, 34:
Huc age,
Tib. 2, 5, 2 (unless age is here to be taken with veni at the end of the line).—
C.
To drive or carry off (animals or men), to steal, rob, plunder (usually abigere):
Et redigunt actos in sua rura boves,
Ov. F. 3, 64.—So esp. freq. of men or animals taken as booty in war, while ferre is used of portable things; hence, ferre et agere (as in Gr. agein kai pherein, Hom. Il. 5, 484; and reversed, pherein kai agein, in Hdt. and Xen.; cf.:
rapiunt feruntque,
Verg. A. 2, 374:
rapere et auferre,
Cic. Off. 1, 14), in gen., to rob, to plunder: res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv. 22, 3:
ut ferri agique res suas viderunt,
id. 38, 15; so id. 3, 37;
so also: rapere agereque: ut ex alieno agro raperent agerentque,
Liv. 22, 1, 2; but portari atque agi means to bear and carry, to bring together, in Caes. B. C. 2, 29 (as pherein kai agein in Plat. Phaedr. 279, C):
ne pulcram praedam agat,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 3:
urbes, agros vastare, praedas agere,
Sall. J. 20, 8; 32, 3:
pecoris et mancipiorum praedas,
id. ib. 44, 5;
so eccl. Lat.: agere praedas de aliquo,
Vulg. Jud. 9, 16; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8; cf. Gron. Obs. 3, 22, 633.—
D.
To chase, pursue, press animals or men, to drive about or onwards in flight (for the usual agitare).
a.
Of animals:
apros,
Verg. G. 3, 412:
cervum,
id. A. 7, 481; cf. id. ib. 4, 71:
citos canes,
Ov. H. 5, 20:
feros tauros,
Suet. Claud. 21.—
b.
Of men:
ceteros ruerem, agerem,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21 (= prosequerer, premerem, Don.):
ita perterritos egerunt, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 4, 12:
Demoleos cursu palantis Troas agebat,
Verg. A. 5, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 574:
aliquem in exsilium,
Liv. 25, 2; so Just. 2, 9, 6; 16, 4, 4; 17, 3, 17;
22, 1, 16 al.: aliquem in fugam,
id. 16, 2, 3.—
E.
Of inanimate or abstract objects, to move, impel, push forwards, advance, carry to or toward any point:
quid si pater cuniculos agat ad aerarium?
lead, make, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90:
egisse huc Alpheum vias,
made its way, Verg. A. 3, 695:
vix leni et tranquillo mari moles agi possunt,
carry, build out, Curt. 4, 2, 8:
cloacam maximam sub terram agendam,
to be carried under ground, Liv. 1, 56;
so often in the histt., esp. Caes. and Livy, as t. t., of moving forwards the battering engines: celeriter vineis ad oppidum actis,
pushed forwards, up, Caes. B. G. 2, 12 Herz.; so id. ib. 3, 21; 7, 17; id. B. C. 2, 1; Liv. 8, 16:
accelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci,
Verg. A. 9, 505 al.:
fugere colles campique videntur, quos agimus praeter navem, i. e. praeter quos agimus navem,
Lucr. 4, 391:
in litus passim naves egerunt,
drove the ships ashore, Liv. 22, 19:
ratem in amnem,
Ov. F. 1, 500:
naves in advorsum amnem,
Tac. H. 4, 22.— Poet.: agere navem, to steer or direct a ship, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 114; so,
agere currum,
to drive a chariot, Ov. M. 2, 62; 2, 388 al.—
F.
To stir up, to throw out, excite, cause, bring forth (mostly poet.):
scintillasque agere ac late differre favillam,
to throw out sparks and scatter ashes far around, Lucr. 2, 675:
spumas ore,
Verg. G. 3, 203; so Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66:
piceum Flumen agit,
Verg. A. 9, 814:
qui vocem cubantes sensim excitant, eandemque cum egerunt, etc.,
when they have brought it forth, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —Hence, animam agere, to expel the breath of life, give up the ghost, expire:
agens animam spumat,
Lucr. 3, 493:
anhelans vaga vadit, animam agens,
Cat. 63, 31:
nam et agere animam et efflare dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:
Hortensius, cum has litteras scripsi, animam agebat,
id. Fam. 8, 13, 2; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:
eodem tempore et gestum et animam ageres,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 8:
Est tanti habere animam ut agam?
Sen. Ep. 101, 12; and with a play upon words: semper agis causas et res agis, Attale, semper. Est, non est, quod agas, Attale, semper agis. Si res et causae desunt, agis, Attale, mulas;
Attale, ne quod agas desit, agas animam,
Mart. 1, 80.—
G.
Of plants, to put forth or out, to shoot, extend:
(salices) gemmas agunt,
Varr. R. R. 1, 30:
florem agere coeperit ficus,
Col. R. R. 5, 10, 10:
frondem agere,
Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 45:
se ad auras palmes agit,
Verg. G. 2, 364:
(platanum) radices trium et triginta cubitorum egisse,
Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 15:
per glebas sensim radicibus actis,
Ov. M. 4, 254; so id. ib. 2, 583:
robora suas radices in profundum agunt,
Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 127.—Metaph.:
vera gloria radices agit,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
pluma in cutem radices egerat imas,
Ov. M. 2, 582.
II.
Trop.
A.
Spec., to guide, govern:
Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur,
Verg. A. 1, 574; cf. Forbig. ad h. 1., who considers it the only instance of this use, and compares a similar use of agô; v. L. and S. s. v. II. 2.—
B.
In gen., to move, impel, excite, urge to a thing, to prompt or induce to:
si quis ad illa deus te agat,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 24:
una plaga ceteros ad certamen egit,
Liv. 9, 41; 8, 7; 39, 15: quae te, germane, furentem Mens agit in facinus? Ov. M. 5, 14:
totis mentibus acta,
Sil. 10, 191:
in furorem agere,
Quint. 6, 1, 31:
si Agricola in ipsam gloriam praeceps agebatur,
Tac. Agr. 41:
provinciam avaritia in bellum egerat,
id. A. 14, 32.—
C.
To drive, stir up, excite, agitate, rouse vehemently (cf. agito, II.):
me amor fugat, agit,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 8:
agunt eum praecipitem poenae civium Romanorum,
Cic. Verr. 1, 3:
perpetua naturalis bonitas, quae nullis casibus neque agitur neque minuitur,
Nep. Att. 9, 1 Brem.:
opportunitas, quae etiam mediocres viros spe praedae transvorsos agit,
i. e. leads astray, Sall. J. 6, 3; 14, 20; so Sen. Ep. 8, 3.— To pursue with hostile intent, to persecute, disturb, vex, to attack, assail (for the usu. agitare; mostly poet.):
reginam Alecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi,
Verg. A. 7, 405:
non res et agentia (i. e. agitantia, vexantia) verba Lycamben,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25:
acerba fata Romanos agunt,
id. Epod 7, 17:
diris agam vos,
id. ib. 5, 89:
quam deus ultor agebat,
Ov. M. 14, 750:
futurae mortis agor stimulis,
Luc. 4, 517; cf. Matth. ad Cic. Mur. § 21.—
D.
To drive at something, to pursue a course of action, i. e. to make something an object of action; either in the most general sense, like the Engl. do and the Gr. prattein, for every kind of mental or physical employment; or, in a more restricted sense, to exhibit in external action, to act or perform, to deliver or pronounce, etc., so that after the act is completed nothing remains permanent, e. g. a speech, dance, play, etc. (while facere, to make, poiein, denotes the production of an object which continues to exist after the act is completed; and gerere, the performance of the duties of an office or calling).—On these significations, v. Varr. 6, 6, 62, and 6, 7, 64, and 6, 8, 72.—For the more restricted signif. v. Quint. 2, 18, 1 sq.; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 7, 12; Hab. Syn. 426.
1.
In the most gen. signif., to do, act, labor, in opp. to rest or idleness.
a.
With the gen. objects, aliquid, nihil, plus, etc.:
numquam se plus agere quam nihil cum ageret,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17 (cf. with this, id. Off. 3, 1: numquam se minus otiosum esse quam cum otiosus esset): mihi, qui nihil agit, esse omnino non videtur. id. N. D. 2, 16, 46:
post satietatem nihil (est) agendum,
Cels. 1, 2.—Hence,
b.
Without object:
aliud agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi,
Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132; Juv. 16, 49:
agendi tempora,
Tac. H. 3, 40:
industria in agendo, celeritas in conficiendo,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 29.—
c.
In colloquial lang., to do, to fare, get on: quid agis? what are you doing? M. Tulli, quid agis? Cic. Cat. 1, 11:
Quid agis?
What's your business? Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 9; also, How goes it with you? How are you? ti pratteis, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 20; Cic. Fam. 7, 11 al.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 4:
vereor, quid agat,
how he is, Cic. Att. 9, 17:
ut sciatis, quid agam,
Vulg. Ephes. 6, 21:
prospere agit anima tua,
fares well, ib. 3 Joan. 2:
quid agitur?
how goes it with you? how do you do? how are you? Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17; 1, 5, 42; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:
Quid intus agitur?
is going on, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 20; id. Ps. 1, 5, 42 al.—
d.
With nihil or non multum, to do, i. e. to effect, accomplish, achieve nothing, or not much (orig. belonging to colloquial lang., but in the class. per. even in oratorical and poet. style): nihil agit;
collum obstringe homini,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 29:
nihil agis,
you effect nothing, it is of no use, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12:
nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61 Kuhn.; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 10: cupis, inquit, abire; sed nihil agis;
usque tenebo,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 15:
[nihil agis,] nihil assequeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15 B. and K.:
ubi blanditiis agitur nihil,
Ov. M. 6, 685: egerit non multum, has not done much, Curt. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29; cf. Ruhnk. ad Rutil. Lup. p. 120.—
e.
In certain circumstances, to proceed, do, act, manage (mostly belonging to familiar style): Thr. Quid nunc agimus? Gn. Quin redimus, What shall we do now? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 41:
hei mihi! quid faciam? quid agam?
what shall I do? how shall I act? id. Ad. 5, 3, 3:
quid agam, habeo,
id. And. 3, 2, 18 (= quid respondeam habeo, Don.) al.:
sed ita quidam agebat,
was so acting, Cic. Lig. 7, 21: a Burro minaciter actum, Burrus [p. 75] proceeded to threats, Tac. A. 13, 21.—
2.
To pursue, do, perform, transact (the most usual signif. of this word; in all periods; syn.: facere, efficere, transigere, gerere, tractare, curare): cui quod agat institutumst nullo negotio id agit, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 254 Vahl.): ut quae egi, ago, axim, verruncent bene, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 114 Rib.):
At nihil est, nisi, dum calet, hoc agitur,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 92:
Ut id agam, quod missus huc sum,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 44: homines quae agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea si cui in somno accidunt, minus mirum est, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:
observabo quam rem agat,
what he is going to do, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 114:
Id quidem ago,
That is what I am doing, Verg. E. 9, 37:
res vera agitur,
Juv. 4, 35:
Jam tempus agires,
Verg. A. 5, 638:
utilis rebus agendis,
Juv. 14, 72:
grassator ferro agit rem,
does the business with a dagger, id. 3, 305; 6, 659 (cf.:
gladiis geritur res,
Liv. 9, 41):
nihil ego nunc de istac re ago,
do nothing about that matter, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8:
postquam id actumst,
after this is accomplished, id. Am. 1, 1, 72; so,
sed quid actumst?
id. Ps. 2, 4, 20:
nihil aliud agebam nisi eum defenderem,
Cic. Sull. 12:
ne quid temere ac fortuitu, inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,
id. Off. 1, 29:
agamus quod instat,
Verg. E. 9, 66:
renuntiaverunt ei omnia, quae egerant,
Vulg. Marc. 6, 30; ib. Act. 5, 35:
suum negotium agere,
to mind one's business, attend to one's own affairs, Cic. Off. 1, 9; id. de Or. 3, 55, 211; so,
ut vestrum negotium agatis,
Vulg. 1 Thess. 4, 11:
neque satis Bruto constabat, quid agerent,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14:
postquam res in Africa gestas, quoque modo actae forent, fama divolgavit,
Sall. J. 30, 1:
sed tu delibera, utrum colloqui malis an per litteras agere quae cogitas,
Nep. Con. 3, 8 al. —With the spec. idea of completing, finishing: jucundi acti labores, a proverb in Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105.—
3.
To pursue in one's mind, to drive at, to revolve, to be occupied with, think upon, have in view, aim at (cf. agito, II. E., volvo and voluto):
nescio quid mens mea majus agit,
Ov. H. 12, 212:
hoc variis mens ipsa modis agit,
Val. Fl. 3, 392:
agere fratri proditionem,
Tac. H. 2, 26:
de intranda Britannia,
id. Agr. 13.—
4.
With a verbal subst., as a favorite circumlocution for the action indicated by the subst. (cf. in Gr. agô with verbal subst.):
rimas agere (sometimes ducere),
to open in cracks, fissures, to crack, Cic. Att. 14, 9; Ov. M. 2, 211; Luc. 6, 728: vos qui regalis corporis custodias agitis, keep watch over, guard, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1; so Liv. 5, 10:
vigilias agere,
Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 93; Nep. Thras. 4; Tac. H. 3, 76:
excubias alicui,
Ov. F. 3, 245:
excubias,
Tac. H. 4, 58:
pervigilium,
Suet. Vit. 10:
stationem agere,
to keep guard, Liv. 35, 29; Tac. H. 1, 28:
triumphum agere,
to triumph, Cic. Fam. 3, 10; Ov. M. 15, 757; Suet. Dom. 6:
libera arbitria agere,
to make free decisions, to decide arbitrarily, Liv. 24, 45; Curt. 6, 1, 19; 8, 1, 4:
paenitentiam agere,
to exercise repentance, to repent, Quint. 9, 3, 12; Petr. S. 132; Tac. Or. 15; Curt. 8, 6, 23; Plin. Ep. 7, 10; Vulg. Lev. 5, 5; ib. Matt. 3, 2; ib. Apoc. 2, 5:
silentia agere,
to maintain silence, Ov. M. 1, 349:
pacem agere,
Juv. 15, 163:
crimen agere,
to bring accusation, to accuse, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48:
laborem agere,
id. Fin. 2, 32:
cursus agere,
Ov. Am. 3, 6, 95:
delectum agere,
to make choice, to choose, Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 107; Quint. 10, 4, 5:
experimenta agere,
Liv. 9, 14; Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
mensuram,
id. 15, 3, 4, § 14:
curam agere,
to care for, Ov. H. 15, 302; Quint. 8, prooem. 18:
curam ejus egit,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 34:
oblivia agere,
to forget, Ov. M. 12, 540:
nugas agere,
to trifle, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 29; id. As. 1, 1, 78, and often:
officinas agere,
to keep shop, Inscr. Orell. 4266.—So esp.: agere gratias ( poet. grates; never in sing. gratiam), to give thanks, to thank; Gr. charin echein ( habere gratiam is to be or feel grateful; Gr. charin eidenai; and referre gratiam, to return a favor, requite; Gr. charin apodidonai; cf. Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 7):
diis gratias pro meritis agere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26:
Haud male agit gratias,
id. Aul. 4, 4, 31:
Magnas vero agere gratias Thais mihi?
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 1:
Dis magnas merito gratias habeo atque ago,
id. Phorm. 5, 6, 80: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter, Cic. Fam. 1, 10: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam;
nam relaturum me adfirmare non possum,
id. ib. 10, 11, 1: maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus, C. Caesar;
majores etiam habemus,
id. Marcell. 11, 33:
Trebatio magnas ago gratias, quod, etc.,
id. Fam. 11, 28, 8: renuntiate gratias regi me agere;
referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque, reliqui Caelites, * Cic. Rep. 6, 9:
gaudet et invito grates agit inde parenti,
Ov. M. 2, 152; so id. ib. 6, 435; 484; 10, 291; 681; 14, 596; Vulg. 2 Reg. 8, 10; ib. Matt. 15, 36 al.;
and in connection with this, laudes agere: Jovis fratri laudes ago et grates gratiasque habeo,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 2:
Dianae laudes gratesque agam,
id. Mil. 2, 5, 2; so,
diis immortalibus laudesque et grates egit,
Liv. 26, 48:
agi sibi gratias passus est,
Tac. Agr. 42; so id. H. 2, 71; 4, 51; id. A. 13, 21; but oftener grates or gratis in Tac.:
Tiberius egit gratis benevolentiae patrum, A. 6, 2: agit grates,
id. H. 3, 80; 4, 64; id. A. 2, 38; 2, 86; 3, 18; 3, 24; 4, 15 al.—
5.
Of time, to pass, spend (very freq. and class.): Romulus in caelo cum dis agit aevom, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28; so Pac. id. ib. 2, 21, 49, and Hor. S. 1, 5, 101:
tempus,
Tac. H. 4, 62; id. A. 3, 16: domi aetatem, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6:
aetatem in litteris,
Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:
senectutem,
id. Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 17, 60:
dies festos,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Tac. G. 17:
otia secura,
Verg. G. 3, 377; Ov. F. 1, 68; 4, 926:
ruri agere vitam,
Liv. 7, 39, and Tac. A. 15, 63:
vitam in terris,
Verg. G. 2, 538:
tranquillam vitam agere,
Vulg. 1 Tim. 2, 2:
Hunc (diem) agerem si,
Verg. A. 5, 51:
ver magnus agebat Orbis,
id. G. 2, 338:
aestiva agere,
to pass, be in, summer quarters, Liv. 27, 8; 27, 21; Curt. 5, 8, 24.— Pass.:
menses jam tibi esse actos vides,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 2:
mensis agitur hic septimus,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 34, and Ov. M. 7, 700:
melior pars acta (est) diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156; Juv. 4, 66; Tac. A. 15, 63:
acta est per lacrimas nox,
Ov. H. 12, 58 Ruhnk.:
tunc principium anni agebatur,
Liv. 3, 6:
actis quindecim annis in regno,
Just. 41, 5, 9:
Nona aetas agitur,
Juv. 13, 28 al. —With annus and an ordinal, to be of a certain age, to be so old:
quartum annum ago et octogesimum,
am eighty-four years old, Cic. Sen. 10, 32:
Annum agens sextum decimum patrem amisit,
Suet. Caes. 1.—Metaph.: sescentesimum et quadragesimum annum urbs nostra agebat, was in its 640 th year, Tac. G. 37.— Hence also absol. (rare), to pass or spend time, to live, to be, to be somewhere:
civitas laeta agere,
was joyful, Sall. J. 55, 2:
tum Marius apud primos agebat,
id. ib. 101, 6:
in Africa, qua procul a mari incultius agebatur,
id. ib. 89, 7:
apud illos homines, qui tum agebant,
Tac. A. 3, 19:
Thracia discors agebat,
id. ib. 3, 38:
Juxta Hermunduros Naristi agunt,
Tac. G. 42:
ultra jugum plurimae gentes agunt,
id. ib. 43:
Gallos trans Padum agentes,
id. H. 3, 34:
quibus (annis) exul Rhodi agit,
id. A. 1, 4:
agere inter homines desinere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
Vitellius non in ore volgi agere,
was not in the sight of the people, id. H. 3, 36:
ante aciem agere,
id. G. 7; and:
in armis agere,
id. A. 14, 55 = versari.—
6.
In the lang. of offerings, t. t., to despatch the victim, to kill, slay. In performing this rite, the sacrificer asked the priest, agone, shall I do it? and the latter answered, age or hoc age, do it:
qui calido strictos tincturus sanguine cultros semper, Agone? rogat, nec nisi jussus agit,
Ov. F. 1. 321 (cf. agonia and agonalia):
a tergo Chaeream cervicem (Caligulae) gladio caesim graviter percussisse, praemissa voce,
hoc age, Suet. Calig. 58; id. Galb. 20. —This call of the priest in act of solemn sacrifice, Hoc age, warned the assembled multitude to be quiet and give attention; hence hoc or id and sometimes haec or istuc agere was used for, to give attention to, to attend to, to mind, heed; and followed by ut or ne, to pursue a thing, have it in view, aim at, design, etc.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 1, 2, 15, and Suet. Calig. 58: hoc agite, Plaut. As. prol. init.:
Hoc age,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 152; id. Ep. 1, 6, 31:
Hoc agite, of poetry,
Juv. 7, 20:
hoc agamus,
Sen. Clem. 1, 12:
haec agamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49:
agere hoc possumus,
Lucr. 1, 41; 4, 969; Juv. 7, 48:
hoccine agis an non? hoc agam,
id. ib., Ter. And. 1, 2, 15; 2, 5, 4:
nunc istuc age,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 3 al.:
Hoc egit civis Romanus ante te nemo,
Cic. Lig. 4, 11:
id et agunt et moliuntur,
id. Mur. 38:
(oculi, aures, etc.) quasi fenestrae sunt animi, quibus tamen sentire nihil queat mens, nisi id agat et adsit,
id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: qui id egerunt, ut gentem... collocarent, aimed at this, that, etc., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12:
qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
keep it in view, that, id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?
id. Lig. 6, 18:
Hoc agit, ut doleas,
Juv. 5, 157:
Hoc age, ne mutata retrorsum te ferat aura,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 88:
Quid tuus ille destrictus gladius agebat?
have in view, mean, Cic. Leg. 3, 9:
Quid aliud egimus nisi ut, quod hic potest, nos possemus?
id. ib. 4, 10:
Sin autem id actum est, ut homines postremi pecuniis alienis locupletarentur,
id. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:
certiorem eum fecit, id agi, ut pons dissolveretur,
Nep. Them. 5, 1:
ego id semper egi, ne bellis interessem,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7.—Also, the opp.: alias res or aliud agere, not to attend to, heed, or observe, to pursue secondary or subordinate objects: Ch. Alias res agis. Pa. Istuc ago equidem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 57; id. Hec. 5, 3, 28:
usque eo animadverti eum jocari atque alias res agere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22:
atqui vides, quam alias res agamus,
id. de Or. 3, 14, 51; id. Brut. 66, 233:
aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodi cogitans,
id. Clu. 64.—
7.
In relation to public affairs, to conduct, manage, carry on, administer: agere bellum, to carry on or wage war (embracing the whole theory and practice of war, while bellum gerere designates the bodily and mental effort, and the bearing of the necessary burdens; and bellum facere, the actual outbreak of hostile feelings, v. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 28):
qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum agere instituerunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Antiochus si tam in agendo bello parere voluisset consiliis ejus (Hannibalis) quam in suscipiendo instituerat, etc.,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3; Curt. 4, 10, 29:
aliena bella mercedibus agere,
Mel. 1, 16:
Bellaque non puero tractat agenda puer,
Ov. A. A. 1, 182 (also in id. Tr. 2, 230, Gron. Observ. 2, 3, 227, for the usu. obit, with one MS., reads agit; so Merkel).— Poet.:
Martem for bellum,
Luc. 4, 2: agere proelium, to give battle (very rare):
levibus proeliis cum Gallis actis,
Liv. 22, 9.—Of offices, employments, etc., to conduct, exercise, administer, hold:
forum agere,
to hold court, Cic. Fam. 8, 6; and:
conventus agere,
to hold the assizes, id. Verr. 5, 11, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 54; 6, 44;
used of the governors of provinces: judicium agere,
Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:
vivorum coetus agere,
to make assemblies of, to assemble, Tac. A. 16, 34:
censum agere,
Liv. 3, 22; Tac. A. 14, 46; Suet. Aug. 27:
recensum agere,
id. Caes. 41:
potestatem agere,
Flor. 1, 7, 2:
honorem agere,
Liv. 8, 26:
regnum,
Flor. 1, 6, 2:
rem publicam,
Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 8:
consulatum,
Quint. 12, 1, 16:
praefecturam,
Suet. Tib. 6:
centurionatum,
Tac. A. 1, 44:
senatum,
Suet. Caes. 88:
fiscum agere,
to have charge of the treasury, id. Dom. 12:
publicum agere,
to collect the taxes, id. Vesp. 1:
inquisitionem agere,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
curam alicujus rei agere,
to have the management of, to manage, Liv. 6, 15; Suet. Claud. 18:
rei publicae curationem agens,
Liv. 4, 13: dilectum agere, to make a levy, to levy (postAug. for dilectum habere, Cic., Caes., Sall.), Quint. 12, 3, 5; Tac. A. 2, 16; id. Agr. 7 and 10; id. H. 2, 16, 12; Suet. Calig. 43. —
8.
Of civil and political transactions in the senate, the forum, before tribunals of justice, etc., to manage or transact, to do, to discuss, plead, speak, deliberate; constr. aliquid or de aliqua re:
velim recordere, quae ego de te in senatu egerim, quae in contionibus dixerim,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2; 1, 9:
de condicionibus pacis,
Liv. 8, 37:
de summa re publica,
Suet. Caes. 28:
cum de Catilinae conjuratione ageretur in curia,
id. Aug. 94:
de poena alicujus,
Liv. 5, 36:
de agro plebis,
id. 1, 46.—Hence the phrase: agere cum populo, of magistrates, to address the people in a public assembly, for the purpose of obtaining their approval or rejection of a thing (while [p. 76] agere ad populum signifies to propose, to bring before the people):
cum populo agere est rogare quid populum, quod suffragiis suis aut jubeat aut vetet,
Gell. 13, 15, 10:
agere cum populo de re publica,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 12; id. Lael. 25, 96:
neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat neve cum populo agat,
Sall. C. 51, 43.—So also absol.:
hic locus (rostra) ad agendum amplissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1:
Metellus cum agere coepisset, tertio quoque verbo orationis suae me appellabat,
id. Fam. 5, 2.— Transf. to common life.
a.
Agere cum aliquo, de aliquo or re or ut, to treat, deal, negotiate, confer, talk with one about a person or thing; to endeavor to persuade or move one, that, etc.: nihil age tecum (sc. cum odore vini);
ubi est ipsus (vini lepos)?
I have nothing to do with you, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 11:
Quae (patria) tecum, Catilina, sic agit,
thus pleads, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 18:
algae Inquisitores agerent cum remige nudo,
Juv. 4, 49:
haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant,
thus treated together, Verg. A. 11, 445:
de quo et praesens tecum egi diligenter, et scripsi ad te accurate antea,
Cic. Fam. 13, 75:
egi cum Claudia et cum vestra sorore Mucia, ut eum ab illa injuria deterrerent,
id. ib. 5, 2:
misi ad Metellum communes amicos, qui agerent cum eo, ut de illa mente desisteret,
id. ib. 5, 2:
Callias quidam egit cum Cimone, ut eam (Elpinicen) sibi uxorem daret,
Nep. Cim. 1, 3.—Also absol.:
Alcibiades praesente vulgo agere coepit,
Nep. Alc. 8, 2:
si qua Caesares obtinendae Armeniae egerant,
Tac. A. 15, 14:
ut Lucretius agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,
Liv. 2, 2.—In Suet. once agere cum senatu, with acc. and inf., to propose or state to the Senate:
Tiberius egit cum senatu non debere talia praemia tribui,
Suet. Tib. 54.—
b.
With the advv. bene, praeclare, male, etc., to deal well or ill with one, to treat or use well or ill:
facile est bene agere cum eis, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 14, 11:
bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade, si, etc.,
Val. Max. 5, 3, 3 ext.; Vulg. Jud. 9, 16:
praeclare cum aliquo agere,
Cic. Sest. 23:
Male agis mecum,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 21:
qui cum creditoribus suis male agat,
Cic. Quinct. 84; and:
tu contra me male agis,
Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—Freq. in pass., to be or go well or ill with one, to be well or badly off:
intelleget secum actum esse pessime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50:
praeclare mecum actum puto,
id. Fam. 9, 24; so id. ib. 5, 18: exstat cujusdam non inscitus jocus bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si Domitius pater talem habuisset uxorem, it would have gone well with human affairs, been well for mankind, if, etc., Suet. Ner. 28.—Also absol. without cum: agitur praeclare, si nosmet ipsos regere possumus, it is well done if, etc., it is a splendid thing if, etc., Cic. Fam. 4, 14:
vivitur cum eis, in quibus praeclare agitur si sunt simulacra virtutis,
id. Off. 1, 15:
bene agitur pro noxia,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—
9.
Of transactions before a court or tribunal.
a.
Aliquid agere ex jure, ex syngrapha, ex sponso, or simply the abl. jure, lege, litibus, obsignatis tabellis, causa, to bring an action or suit, to manage a cause, to plead a case:
ex jure civili et praetorio agere,
Cic. Caecin. 12:
tamquam ex syngrapha agere cum populo,
to litigate, id. Mur. 17:
ex sponso egit,
id. Quint. 9: Ph. Una injuriast Tecum. Ch. Lege agito ergo, Go to law, then, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90:
agere lege in hereditatem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175; Ov. F. 1, 48; Liv. 9, 46:
cum illo se lege agere dicebat,
Nep. Tim. 5: summo jure agere, to assert or claim one's right to the full extent of the law, Cic. Off. 1, 11:
non enim gladiis mecum, sed litibus agetur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 4:
causa quam vi agere malle,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
tabellis obsignatis agis mecum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:
Jure, ut opinor, agat, jure increpet inciletque,
with right would bring her charge, Lucr. 3, 963; so,
Castrensis jurisdictio plura manu agens,
settles more cases by force, Tac. Agr. 9:
ubi manu agitur,
when the case is settled by violent hands, id. G. 36.—
b.
Causam or rem agere, to try or plead a case; with apud, ad, or absol.:
causam apud centumviros egit,
Cic. Caecin. 24:
Caesar cum ageret apud censores,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10; so with adversus:
egi causam adversus magistratus,
Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 11:
orator agere dicitur causam,
Varr. L. L. 6, 42: causam isto modo agere, Cic. Lig. 4, 10; Tac. Or. 5; 11; 14; Juv. 2, 51; 14, 132:
agit causas liberales,
Cic. Fam. 8, 9: qui ad rem agendam adsunt, M. Cael. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 51:
cum (M. Tullius) et ipsam se rem agere diceret,
Quint. 12, 10, 45: Gripe, accede huc;
tua res agitur,
is being tried, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 104; Quint. 8, 3, 13;
and extra-judicially: rogo ad Caesarem meam causam agas,
Cic. Fam. 5, 10:
Una (factio) populi causam agebat, altera optimatum,
Nep. Phoc. 3; so, agere, absol., to plead' ad judicem sic agi solet, Cic. Lig. 10:
tam solute agere, tam leniter,
id. Brut. 80:
tu istuc nisi fingeres, sic ageres?
id. ib. 80; Juv. 7, 143 and 144; 14, 32.— Transf. to common life; with de or acc., to discuss, treat, speak of:
Sed estne hic ipsus, de quo agebam?
of whom I was speaking, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53:
causa non solum exponenda, sed etiam graviter copioseque agenda est,
to be discussed, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37:
Samnitium bella, quae agimus,
are treating of, Liv. 10, 31.—Hence,
c.
Agere aliquem reum, to proceed against one as accused, to accuse one, Liv. 4, 42; 24, 25; Tac. A. 14, 18:
reus agitur,
id. ib. 15, 20; 3, 13; and with the gen. of the crime, with which one is charged:
agere furti,
to accuse of theft, Cic. Fam. 7, 22:
adulterii cum aliquo,
Quint. 4, 4, 8:
injuriarum,
id. 3, 6, 19; and often in the Pandects.—
d.
Pass. of the thing which is the subject of accusation, to be in suit or in question; it concerns or affects, is about, etc.:
non nunc pecunia, sed illud agitur, quomodo, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 67:
non capitis ei res agitur, sed pecuniae,
the point in dispute, id. Phorm. 4, 3, 26:
aguntur injuriae sociorum, agitur vis legum, agitur existimatio, veritasque judiciorum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:
si magna res, magna hereditas agetur,
id. Fin. 2, 17: qua de re agitur, what the point of dispute or litigation is, id. Brut. 79.—Hence, trop.,
(α).
Res agitur, the case is on trial, i. e. something is at stake or at hazard, in peril, or in danger:
at nos, quarum res agitur, aliter auctores sumus,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 72:
quasi istic mea res minor agatur quam tua,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113:
agitur populi Romani gloria, agitur salus sociorum atque amicorum, aguntur certissima populi Romani vectigalia et maxima, aguntur bona multorum civium,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:
in quibus eorum aut caput agatur aut fama,
id. Lael. 17, 61; Nep. Att. 15, 2:
non libertas solum agebatur,
Liv. 28, 19; Sen. Clem. 1, 20 al.:
nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84 (= in periculo versatur, Lambin.):
agitur pars tertia mundi,
is at stake, I am in danger of losing, Ov. M. 5, 372.—
(β).
Res acta est, the case is over (and done for): acta haec res est;
perii,
this matter is ended, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3: hence, actum est de aliquo or aliqua re, it is all over with a person or thing:
actum hodie est de me,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63:
jam de Servio actum,
Liv. 1, 47:
actum est de collo meo,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 4, 194.—So also absol.: actumst;
ilicet me infelicem,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 17:
si animus hominem pepulit, actumst,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 27; Ter. And. 3, 1, 7; Cic. Att. 5, 15:
actumst, ilicet, peristi,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 9: periimus;
actumst,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 3.—
(γ).
Rem actam agere, to plead a case already finished, i. e. to act to no purpose:
rem actam agis,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 27; id. Cist. 4, 2, 36; Liv. 28, 40; so,
actum or acta agere: actum, aiunt, ne agas,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Att. 9, 18:
acta agimus,
id. Am. 22.—
10.
To represent by external action, to perform, pronounce, deliver, etc.
a.
Of an orator, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 79:
quae sic ab illo acta esse constabat oculis, voce, gestu, inimici ut lacrimas tenere non possent,
id. ib. 3, 56, 214:
agere fortius et audentius volo,
Tac. Or. 18; 39.—
b.
Of an actor, to represent, play, act:
Ipse hanc acturust Juppiter comoediam,
Plaut. Am. prol. 88; so,
fabulam,
Ter. Ad. prol. 12; id. Hec. prol. 22:
dum haec agitur fabula,
Plaut. Men. prol. 72 al.:
partis,
to have a part in a play, Ter. Phorm. prol. 27:
Ballionem illum cum agit, agit Chaeream,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7:
gestum agere in scaena,
id. de Or. 2, 57:
dicitur canticum egisse aliquanto magis vigente motu,
Liv. 7, 2 al. — Transf. to other relations, to represent or personate one, to act the part of, to act as, behave like: has partes lenitatis semper egi, Cic. Mur. 3:
egi illos omnes adulescentes, quos ille actitat,
id. Fam. 2, 9:
amicum imperatoris,
Tac. H. 1, 30:
exulem,
id. A. 1, 4:
socium magis imperii quam ministrum,
id. H. 2, 83:
senatorem,
Tac. A. 16, 28.—So of things poetically:
utrinque prora frontem agit,
serves as a bow, Tac. G. 44.—
11.
Se agere = se gerere, to carry one's self, to behave, deport one's self:
tanta mobilitate sese Numidae agunt,
Sall. J. 56, 5:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint,
Tac. H. 3, 2 Halm:
qui se pro equitibus Romanis agerent,
Suet. Claud. 25:
non principem se, sed ministrum egit,
id. ib. 29:
neglegenter se et avare agere,
Eutr. 6, 9:
prudenter se agebat,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5:
sapienter se agebat,
ib. 4 Reg. 18, 7. —Also absol.:
seditiose,
Tac. Agr. 7:
facile justeque,
id. ib. 9:
superbe,
id. H. 2, 27:
ex aequo,
id. ib. 4, 64:
anxius et intentus agebat,
id. Agr. 5.—
12.
Imper.: age, agite, Ter., Tib., Lucr., Hor., Ov., never using agite, and Catull. never age, with which compare the Gr. age, agete (also accompanied by the particles dum, eia, en, ergo, igitur, jam, modo, nuncjam, porro, quare, quin, sane, vero, verum, and by sis); as an exclamation.
a.
In encouragement, exhortation, come! come on! (old Engl. go to!) up! on! quick! (cf. I. B. fin.).
(α).
In the sing.:
age, adsta, mane, audi, Enn. ap. Delr. Synt. 1, 99: age i tu secundum,
come, follow me! Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 1:
age, perge, quaeso,
id. Cist. 2, 3, 12:
age, da veniam filio,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14:
age, age, nunc experiamur,
id. ib. 5, 4, 23:
age sis tu... delude,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 89; id. Ep. 3, 4, 39; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 16:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint, agedum eam solve cistulam,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 151; id. Capt. 3, 4, 39:
Agedum vicissim dic,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Eun. 4, 4, 27:
agedum humanis concede,
Lucr. 3, 962:
age modo hodie sero,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103:
age nuncjam,
id. And. 5, 2, 25:
En age, quid cessas,
Tib. 2, 2, 10:
Quare age,
Verg. A. 7, 429:
Verum age,
id. ib. 12, 832:
Quin age,
id. G. 4, 329:
en, age, Rumpe moras,
id. ib. 3, 43:
eia age,
id. A. 4, 569.—
(β).
In the plur.:
agite, pugni,
up, fists, and at 'em! Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 146:
agite bibite,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 1, 3, 68:
agite in modum dicite,
Cat. 61, 38:
Quare agite... conjungite,
id. 64, 372; Verg. A. 1, 627:
vos agite... volvite,
Val. Fl. 3, 311:
agite nunc, divites, plorate,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 1:
agitedum,
Liv. 3, 62.—Also age in the sing., with a verb in the plur. (cf. age tamnete, Hom. Od. 3, 332; age dê trapeiomen, id. Il. 3, 441):
age igitur, intro abite,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:
En agedum convertite,
Prop. 1, 1, 21:
mittite, agedum, legatos,
Liv. 38, 47:
Ite age,
Stat. Th. 10, 33:
Huc age adeste,
Sil. 11, 169.—
b.
In transitions in discourse, well then! well now! well! (esp. in Cic. Or. very freq.). So in Plaut. for resuming discourse that has been interrupted: age, tu interea huic somnium narra, Curc. 2, 2, 5: nunc age, res quoniam docui non posse creari, etc., well now, since I have taught, etc., Lucr. 1, 266:
nunc age, quod superest, cognosce et clarius audi,
id. 1, 920; so id. 1, 952; 2, 62; 333; 730; 3, 418;
4, 109 al.: age porro, tu, qui existimari te voluisti interpretem foederum, cur, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22; so id. Rosc. Am. 16; id. Part. 12; id. Att. 8, 3.—And age (as in a.) with a verb in the plur.:
age vero, ceteris in rebus qualis sit temperantia considerate,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14; so id. Sull. 26; id. Mil. 21; id. Rosc. Am. 37.—
c.
As a sign of assent, well! very well! good! right! Age, age, mansero, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 61: age, age, jam ducat;
dabo,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 57:
Age, veniam,
id. And. 4, 2, 30:
age, sit ita factum,
Cic. Mil. 19:
age sane,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 27; Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119.
► Position.
—Age, used with another verb in the imperative, regularly stands before it, but in poetry, for the sake of the metre, it,
I.
Sometimes follows such verb; as,
a.
In dactylic metre:
Cede agedum,
Prop. 5, 9, 54:
Dic age,
Verg. A. 6, 343; Hor. S. 2, 7, 92; Ov. F. 1, 149:
Esto age,
Pers. 2, 42:
Fare age,
Verg. A. 3, 362:
Finge age,
Ov. H. 7, 65:
Redde age,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 80:
Surge age,
Verg. A. 3, 169; 8, 59; 10, 241; Ov. H. 14, 73:
Vade age,
Verg. A. 3, 462; 4, 422; so,
agite: Ite agite,
Prop. 4, 3, 7.—
b.
In other metres (very rarely):
appropera age,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 38:
dic age,
Hor. C. 1, [p. 77] 32, 3; 2, 11, 22;
3, 4, 1.—So also in prose (very rarely): Mittite agedum,
Liv. 38, 47:
procedat agedum ad pugnam,
id. 7, 9.—
II.
It is often separated from such verb:
age me huc adspice,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 118; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:
Age... instiga,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 10; 5, 6, 11:
Quare agite... conjungite,
Cat. 64, 372:
Huc age... veni,
Tib. 2, 5, 2:
Ergo age cervici imponere nostrae,
Verg. A. 2, 707:
en age segnis Rumpe moras,
id. G. 3, 42:
age te procellae Crede,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 62:
Age jam... condisce,
id. ib. 4, 11, 31; id. S. 2, 7, 4.—Hence,
1.
ăgens, entis, P. a.
A.
Adj.
1.
Efficient, effective, powerful (only in the rhet. lang. of Cic.):
utendum est imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358:
acre orator, incensus et agens,
id. Brut. 92, 317.— Comp. and sup. not used.
► 2.
Agentia verba, in the grammarians, for verba activa, Gell. 18, 12.—
B.
Subst.: ăgentes, ium.
a.
Under the emperors, a kind of secret police (also called frumentarii and curiosi), Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.; Dig. 1, 12; 1, 20; 21; 22; 23, etc.; Amm. 15, 3; 14, 11 al.—
b.
For agrimensores, land-surveyors, Hyg. Lim. p. 179.—
2.
actus, a, um, P. a. Lit., that has been transacted in the Senate, in the forum, before the courts of justice, etc.; hence,
A.
actum, i, n., a public transaction in the Senate, before the people, or before a single magistrate:
actum ejus, qui in re publica cum imperio versatus sit,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7:
acta Caesaris servanda censeo,
id. ib. 1, 7:
acta tui praeclari tribunatus,
id. Dom. 31.—
B.
acta publĭca, or absol.: acta, orum, n., the register of public acts, records, journal. Julius Caesar, in his consulship, ordered that the doings of the Senate (diurna acta) should be made public, Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Ernest. Exc. 1;
but Augustus again prohibited it,
Suet. Aug. 36. Still the acts of the Senate were written down, and, under the succeeding emperors. certain senators were appointed to this office (actis vel commentariis Senatus conficiendis), Tac. A. 5, 4. They had also public registers of the transactions of the assemblies of the people, and of the different courts of justice;
also of births and deaths, marriages, divorces, etc., which were preserved as sources of future history.—Hence, diurna urbis acta,
the city journal, Tac. A. 13, 31:
acta populi,
Suet. Caes. 20:
acta publica,
Tac. A. 12, 24; Suet. Tib. 8; Plin. Ep. 7, 33:
urbana,
id. ib. 9, 15; which were all comprehended under the gen. name acta.
1.
With the time added:
acta eorum temporum,
Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 60:
illius temporis,
Ascon. Mil. 44, 16:
ejus anni,
Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147.—
2.
Absol., Cic. Fam. 12, 8; 22, 1; 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 10; 3, 16; Suet. Calig. 8; Quint. 9, 3; Juv. 2, 136: Quis dabit historico, quantum daret acta legenti, i. e. to the actuarius, q. v., id. 7, 104; cf. Bahr's Rom. Lit. Gesch. 303.—
C.
acta triumphōrum, the public record of triumphs, fuller than the Fasti triumphales, Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 12.—
D.
acta fŏri (v. Inscr. Grut. 445, 10), the records,
a.
Of strictly historical transactions, Amm. 22, 3, 4; Dig. 4, 6, 33, § 1.—
b.
Of matters of private right, as wills, gifts, bonds (acta ad jus privatorum pertinentia, Dig. 49, 14, 45, § 4), Fragm. Vat. §§ 249, 266, 268, 317.—
E.
acta militarĭa, the daily records of the movements of a legion, Veg. R. R. 2, 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > acta militaria
10 acta publica

ăgo, egi, actum, 3, v. a. (axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. axitiosi, p. 3 Mull.;
axit = egerit,
Paul. Diac. 3, 3;
AGIER = agi,
Cic. Off. 3, 15;
agentum = agentium,
Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6) [cf. agô; Sanscr. ag, aghami = to go, to drive; agmas = way, train = ogmos; agis = race, contest = agôn; perh. also Germ. jagen, to drive, to hunt], to put in motion, to move (syn.: agitare, pellere, urgere).
I.
Lit.
A.
Of cattle and other animals, to lead, drive.
a.
Absol.: agas asellum, Seip. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 258:
jumenta agebat,
Liv. 1, 48:
capellas ago,
Verg. E. 1, 13:
Pars quia non veniant pecudes, sed agantur, ab actu etc.,
Ov. F. 1, 323:
caballum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 36.—
b.
With acc. of place, prep., sup., or inf.:
agere bovem Romam,
Curt. 1, 45:
equum in hostem,
id. 7, 4:
Germani in amnem aguntur,
Tac. H. 5, 21:
acto ad vallum equo,
id. A. 2, 13:
pecora per calles,
Curt. 7, 11:
per devia rura capellas,
Ov. M. 1, 676:
pecus pastum,
Varr. L. L. 6, 41, p. 88 Mull.:
capellas potum age,
Verg. E. 9, 23:
pecus egit altos Visere montes,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 7.—
B.
Of men, to drive, lead, conduct, impel.
a.
Absol.:
agmen agens equitum,
Verg. A. 7, 804.—
b.
With prep., abl., or inf.:
vinctum ante se Thyum agebat,
Nep. Dat. 3:
agitur praeceps exercitus Lydorum in populos,
Sil. 4, 720:
(adulteram) maritus per omnem vicum verbere agit,
Tac. G. 19; Suet. Calig. 27:
captivos prae se agentes,
Curt. 7, 6; Liv. 23, 1:
acti ante suum quisque praedonem catenati,
Quint. 8, 3, 69:
captivos sub curribus agere,
Mart. 8, 26:
agimur auguriis quaerere exilia,
Verg. A. 3, 5;
and simple for comp.: multis milibus armatorum actis ex ea regione = coactis,
Liv. 44, 31.— In prose: agi, to be led, to march, to go:
quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur,
Liv. 10, 29: si citius agi vellet agmen, that the army would move, or march on quicker, id. 2, 58:
raptim agmine acto,
id. 6, 28; so id. 23, 36; 25, 9.— Trop.:
egit sol hiemem sub terras,
Verg. G. 4, 51:
poemata dulcia sunto Et quocumque volent animum auditoris agunto,
lead the mind, Hor. A. P. 100. —Hence, poet.: se agere, to betake one's self, i. e. to go, to come (in Plaut. very freq.;
also in Ter., Verg., etc.): quo agis te?
where are you going? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 294:
unde agis te?
id. Most. 1, 4, 28; so id. ib. 3, 1, 31; id. Mil. 3, 2, 49; id. Poen. 1, 2, 120; id. Pers. 4, 3, 13; id. Trin. 4, 3, 71:
quo hinc te agis?
where are you going, Ter. And. 4, 2, 25:
Ecce gubernator sese Palinurus agebat,
was moving along, Verg. A. 6, 337:
Aeneas se matutinus agebat,
id. ib. 8, 465:
is enim se primus agebat,
for he strode on in front, id. ib. 9, 696.—Also without se:
Et tu, unde agis?
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 20:
Quo agis?
id. Pers. 2, 2, 34:
Huc age,
Tib. 2, 5, 2 (unless age is here to be taken with veni at the end of the line).—
C.
To drive or carry off (animals or men), to steal, rob, plunder (usually abigere):
Et redigunt actos in sua rura boves,
Ov. F. 3, 64.—So esp. freq. of men or animals taken as booty in war, while ferre is used of portable things; hence, ferre et agere (as in Gr. agein kai pherein, Hom. Il. 5, 484; and reversed, pherein kai agein, in Hdt. and Xen.; cf.:
rapiunt feruntque,
Verg. A. 2, 374:
rapere et auferre,
Cic. Off. 1, 14), in gen., to rob, to plunder: res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv. 22, 3:
ut ferri agique res suas viderunt,
id. 38, 15; so id. 3, 37;
so also: rapere agereque: ut ex alieno agro raperent agerentque,
Liv. 22, 1, 2; but portari atque agi means to bear and carry, to bring together, in Caes. B. C. 2, 29 (as pherein kai agein in Plat. Phaedr. 279, C):
ne pulcram praedam agat,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 3:
urbes, agros vastare, praedas agere,
Sall. J. 20, 8; 32, 3:
pecoris et mancipiorum praedas,
id. ib. 44, 5;
so eccl. Lat.: agere praedas de aliquo,
Vulg. Jud. 9, 16; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8; cf. Gron. Obs. 3, 22, 633.—
D.
To chase, pursue, press animals or men, to drive about or onwards in flight (for the usual agitare).
a.
Of animals:
apros,
Verg. G. 3, 412:
cervum,
id. A. 7, 481; cf. id. ib. 4, 71:
citos canes,
Ov. H. 5, 20:
feros tauros,
Suet. Claud. 21.—
b.
Of men:
ceteros ruerem, agerem,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21 (= prosequerer, premerem, Don.):
ita perterritos egerunt, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 4, 12:
Demoleos cursu palantis Troas agebat,
Verg. A. 5, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 574:
aliquem in exsilium,
Liv. 25, 2; so Just. 2, 9, 6; 16, 4, 4; 17, 3, 17;
22, 1, 16 al.: aliquem in fugam,
id. 16, 2, 3.—
E.
Of inanimate or abstract objects, to move, impel, push forwards, advance, carry to or toward any point:
quid si pater cuniculos agat ad aerarium?
lead, make, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90:
egisse huc Alpheum vias,
made its way, Verg. A. 3, 695:
vix leni et tranquillo mari moles agi possunt,
carry, build out, Curt. 4, 2, 8:
cloacam maximam sub terram agendam,
to be carried under ground, Liv. 1, 56;
so often in the histt., esp. Caes. and Livy, as t. t., of moving forwards the battering engines: celeriter vineis ad oppidum actis,
pushed forwards, up, Caes. B. G. 2, 12 Herz.; so id. ib. 3, 21; 7, 17; id. B. C. 2, 1; Liv. 8, 16:
accelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci,
Verg. A. 9, 505 al.:
fugere colles campique videntur, quos agimus praeter navem, i. e. praeter quos agimus navem,
Lucr. 4, 391:
in litus passim naves egerunt,
drove the ships ashore, Liv. 22, 19:
ratem in amnem,
Ov. F. 1, 500:
naves in advorsum amnem,
Tac. H. 4, 22.— Poet.: agere navem, to steer or direct a ship, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 114; so,
agere currum,
to drive a chariot, Ov. M. 2, 62; 2, 388 al.—
F.
To stir up, to throw out, excite, cause, bring forth (mostly poet.):
scintillasque agere ac late differre favillam,
to throw out sparks and scatter ashes far around, Lucr. 2, 675:
spumas ore,
Verg. G. 3, 203; so Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66:
piceum Flumen agit,
Verg. A. 9, 814:
qui vocem cubantes sensim excitant, eandemque cum egerunt, etc.,
when they have brought it forth, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —Hence, animam agere, to expel the breath of life, give up the ghost, expire:
agens animam spumat,
Lucr. 3, 493:
anhelans vaga vadit, animam agens,
Cat. 63, 31:
nam et agere animam et efflare dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:
Hortensius, cum has litteras scripsi, animam agebat,
id. Fam. 8, 13, 2; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:
eodem tempore et gestum et animam ageres,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 8:
Est tanti habere animam ut agam?
Sen. Ep. 101, 12; and with a play upon words: semper agis causas et res agis, Attale, semper. Est, non est, quod agas, Attale, semper agis. Si res et causae desunt, agis, Attale, mulas;
Attale, ne quod agas desit, agas animam,
Mart. 1, 80.—
G.
Of plants, to put forth or out, to shoot, extend:
(salices) gemmas agunt,
Varr. R. R. 1, 30:
florem agere coeperit ficus,
Col. R. R. 5, 10, 10:
frondem agere,
Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 45:
se ad auras palmes agit,
Verg. G. 2, 364:
(platanum) radices trium et triginta cubitorum egisse,
Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 15:
per glebas sensim radicibus actis,
Ov. M. 4, 254; so id. ib. 2, 583:
robora suas radices in profundum agunt,
Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 127.—Metaph.:
vera gloria radices agit,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
pluma in cutem radices egerat imas,
Ov. M. 2, 582.
II.
Trop.
A.
Spec., to guide, govern:
Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur,
Verg. A. 1, 574; cf. Forbig. ad h. 1., who considers it the only instance of this use, and compares a similar use of agô; v. L. and S. s. v. II. 2.—
B.
In gen., to move, impel, excite, urge to a thing, to prompt or induce to:
si quis ad illa deus te agat,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 24:
una plaga ceteros ad certamen egit,
Liv. 9, 41; 8, 7; 39, 15: quae te, germane, furentem Mens agit in facinus? Ov. M. 5, 14:
totis mentibus acta,
Sil. 10, 191:
in furorem agere,
Quint. 6, 1, 31:
si Agricola in ipsam gloriam praeceps agebatur,
Tac. Agr. 41:
provinciam avaritia in bellum egerat,
id. A. 14, 32.—
C.
To drive, stir up, excite, agitate, rouse vehemently (cf. agito, II.):
me amor fugat, agit,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 8:
agunt eum praecipitem poenae civium Romanorum,
Cic. Verr. 1, 3:
perpetua naturalis bonitas, quae nullis casibus neque agitur neque minuitur,
Nep. Att. 9, 1 Brem.:
opportunitas, quae etiam mediocres viros spe praedae transvorsos agit,
i. e. leads astray, Sall. J. 6, 3; 14, 20; so Sen. Ep. 8, 3.— To pursue with hostile intent, to persecute, disturb, vex, to attack, assail (for the usu. agitare; mostly poet.):
reginam Alecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi,
Verg. A. 7, 405:
non res et agentia (i. e. agitantia, vexantia) verba Lycamben,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25:
acerba fata Romanos agunt,
id. Epod 7, 17:
diris agam vos,
id. ib. 5, 89:
quam deus ultor agebat,
Ov. M. 14, 750:
futurae mortis agor stimulis,
Luc. 4, 517; cf. Matth. ad Cic. Mur. § 21.—
D.
To drive at something, to pursue a course of action, i. e. to make something an object of action; either in the most general sense, like the Engl. do and the Gr. prattein, for every kind of mental or physical employment; or, in a more restricted sense, to exhibit in external action, to act or perform, to deliver or pronounce, etc., so that after the act is completed nothing remains permanent, e. g. a speech, dance, play, etc. (while facere, to make, poiein, denotes the production of an object which continues to exist after the act is completed; and gerere, the performance of the duties of an office or calling).—On these significations, v. Varr. 6, 6, 62, and 6, 7, 64, and 6, 8, 72.—For the more restricted signif. v. Quint. 2, 18, 1 sq.; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 7, 12; Hab. Syn. 426.
1.
In the most gen. signif., to do, act, labor, in opp. to rest or idleness.
a.
With the gen. objects, aliquid, nihil, plus, etc.:
numquam se plus agere quam nihil cum ageret,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17 (cf. with this, id. Off. 3, 1: numquam se minus otiosum esse quam cum otiosus esset): mihi, qui nihil agit, esse omnino non videtur. id. N. D. 2, 16, 46:
post satietatem nihil (est) agendum,
Cels. 1, 2.—Hence,
b.
Without object:
aliud agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi,
Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132; Juv. 16, 49:
agendi tempora,
Tac. H. 3, 40:
industria in agendo, celeritas in conficiendo,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 29.—
c.
In colloquial lang., to do, to fare, get on: quid agis? what are you doing? M. Tulli, quid agis? Cic. Cat. 1, 11:
Quid agis?
What's your business? Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 9; also, How goes it with you? How are you? ti pratteis, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 20; Cic. Fam. 7, 11 al.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 4:
vereor, quid agat,
how he is, Cic. Att. 9, 17:
ut sciatis, quid agam,
Vulg. Ephes. 6, 21:
prospere agit anima tua,
fares well, ib. 3 Joan. 2:
quid agitur?
how goes it with you? how do you do? how are you? Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17; 1, 5, 42; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:
Quid intus agitur?
is going on, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 20; id. Ps. 1, 5, 42 al.—
d.
With nihil or non multum, to do, i. e. to effect, accomplish, achieve nothing, or not much (orig. belonging to colloquial lang., but in the class. per. even in oratorical and poet. style): nihil agit;
collum obstringe homini,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 29:
nihil agis,
you effect nothing, it is of no use, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12:
nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61 Kuhn.; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 10: cupis, inquit, abire; sed nihil agis;
usque tenebo,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 15:
[nihil agis,] nihil assequeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15 B. and K.:
ubi blanditiis agitur nihil,
Ov. M. 6, 685: egerit non multum, has not done much, Curt. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29; cf. Ruhnk. ad Rutil. Lup. p. 120.—
e.
In certain circumstances, to proceed, do, act, manage (mostly belonging to familiar style): Thr. Quid nunc agimus? Gn. Quin redimus, What shall we do now? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 41:
hei mihi! quid faciam? quid agam?
what shall I do? how shall I act? id. Ad. 5, 3, 3:
quid agam, habeo,
id. And. 3, 2, 18 (= quid respondeam habeo, Don.) al.:
sed ita quidam agebat,
was so acting, Cic. Lig. 7, 21: a Burro minaciter actum, Burrus [p. 75] proceeded to threats, Tac. A. 13, 21.—
2.
To pursue, do, perform, transact (the most usual signif. of this word; in all periods; syn.: facere, efficere, transigere, gerere, tractare, curare): cui quod agat institutumst nullo negotio id agit, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 254 Vahl.): ut quae egi, ago, axim, verruncent bene, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 114 Rib.):
At nihil est, nisi, dum calet, hoc agitur,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 92:
Ut id agam, quod missus huc sum,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 44: homines quae agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea si cui in somno accidunt, minus mirum est, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:
observabo quam rem agat,
what he is going to do, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 114:
Id quidem ago,
That is what I am doing, Verg. E. 9, 37:
res vera agitur,
Juv. 4, 35:
Jam tempus agires,
Verg. A. 5, 638:
utilis rebus agendis,
Juv. 14, 72:
grassator ferro agit rem,
does the business with a dagger, id. 3, 305; 6, 659 (cf.:
gladiis geritur res,
Liv. 9, 41):
nihil ego nunc de istac re ago,
do nothing about that matter, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8:
postquam id actumst,
after this is accomplished, id. Am. 1, 1, 72; so,
sed quid actumst?
id. Ps. 2, 4, 20:
nihil aliud agebam nisi eum defenderem,
Cic. Sull. 12:
ne quid temere ac fortuitu, inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,
id. Off. 1, 29:
agamus quod instat,
Verg. E. 9, 66:
renuntiaverunt ei omnia, quae egerant,
Vulg. Marc. 6, 30; ib. Act. 5, 35:
suum negotium agere,
to mind one's business, attend to one's own affairs, Cic. Off. 1, 9; id. de Or. 3, 55, 211; so,
ut vestrum negotium agatis,
Vulg. 1 Thess. 4, 11:
neque satis Bruto constabat, quid agerent,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14:
postquam res in Africa gestas, quoque modo actae forent, fama divolgavit,
Sall. J. 30, 1:
sed tu delibera, utrum colloqui malis an per litteras agere quae cogitas,
Nep. Con. 3, 8 al. —With the spec. idea of completing, finishing: jucundi acti labores, a proverb in Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105.—
3.
To pursue in one's mind, to drive at, to revolve, to be occupied with, think upon, have in view, aim at (cf. agito, II. E., volvo and voluto):
nescio quid mens mea majus agit,
Ov. H. 12, 212:
hoc variis mens ipsa modis agit,
Val. Fl. 3, 392:
agere fratri proditionem,
Tac. H. 2, 26:
de intranda Britannia,
id. Agr. 13.—
4.
With a verbal subst., as a favorite circumlocution for the action indicated by the subst. (cf. in Gr. agô with verbal subst.):
rimas agere (sometimes ducere),
to open in cracks, fissures, to crack, Cic. Att. 14, 9; Ov. M. 2, 211; Luc. 6, 728: vos qui regalis corporis custodias agitis, keep watch over, guard, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1; so Liv. 5, 10:
vigilias agere,
Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 93; Nep. Thras. 4; Tac. H. 3, 76:
excubias alicui,
Ov. F. 3, 245:
excubias,
Tac. H. 4, 58:
pervigilium,
Suet. Vit. 10:
stationem agere,
to keep guard, Liv. 35, 29; Tac. H. 1, 28:
triumphum agere,
to triumph, Cic. Fam. 3, 10; Ov. M. 15, 757; Suet. Dom. 6:
libera arbitria agere,
to make free decisions, to decide arbitrarily, Liv. 24, 45; Curt. 6, 1, 19; 8, 1, 4:
paenitentiam agere,
to exercise repentance, to repent, Quint. 9, 3, 12; Petr. S. 132; Tac. Or. 15; Curt. 8, 6, 23; Plin. Ep. 7, 10; Vulg. Lev. 5, 5; ib. Matt. 3, 2; ib. Apoc. 2, 5:
silentia agere,
to maintain silence, Ov. M. 1, 349:
pacem agere,
Juv. 15, 163:
crimen agere,
to bring accusation, to accuse, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48:
laborem agere,
id. Fin. 2, 32:
cursus agere,
Ov. Am. 3, 6, 95:
delectum agere,
to make choice, to choose, Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 107; Quint. 10, 4, 5:
experimenta agere,
Liv. 9, 14; Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
mensuram,
id. 15, 3, 4, § 14:
curam agere,
to care for, Ov. H. 15, 302; Quint. 8, prooem. 18:
curam ejus egit,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 34:
oblivia agere,
to forget, Ov. M. 12, 540:
nugas agere,
to trifle, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 29; id. As. 1, 1, 78, and often:
officinas agere,
to keep shop, Inscr. Orell. 4266.—So esp.: agere gratias ( poet. grates; never in sing. gratiam), to give thanks, to thank; Gr. charin echein ( habere gratiam is to be or feel grateful; Gr. charin eidenai; and referre gratiam, to return a favor, requite; Gr. charin apodidonai; cf. Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 7):
diis gratias pro meritis agere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26:
Haud male agit gratias,
id. Aul. 4, 4, 31:
Magnas vero agere gratias Thais mihi?
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 1:
Dis magnas merito gratias habeo atque ago,
id. Phorm. 5, 6, 80: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter, Cic. Fam. 1, 10: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam;
nam relaturum me adfirmare non possum,
id. ib. 10, 11, 1: maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus, C. Caesar;
majores etiam habemus,
id. Marcell. 11, 33:
Trebatio magnas ago gratias, quod, etc.,
id. Fam. 11, 28, 8: renuntiate gratias regi me agere;
referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque, reliqui Caelites, * Cic. Rep. 6, 9:
gaudet et invito grates agit inde parenti,
Ov. M. 2, 152; so id. ib. 6, 435; 484; 10, 291; 681; 14, 596; Vulg. 2 Reg. 8, 10; ib. Matt. 15, 36 al.;
and in connection with this, laudes agere: Jovis fratri laudes ago et grates gratiasque habeo,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 2:
Dianae laudes gratesque agam,
id. Mil. 2, 5, 2; so,
diis immortalibus laudesque et grates egit,
Liv. 26, 48:
agi sibi gratias passus est,
Tac. Agr. 42; so id. H. 2, 71; 4, 51; id. A. 13, 21; but oftener grates or gratis in Tac.:
Tiberius egit gratis benevolentiae patrum, A. 6, 2: agit grates,
id. H. 3, 80; 4, 64; id. A. 2, 38; 2, 86; 3, 18; 3, 24; 4, 15 al.—
5.
Of time, to pass, spend (very freq. and class.): Romulus in caelo cum dis agit aevom, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28; so Pac. id. ib. 2, 21, 49, and Hor. S. 1, 5, 101:
tempus,
Tac. H. 4, 62; id. A. 3, 16: domi aetatem, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6:
aetatem in litteris,
Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:
senectutem,
id. Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 17, 60:
dies festos,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Tac. G. 17:
otia secura,
Verg. G. 3, 377; Ov. F. 1, 68; 4, 926:
ruri agere vitam,
Liv. 7, 39, and Tac. A. 15, 63:
vitam in terris,
Verg. G. 2, 538:
tranquillam vitam agere,
Vulg. 1 Tim. 2, 2:
Hunc (diem) agerem si,
Verg. A. 5, 51:
ver magnus agebat Orbis,
id. G. 2, 338:
aestiva agere,
to pass, be in, summer quarters, Liv. 27, 8; 27, 21; Curt. 5, 8, 24.— Pass.:
menses jam tibi esse actos vides,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 2:
mensis agitur hic septimus,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 34, and Ov. M. 7, 700:
melior pars acta (est) diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156; Juv. 4, 66; Tac. A. 15, 63:
acta est per lacrimas nox,
Ov. H. 12, 58 Ruhnk.:
tunc principium anni agebatur,
Liv. 3, 6:
actis quindecim annis in regno,
Just. 41, 5, 9:
Nona aetas agitur,
Juv. 13, 28 al. —With annus and an ordinal, to be of a certain age, to be so old:
quartum annum ago et octogesimum,
am eighty-four years old, Cic. Sen. 10, 32:
Annum agens sextum decimum patrem amisit,
Suet. Caes. 1.—Metaph.: sescentesimum et quadragesimum annum urbs nostra agebat, was in its 640 th year, Tac. G. 37.— Hence also absol. (rare), to pass or spend time, to live, to be, to be somewhere:
civitas laeta agere,
was joyful, Sall. J. 55, 2:
tum Marius apud primos agebat,
id. ib. 101, 6:
in Africa, qua procul a mari incultius agebatur,
id. ib. 89, 7:
apud illos homines, qui tum agebant,
Tac. A. 3, 19:
Thracia discors agebat,
id. ib. 3, 38:
Juxta Hermunduros Naristi agunt,
Tac. G. 42:
ultra jugum plurimae gentes agunt,
id. ib. 43:
Gallos trans Padum agentes,
id. H. 3, 34:
quibus (annis) exul Rhodi agit,
id. A. 1, 4:
agere inter homines desinere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
Vitellius non in ore volgi agere,
was not in the sight of the people, id. H. 3, 36:
ante aciem agere,
id. G. 7; and:
in armis agere,
id. A. 14, 55 = versari.—
6.
In the lang. of offerings, t. t., to despatch the victim, to kill, slay. In performing this rite, the sacrificer asked the priest, agone, shall I do it? and the latter answered, age or hoc age, do it:
qui calido strictos tincturus sanguine cultros semper, Agone? rogat, nec nisi jussus agit,
Ov. F. 1. 321 (cf. agonia and agonalia):
a tergo Chaeream cervicem (Caligulae) gladio caesim graviter percussisse, praemissa voce,
hoc age, Suet. Calig. 58; id. Galb. 20. —This call of the priest in act of solemn sacrifice, Hoc age, warned the assembled multitude to be quiet and give attention; hence hoc or id and sometimes haec or istuc agere was used for, to give attention to, to attend to, to mind, heed; and followed by ut or ne, to pursue a thing, have it in view, aim at, design, etc.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 1, 2, 15, and Suet. Calig. 58: hoc agite, Plaut. As. prol. init.:
Hoc age,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 152; id. Ep. 1, 6, 31:
Hoc agite, of poetry,
Juv. 7, 20:
hoc agamus,
Sen. Clem. 1, 12:
haec agamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49:
agere hoc possumus,
Lucr. 1, 41; 4, 969; Juv. 7, 48:
hoccine agis an non? hoc agam,
id. ib., Ter. And. 1, 2, 15; 2, 5, 4:
nunc istuc age,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 3 al.:
Hoc egit civis Romanus ante te nemo,
Cic. Lig. 4, 11:
id et agunt et moliuntur,
id. Mur. 38:
(oculi, aures, etc.) quasi fenestrae sunt animi, quibus tamen sentire nihil queat mens, nisi id agat et adsit,
id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: qui id egerunt, ut gentem... collocarent, aimed at this, that, etc., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12:
qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
keep it in view, that, id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?
id. Lig. 6, 18:
Hoc agit, ut doleas,
Juv. 5, 157:
Hoc age, ne mutata retrorsum te ferat aura,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 88:
Quid tuus ille destrictus gladius agebat?
have in view, mean, Cic. Leg. 3, 9:
Quid aliud egimus nisi ut, quod hic potest, nos possemus?
id. ib. 4, 10:
Sin autem id actum est, ut homines postremi pecuniis alienis locupletarentur,
id. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:
certiorem eum fecit, id agi, ut pons dissolveretur,
Nep. Them. 5, 1:
ego id semper egi, ne bellis interessem,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7.—Also, the opp.: alias res or aliud agere, not to attend to, heed, or observe, to pursue secondary or subordinate objects: Ch. Alias res agis. Pa. Istuc ago equidem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 57; id. Hec. 5, 3, 28:
usque eo animadverti eum jocari atque alias res agere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22:
atqui vides, quam alias res agamus,
id. de Or. 3, 14, 51; id. Brut. 66, 233:
aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodi cogitans,
id. Clu. 64.—
7.
In relation to public affairs, to conduct, manage, carry on, administer: agere bellum, to carry on or wage war (embracing the whole theory and practice of war, while bellum gerere designates the bodily and mental effort, and the bearing of the necessary burdens; and bellum facere, the actual outbreak of hostile feelings, v. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 28):
qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum agere instituerunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Antiochus si tam in agendo bello parere voluisset consiliis ejus (Hannibalis) quam in suscipiendo instituerat, etc.,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3; Curt. 4, 10, 29:
aliena bella mercedibus agere,
Mel. 1, 16:
Bellaque non puero tractat agenda puer,
Ov. A. A. 1, 182 (also in id. Tr. 2, 230, Gron. Observ. 2, 3, 227, for the usu. obit, with one MS., reads agit; so Merkel).— Poet.:
Martem for bellum,
Luc. 4, 2: agere proelium, to give battle (very rare):
levibus proeliis cum Gallis actis,
Liv. 22, 9.—Of offices, employments, etc., to conduct, exercise, administer, hold:
forum agere,
to hold court, Cic. Fam. 8, 6; and:
conventus agere,
to hold the assizes, id. Verr. 5, 11, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 54; 6, 44;
used of the governors of provinces: judicium agere,
Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:
vivorum coetus agere,
to make assemblies of, to assemble, Tac. A. 16, 34:
censum agere,
Liv. 3, 22; Tac. A. 14, 46; Suet. Aug. 27:
recensum agere,
id. Caes. 41:
potestatem agere,
Flor. 1, 7, 2:
honorem agere,
Liv. 8, 26:
regnum,
Flor. 1, 6, 2:
rem publicam,
Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 8:
consulatum,
Quint. 12, 1, 16:
praefecturam,
Suet. Tib. 6:
centurionatum,
Tac. A. 1, 44:
senatum,
Suet. Caes. 88:
fiscum agere,
to have charge of the treasury, id. Dom. 12:
publicum agere,
to collect the taxes, id. Vesp. 1:
inquisitionem agere,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
curam alicujus rei agere,
to have the management of, to manage, Liv. 6, 15; Suet. Claud. 18:
rei publicae curationem agens,
Liv. 4, 13: dilectum agere, to make a levy, to levy (postAug. for dilectum habere, Cic., Caes., Sall.), Quint. 12, 3, 5; Tac. A. 2, 16; id. Agr. 7 and 10; id. H. 2, 16, 12; Suet. Calig. 43. —
8.
Of civil and political transactions in the senate, the forum, before tribunals of justice, etc., to manage or transact, to do, to discuss, plead, speak, deliberate; constr. aliquid or de aliqua re:
velim recordere, quae ego de te in senatu egerim, quae in contionibus dixerim,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2; 1, 9:
de condicionibus pacis,
Liv. 8, 37:
de summa re publica,
Suet. Caes. 28:
cum de Catilinae conjuratione ageretur in curia,
id. Aug. 94:
de poena alicujus,
Liv. 5, 36:
de agro plebis,
id. 1, 46.—Hence the phrase: agere cum populo, of magistrates, to address the people in a public assembly, for the purpose of obtaining their approval or rejection of a thing (while [p. 76] agere ad populum signifies to propose, to bring before the people):
cum populo agere est rogare quid populum, quod suffragiis suis aut jubeat aut vetet,
Gell. 13, 15, 10:
agere cum populo de re publica,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 12; id. Lael. 25, 96:
neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat neve cum populo agat,
Sall. C. 51, 43.—So also absol.:
hic locus (rostra) ad agendum amplissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1:
Metellus cum agere coepisset, tertio quoque verbo orationis suae me appellabat,
id. Fam. 5, 2.— Transf. to common life.
a.
Agere cum aliquo, de aliquo or re or ut, to treat, deal, negotiate, confer, talk with one about a person or thing; to endeavor to persuade or move one, that, etc.: nihil age tecum (sc. cum odore vini);
ubi est ipsus (vini lepos)?
I have nothing to do with you, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 11:
Quae (patria) tecum, Catilina, sic agit,
thus pleads, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 18:
algae Inquisitores agerent cum remige nudo,
Juv. 4, 49:
haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant,
thus treated together, Verg. A. 11, 445:
de quo et praesens tecum egi diligenter, et scripsi ad te accurate antea,
Cic. Fam. 13, 75:
egi cum Claudia et cum vestra sorore Mucia, ut eum ab illa injuria deterrerent,
id. ib. 5, 2:
misi ad Metellum communes amicos, qui agerent cum eo, ut de illa mente desisteret,
id. ib. 5, 2:
Callias quidam egit cum Cimone, ut eam (Elpinicen) sibi uxorem daret,
Nep. Cim. 1, 3.—Also absol.:
Alcibiades praesente vulgo agere coepit,
Nep. Alc. 8, 2:
si qua Caesares obtinendae Armeniae egerant,
Tac. A. 15, 14:
ut Lucretius agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,
Liv. 2, 2.—In Suet. once agere cum senatu, with acc. and inf., to propose or state to the Senate:
Tiberius egit cum senatu non debere talia praemia tribui,
Suet. Tib. 54.—
b.
With the advv. bene, praeclare, male, etc., to deal well or ill with one, to treat or use well or ill:
facile est bene agere cum eis, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 14, 11:
bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade, si, etc.,
Val. Max. 5, 3, 3 ext.; Vulg. Jud. 9, 16:
praeclare cum aliquo agere,
Cic. Sest. 23:
Male agis mecum,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 21:
qui cum creditoribus suis male agat,
Cic. Quinct. 84; and:
tu contra me male agis,
Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—Freq. in pass., to be or go well or ill with one, to be well or badly off:
intelleget secum actum esse pessime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50:
praeclare mecum actum puto,
id. Fam. 9, 24; so id. ib. 5, 18: exstat cujusdam non inscitus jocus bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si Domitius pater talem habuisset uxorem, it would have gone well with human affairs, been well for mankind, if, etc., Suet. Ner. 28.—Also absol. without cum: agitur praeclare, si nosmet ipsos regere possumus, it is well done if, etc., it is a splendid thing if, etc., Cic. Fam. 4, 14:
vivitur cum eis, in quibus praeclare agitur si sunt simulacra virtutis,
id. Off. 1, 15:
bene agitur pro noxia,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—
9.
Of transactions before a court or tribunal.
a.
Aliquid agere ex jure, ex syngrapha, ex sponso, or simply the abl. jure, lege, litibus, obsignatis tabellis, causa, to bring an action or suit, to manage a cause, to plead a case:
ex jure civili et praetorio agere,
Cic. Caecin. 12:
tamquam ex syngrapha agere cum populo,
to litigate, id. Mur. 17:
ex sponso egit,
id. Quint. 9: Ph. Una injuriast Tecum. Ch. Lege agito ergo, Go to law, then, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90:
agere lege in hereditatem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175; Ov. F. 1, 48; Liv. 9, 46:
cum illo se lege agere dicebat,
Nep. Tim. 5: summo jure agere, to assert or claim one's right to the full extent of the law, Cic. Off. 1, 11:
non enim gladiis mecum, sed litibus agetur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 4:
causa quam vi agere malle,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
tabellis obsignatis agis mecum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:
Jure, ut opinor, agat, jure increpet inciletque,
with right would bring her charge, Lucr. 3, 963; so,
Castrensis jurisdictio plura manu agens,
settles more cases by force, Tac. Agr. 9:
ubi manu agitur,
when the case is settled by violent hands, id. G. 36.—
b.
Causam or rem agere, to try or plead a case; with apud, ad, or absol.:
causam apud centumviros egit,
Cic. Caecin. 24:
Caesar cum ageret apud censores,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10; so with adversus:
egi causam adversus magistratus,
Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 11:
orator agere dicitur causam,
Varr. L. L. 6, 42: causam isto modo agere, Cic. Lig. 4, 10; Tac. Or. 5; 11; 14; Juv. 2, 51; 14, 132:
agit causas liberales,
Cic. Fam. 8, 9: qui ad rem agendam adsunt, M. Cael. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 51:
cum (M. Tullius) et ipsam se rem agere diceret,
Quint. 12, 10, 45: Gripe, accede huc;
tua res agitur,
is being tried, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 104; Quint. 8, 3, 13;
and extra-judicially: rogo ad Caesarem meam causam agas,
Cic. Fam. 5, 10:
Una (factio) populi causam agebat, altera optimatum,
Nep. Phoc. 3; so, agere, absol., to plead' ad judicem sic agi solet, Cic. Lig. 10:
tam solute agere, tam leniter,
id. Brut. 80:
tu istuc nisi fingeres, sic ageres?
id. ib. 80; Juv. 7, 143 and 144; 14, 32.— Transf. to common life; with de or acc., to discuss, treat, speak of:
Sed estne hic ipsus, de quo agebam?
of whom I was speaking, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53:
causa non solum exponenda, sed etiam graviter copioseque agenda est,
to be discussed, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37:
Samnitium bella, quae agimus,
are treating of, Liv. 10, 31.—Hence,
c.
Agere aliquem reum, to proceed against one as accused, to accuse one, Liv. 4, 42; 24, 25; Tac. A. 14, 18:
reus agitur,
id. ib. 15, 20; 3, 13; and with the gen. of the crime, with which one is charged:
agere furti,
to accuse of theft, Cic. Fam. 7, 22:
adulterii cum aliquo,
Quint. 4, 4, 8:
injuriarum,
id. 3, 6, 19; and often in the Pandects.—
d.
Pass. of the thing which is the subject of accusation, to be in suit or in question; it concerns or affects, is about, etc.:
non nunc pecunia, sed illud agitur, quomodo, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 67:
non capitis ei res agitur, sed pecuniae,
the point in dispute, id. Phorm. 4, 3, 26:
aguntur injuriae sociorum, agitur vis legum, agitur existimatio, veritasque judiciorum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:
si magna res, magna hereditas agetur,
id. Fin. 2, 17: qua de re agitur, what the point of dispute or litigation is, id. Brut. 79.—Hence, trop.,
(α).
Res agitur, the case is on trial, i. e. something is at stake or at hazard, in peril, or in danger:
at nos, quarum res agitur, aliter auctores sumus,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 72:
quasi istic mea res minor agatur quam tua,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113:
agitur populi Romani gloria, agitur salus sociorum atque amicorum, aguntur certissima populi Romani vectigalia et maxima, aguntur bona multorum civium,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:
in quibus eorum aut caput agatur aut fama,
id. Lael. 17, 61; Nep. Att. 15, 2:
non libertas solum agebatur,
Liv. 28, 19; Sen. Clem. 1, 20 al.:
nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84 (= in periculo versatur, Lambin.):
agitur pars tertia mundi,
is at stake, I am in danger of losing, Ov. M. 5, 372.—
(β).
Res acta est, the case is over (and done for): acta haec res est;
perii,
this matter is ended, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3: hence, actum est de aliquo or aliqua re, it is all over with a person or thing:
actum hodie est de me,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63:
jam de Servio actum,
Liv. 1, 47:
actum est de collo meo,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 4, 194.—So also absol.: actumst;
ilicet me infelicem,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 17:
si animus hominem pepulit, actumst,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 27; Ter. And. 3, 1, 7; Cic. Att. 5, 15:
actumst, ilicet, peristi,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 9: periimus;
actumst,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 3.—
(γ).
Rem actam agere, to plead a case already finished, i. e. to act to no purpose:
rem actam agis,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 27; id. Cist. 4, 2, 36; Liv. 28, 40; so,
actum or acta agere: actum, aiunt, ne agas,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Att. 9, 18:
acta agimus,
id. Am. 22.—
10.
To represent by external action, to perform, pronounce, deliver, etc.
a.
Of an orator, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 79:
quae sic ab illo acta esse constabat oculis, voce, gestu, inimici ut lacrimas tenere non possent,
id. ib. 3, 56, 214:
agere fortius et audentius volo,
Tac. Or. 18; 39.—
b.
Of an actor, to represent, play, act:
Ipse hanc acturust Juppiter comoediam,
Plaut. Am. prol. 88; so,
fabulam,
Ter. Ad. prol. 12; id. Hec. prol. 22:
dum haec agitur fabula,
Plaut. Men. prol. 72 al.:
partis,
to have a part in a play, Ter. Phorm. prol. 27:
Ballionem illum cum agit, agit Chaeream,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7:
gestum agere in scaena,
id. de Or. 2, 57:
dicitur canticum egisse aliquanto magis vigente motu,
Liv. 7, 2 al. — Transf. to other relations, to represent or personate one, to act the part of, to act as, behave like: has partes lenitatis semper egi, Cic. Mur. 3:
egi illos omnes adulescentes, quos ille actitat,
id. Fam. 2, 9:
amicum imperatoris,
Tac. H. 1, 30:
exulem,
id. A. 1, 4:
socium magis imperii quam ministrum,
id. H. 2, 83:
senatorem,
Tac. A. 16, 28.—So of things poetically:
utrinque prora frontem agit,
serves as a bow, Tac. G. 44.—
11.
Se agere = se gerere, to carry one's self, to behave, deport one's self:
tanta mobilitate sese Numidae agunt,
Sall. J. 56, 5:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint,
Tac. H. 3, 2 Halm:
qui se pro equitibus Romanis agerent,
Suet. Claud. 25:
non principem se, sed ministrum egit,
id. ib. 29:
neglegenter se et avare agere,
Eutr. 6, 9:
prudenter se agebat,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5:
sapienter se agebat,
ib. 4 Reg. 18, 7. —Also absol.:
seditiose,
Tac. Agr. 7:
facile justeque,
id. ib. 9:
superbe,
id. H. 2, 27:
ex aequo,
id. ib. 4, 64:
anxius et intentus agebat,
id. Agr. 5.—
12.
Imper.: age, agite, Ter., Tib., Lucr., Hor., Ov., never using agite, and Catull. never age, with which compare the Gr. age, agete (also accompanied by the particles dum, eia, en, ergo, igitur, jam, modo, nuncjam, porro, quare, quin, sane, vero, verum, and by sis); as an exclamation.
a.
In encouragement, exhortation, come! come on! (old Engl. go to!) up! on! quick! (cf. I. B. fin.).
(α).
In the sing.:
age, adsta, mane, audi, Enn. ap. Delr. Synt. 1, 99: age i tu secundum,
come, follow me! Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 1:
age, perge, quaeso,
id. Cist. 2, 3, 12:
age, da veniam filio,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14:
age, age, nunc experiamur,
id. ib. 5, 4, 23:
age sis tu... delude,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 89; id. Ep. 3, 4, 39; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 16:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint, agedum eam solve cistulam,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 151; id. Capt. 3, 4, 39:
Agedum vicissim dic,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Eun. 4, 4, 27:
agedum humanis concede,
Lucr. 3, 962:
age modo hodie sero,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103:
age nuncjam,
id. And. 5, 2, 25:
En age, quid cessas,
Tib. 2, 2, 10:
Quare age,
Verg. A. 7, 429:
Verum age,
id. ib. 12, 832:
Quin age,
id. G. 4, 329:
en, age, Rumpe moras,
id. ib. 3, 43:
eia age,
id. A. 4, 569.—
(β).
In the plur.:
agite, pugni,
up, fists, and at 'em! Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 146:
agite bibite,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 1, 3, 68:
agite in modum dicite,
Cat. 61, 38:
Quare agite... conjungite,
id. 64, 372; Verg. A. 1, 627:
vos agite... volvite,
Val. Fl. 3, 311:
agite nunc, divites, plorate,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 1:
agitedum,
Liv. 3, 62.—Also age in the sing., with a verb in the plur. (cf. age tamnete, Hom. Od. 3, 332; age dê trapeiomen, id. Il. 3, 441):
age igitur, intro abite,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:
En agedum convertite,
Prop. 1, 1, 21:
mittite, agedum, legatos,
Liv. 38, 47:
Ite age,
Stat. Th. 10, 33:
Huc age adeste,
Sil. 11, 169.—
b.
In transitions in discourse, well then! well now! well! (esp. in Cic. Or. very freq.). So in Plaut. for resuming discourse that has been interrupted: age, tu interea huic somnium narra, Curc. 2, 2, 5: nunc age, res quoniam docui non posse creari, etc., well now, since I have taught, etc., Lucr. 1, 266:
nunc age, quod superest, cognosce et clarius audi,
id. 1, 920; so id. 1, 952; 2, 62; 333; 730; 3, 418;
4, 109 al.: age porro, tu, qui existimari te voluisti interpretem foederum, cur, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22; so id. Rosc. Am. 16; id. Part. 12; id. Att. 8, 3.—And age (as in a.) with a verb in the plur.:
age vero, ceteris in rebus qualis sit temperantia considerate,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14; so id. Sull. 26; id. Mil. 21; id. Rosc. Am. 37.—
c.
As a sign of assent, well! very well! good! right! Age, age, mansero, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 61: age, age, jam ducat;
dabo,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 57:
Age, veniam,
id. And. 4, 2, 30:
age, sit ita factum,
Cic. Mil. 19:
age sane,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 27; Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119.
► Position.
—Age, used with another verb in the imperative, regularly stands before it, but in poetry, for the sake of the metre, it,
I.
Sometimes follows such verb; as,
a.
In dactylic metre:
Cede agedum,
Prop. 5, 9, 54:
Dic age,
Verg. A. 6, 343; Hor. S. 2, 7, 92; Ov. F. 1, 149:
Esto age,
Pers. 2, 42:
Fare age,
Verg. A. 3, 362:
Finge age,
Ov. H. 7, 65:
Redde age,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 80:
Surge age,
Verg. A. 3, 169; 8, 59; 10, 241; Ov. H. 14, 73:
Vade age,
Verg. A. 3, 462; 4, 422; so,
agite: Ite agite,
Prop. 4, 3, 7.—
b.
In other metres (very rarely):
appropera age,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 38:
dic age,
Hor. C. 1, [p. 77] 32, 3; 2, 11, 22;
3, 4, 1.—So also in prose (very rarely): Mittite agedum,
Liv. 38, 47:
procedat agedum ad pugnam,
id. 7, 9.—
II.
It is often separated from such verb:
age me huc adspice,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 118; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:
Age... instiga,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 10; 5, 6, 11:
Quare agite... conjungite,
Cat. 64, 372:
Huc age... veni,
Tib. 2, 5, 2:
Ergo age cervici imponere nostrae,
Verg. A. 2, 707:
en age segnis Rumpe moras,
id. G. 3, 42:
age te procellae Crede,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 62:
Age jam... condisce,
id. ib. 4, 11, 31; id. S. 2, 7, 4.—Hence,
1.
ăgens, entis, P. a.
A.
Adj.
1.
Efficient, effective, powerful (only in the rhet. lang. of Cic.):
utendum est imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358:
acre orator, incensus et agens,
id. Brut. 92, 317.— Comp. and sup. not used.
► 2.
Agentia verba, in the grammarians, for verba activa, Gell. 18, 12.—
B.
Subst.: ăgentes, ium.
a.
Under the emperors, a kind of secret police (also called frumentarii and curiosi), Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.; Dig. 1, 12; 1, 20; 21; 22; 23, etc.; Amm. 15, 3; 14, 11 al.—
b.
For agrimensores, land-surveyors, Hyg. Lim. p. 179.—
2.
actus, a, um, P. a. Lit., that has been transacted in the Senate, in the forum, before the courts of justice, etc.; hence,
A.
actum, i, n., a public transaction in the Senate, before the people, or before a single magistrate:
actum ejus, qui in re publica cum imperio versatus sit,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7:
acta Caesaris servanda censeo,
id. ib. 1, 7:
acta tui praeclari tribunatus,
id. Dom. 31.—
B.
acta publĭca, or absol.: acta, orum, n., the register of public acts, records, journal. Julius Caesar, in his consulship, ordered that the doings of the Senate (diurna acta) should be made public, Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Ernest. Exc. 1;
but Augustus again prohibited it,
Suet. Aug. 36. Still the acts of the Senate were written down, and, under the succeeding emperors. certain senators were appointed to this office (actis vel commentariis Senatus conficiendis), Tac. A. 5, 4. They had also public registers of the transactions of the assemblies of the people, and of the different courts of justice;
also of births and deaths, marriages, divorces, etc., which were preserved as sources of future history.—Hence, diurna urbis acta,
the city journal, Tac. A. 13, 31:
acta populi,
Suet. Caes. 20:
acta publica,
Tac. A. 12, 24; Suet. Tib. 8; Plin. Ep. 7, 33:
urbana,
id. ib. 9, 15; which were all comprehended under the gen. name acta.
1.
With the time added:
acta eorum temporum,
Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 60:
illius temporis,
Ascon. Mil. 44, 16:
ejus anni,
Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147.—
2.
Absol., Cic. Fam. 12, 8; 22, 1; 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 10; 3, 16; Suet. Calig. 8; Quint. 9, 3; Juv. 2, 136: Quis dabit historico, quantum daret acta legenti, i. e. to the actuarius, q. v., id. 7, 104; cf. Bahr's Rom. Lit. Gesch. 303.—
C.
acta triumphōrum, the public record of triumphs, fuller than the Fasti triumphales, Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 12.—
D.
acta fŏri (v. Inscr. Grut. 445, 10), the records,
a.
Of strictly historical transactions, Amm. 22, 3, 4; Dig. 4, 6, 33, § 1.—
b.
Of matters of private right, as wills, gifts, bonds (acta ad jus privatorum pertinentia, Dig. 49, 14, 45, § 4), Fragm. Vat. §§ 249, 266, 268, 317.—
E.
acta militarĭa, the daily records of the movements of a legion, Veg. R. R. 2, 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > acta publica
11 acta triumphorum

ăgo, egi, actum, 3, v. a. (axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. axitiosi, p. 3 Mull.;
axit = egerit,
Paul. Diac. 3, 3;
AGIER = agi,
Cic. Off. 3, 15;
agentum = agentium,
Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6) [cf. agô; Sanscr. ag, aghami = to go, to drive; agmas = way, train = ogmos; agis = race, contest = agôn; perh. also Germ. jagen, to drive, to hunt], to put in motion, to move (syn.: agitare, pellere, urgere).
I.
Lit.
A.
Of cattle and other animals, to lead, drive.
a.
Absol.: agas asellum, Seip. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 258:
jumenta agebat,
Liv. 1, 48:
capellas ago,
Verg. E. 1, 13:
Pars quia non veniant pecudes, sed agantur, ab actu etc.,
Ov. F. 1, 323:
caballum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 36.—
b.
With acc. of place, prep., sup., or inf.:
agere bovem Romam,
Curt. 1, 45:
equum in hostem,
id. 7, 4:
Germani in amnem aguntur,
Tac. H. 5, 21:
acto ad vallum equo,
id. A. 2, 13:
pecora per calles,
Curt. 7, 11:
per devia rura capellas,
Ov. M. 1, 676:
pecus pastum,
Varr. L. L. 6, 41, p. 88 Mull.:
capellas potum age,
Verg. E. 9, 23:
pecus egit altos Visere montes,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 7.—
B.
Of men, to drive, lead, conduct, impel.
a.
Absol.:
agmen agens equitum,
Verg. A. 7, 804.—
b.
With prep., abl., or inf.:
vinctum ante se Thyum agebat,
Nep. Dat. 3:
agitur praeceps exercitus Lydorum in populos,
Sil. 4, 720:
(adulteram) maritus per omnem vicum verbere agit,
Tac. G. 19; Suet. Calig. 27:
captivos prae se agentes,
Curt. 7, 6; Liv. 23, 1:
acti ante suum quisque praedonem catenati,
Quint. 8, 3, 69:
captivos sub curribus agere,
Mart. 8, 26:
agimur auguriis quaerere exilia,
Verg. A. 3, 5;
and simple for comp.: multis milibus armatorum actis ex ea regione = coactis,
Liv. 44, 31.— In prose: agi, to be led, to march, to go:
quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur,
Liv. 10, 29: si citius agi vellet agmen, that the army would move, or march on quicker, id. 2, 58:
raptim agmine acto,
id. 6, 28; so id. 23, 36; 25, 9.— Trop.:
egit sol hiemem sub terras,
Verg. G. 4, 51:
poemata dulcia sunto Et quocumque volent animum auditoris agunto,
lead the mind, Hor. A. P. 100. —Hence, poet.: se agere, to betake one's self, i. e. to go, to come (in Plaut. very freq.;
also in Ter., Verg., etc.): quo agis te?
where are you going? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 294:
unde agis te?
id. Most. 1, 4, 28; so id. ib. 3, 1, 31; id. Mil. 3, 2, 49; id. Poen. 1, 2, 120; id. Pers. 4, 3, 13; id. Trin. 4, 3, 71:
quo hinc te agis?
where are you going, Ter. And. 4, 2, 25:
Ecce gubernator sese Palinurus agebat,
was moving along, Verg. A. 6, 337:
Aeneas se matutinus agebat,
id. ib. 8, 465:
is enim se primus agebat,
for he strode on in front, id. ib. 9, 696.—Also without se:
Et tu, unde agis?
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 20:
Quo agis?
id. Pers. 2, 2, 34:
Huc age,
Tib. 2, 5, 2 (unless age is here to be taken with veni at the end of the line).—
C.
To drive or carry off (animals or men), to steal, rob, plunder (usually abigere):
Et redigunt actos in sua rura boves,
Ov. F. 3, 64.—So esp. freq. of men or animals taken as booty in war, while ferre is used of portable things; hence, ferre et agere (as in Gr. agein kai pherein, Hom. Il. 5, 484; and reversed, pherein kai agein, in Hdt. and Xen.; cf.:
rapiunt feruntque,
Verg. A. 2, 374:
rapere et auferre,
Cic. Off. 1, 14), in gen., to rob, to plunder: res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv. 22, 3:
ut ferri agique res suas viderunt,
id. 38, 15; so id. 3, 37;
so also: rapere agereque: ut ex alieno agro raperent agerentque,
Liv. 22, 1, 2; but portari atque agi means to bear and carry, to bring together, in Caes. B. C. 2, 29 (as pherein kai agein in Plat. Phaedr. 279, C):
ne pulcram praedam agat,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 3:
urbes, agros vastare, praedas agere,
Sall. J. 20, 8; 32, 3:
pecoris et mancipiorum praedas,
id. ib. 44, 5;
so eccl. Lat.: agere praedas de aliquo,
Vulg. Jud. 9, 16; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8; cf. Gron. Obs. 3, 22, 633.—
D.
To chase, pursue, press animals or men, to drive about or onwards in flight (for the usual agitare).
a.
Of animals:
apros,
Verg. G. 3, 412:
cervum,
id. A. 7, 481; cf. id. ib. 4, 71:
citos canes,
Ov. H. 5, 20:
feros tauros,
Suet. Claud. 21.—
b.
Of men:
ceteros ruerem, agerem,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21 (= prosequerer, premerem, Don.):
ita perterritos egerunt, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 4, 12:
Demoleos cursu palantis Troas agebat,
Verg. A. 5, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 574:
aliquem in exsilium,
Liv. 25, 2; so Just. 2, 9, 6; 16, 4, 4; 17, 3, 17;
22, 1, 16 al.: aliquem in fugam,
id. 16, 2, 3.—
E.
Of inanimate or abstract objects, to move, impel, push forwards, advance, carry to or toward any point:
quid si pater cuniculos agat ad aerarium?
lead, make, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90:
egisse huc Alpheum vias,
made its way, Verg. A. 3, 695:
vix leni et tranquillo mari moles agi possunt,
carry, build out, Curt. 4, 2, 8:
cloacam maximam sub terram agendam,
to be carried under ground, Liv. 1, 56;
so often in the histt., esp. Caes. and Livy, as t. t., of moving forwards the battering engines: celeriter vineis ad oppidum actis,
pushed forwards, up, Caes. B. G. 2, 12 Herz.; so id. ib. 3, 21; 7, 17; id. B. C. 2, 1; Liv. 8, 16:
accelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci,
Verg. A. 9, 505 al.:
fugere colles campique videntur, quos agimus praeter navem, i. e. praeter quos agimus navem,
Lucr. 4, 391:
in litus passim naves egerunt,
drove the ships ashore, Liv. 22, 19:
ratem in amnem,
Ov. F. 1, 500:
naves in advorsum amnem,
Tac. H. 4, 22.— Poet.: agere navem, to steer or direct a ship, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 114; so,
agere currum,
to drive a chariot, Ov. M. 2, 62; 2, 388 al.—
F.
To stir up, to throw out, excite, cause, bring forth (mostly poet.):
scintillasque agere ac late differre favillam,
to throw out sparks and scatter ashes far around, Lucr. 2, 675:
spumas ore,
Verg. G. 3, 203; so Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66:
piceum Flumen agit,
Verg. A. 9, 814:
qui vocem cubantes sensim excitant, eandemque cum egerunt, etc.,
when they have brought it forth, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —Hence, animam agere, to expel the breath of life, give up the ghost, expire:
agens animam spumat,
Lucr. 3, 493:
anhelans vaga vadit, animam agens,
Cat. 63, 31:
nam et agere animam et efflare dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:
Hortensius, cum has litteras scripsi, animam agebat,
id. Fam. 8, 13, 2; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:
eodem tempore et gestum et animam ageres,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 8:
Est tanti habere animam ut agam?
Sen. Ep. 101, 12; and with a play upon words: semper agis causas et res agis, Attale, semper. Est, non est, quod agas, Attale, semper agis. Si res et causae desunt, agis, Attale, mulas;
Attale, ne quod agas desit, agas animam,
Mart. 1, 80.—
G.
Of plants, to put forth or out, to shoot, extend:
(salices) gemmas agunt,
Varr. R. R. 1, 30:
florem agere coeperit ficus,
Col. R. R. 5, 10, 10:
frondem agere,
Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 45:
se ad auras palmes agit,
Verg. G. 2, 364:
(platanum) radices trium et triginta cubitorum egisse,
Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 15:
per glebas sensim radicibus actis,
Ov. M. 4, 254; so id. ib. 2, 583:
robora suas radices in profundum agunt,
Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 127.—Metaph.:
vera gloria radices agit,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
pluma in cutem radices egerat imas,
Ov. M. 2, 582.
II.
Trop.
A.
Spec., to guide, govern:
Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur,
Verg. A. 1, 574; cf. Forbig. ad h. 1., who considers it the only instance of this use, and compares a similar use of agô; v. L. and S. s. v. II. 2.—
B.
In gen., to move, impel, excite, urge to a thing, to prompt or induce to:
si quis ad illa deus te agat,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 24:
una plaga ceteros ad certamen egit,
Liv. 9, 41; 8, 7; 39, 15: quae te, germane, furentem Mens agit in facinus? Ov. M. 5, 14:
totis mentibus acta,
Sil. 10, 191:
in furorem agere,
Quint. 6, 1, 31:
si Agricola in ipsam gloriam praeceps agebatur,
Tac. Agr. 41:
provinciam avaritia in bellum egerat,
id. A. 14, 32.—
C.
To drive, stir up, excite, agitate, rouse vehemently (cf. agito, II.):
me amor fugat, agit,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 8:
agunt eum praecipitem poenae civium Romanorum,
Cic. Verr. 1, 3:
perpetua naturalis bonitas, quae nullis casibus neque agitur neque minuitur,
Nep. Att. 9, 1 Brem.:
opportunitas, quae etiam mediocres viros spe praedae transvorsos agit,
i. e. leads astray, Sall. J. 6, 3; 14, 20; so Sen. Ep. 8, 3.— To pursue with hostile intent, to persecute, disturb, vex, to attack, assail (for the usu. agitare; mostly poet.):
reginam Alecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi,
Verg. A. 7, 405:
non res et agentia (i. e. agitantia, vexantia) verba Lycamben,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25:
acerba fata Romanos agunt,
id. Epod 7, 17:
diris agam vos,
id. ib. 5, 89:
quam deus ultor agebat,
Ov. M. 14, 750:
futurae mortis agor stimulis,
Luc. 4, 517; cf. Matth. ad Cic. Mur. § 21.—
D.
To drive at something, to pursue a course of action, i. e. to make something an object of action; either in the most general sense, like the Engl. do and the Gr. prattein, for every kind of mental or physical employment; or, in a more restricted sense, to exhibit in external action, to act or perform, to deliver or pronounce, etc., so that after the act is completed nothing remains permanent, e. g. a speech, dance, play, etc. (while facere, to make, poiein, denotes the production of an object which continues to exist after the act is completed; and gerere, the performance of the duties of an office or calling).—On these significations, v. Varr. 6, 6, 62, and 6, 7, 64, and 6, 8, 72.—For the more restricted signif. v. Quint. 2, 18, 1 sq.; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 7, 12; Hab. Syn. 426.
1.
In the most gen. signif., to do, act, labor, in opp. to rest or idleness.
a.
With the gen. objects, aliquid, nihil, plus, etc.:
numquam se plus agere quam nihil cum ageret,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17 (cf. with this, id. Off. 3, 1: numquam se minus otiosum esse quam cum otiosus esset): mihi, qui nihil agit, esse omnino non videtur. id. N. D. 2, 16, 46:
post satietatem nihil (est) agendum,
Cels. 1, 2.—Hence,
b.
Without object:
aliud agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi,
Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132; Juv. 16, 49:
agendi tempora,
Tac. H. 3, 40:
industria in agendo, celeritas in conficiendo,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 29.—
c.
In colloquial lang., to do, to fare, get on: quid agis? what are you doing? M. Tulli, quid agis? Cic. Cat. 1, 11:
Quid agis?
What's your business? Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 9; also, How goes it with you? How are you? ti pratteis, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 20; Cic. Fam. 7, 11 al.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 4:
vereor, quid agat,
how he is, Cic. Att. 9, 17:
ut sciatis, quid agam,
Vulg. Ephes. 6, 21:
prospere agit anima tua,
fares well, ib. 3 Joan. 2:
quid agitur?
how goes it with you? how do you do? how are you? Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17; 1, 5, 42; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:
Quid intus agitur?
is going on, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 20; id. Ps. 1, 5, 42 al.—
d.
With nihil or non multum, to do, i. e. to effect, accomplish, achieve nothing, or not much (orig. belonging to colloquial lang., but in the class. per. even in oratorical and poet. style): nihil agit;
collum obstringe homini,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 29:
nihil agis,
you effect nothing, it is of no use, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12:
nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61 Kuhn.; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 10: cupis, inquit, abire; sed nihil agis;
usque tenebo,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 15:
[nihil agis,] nihil assequeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15 B. and K.:
ubi blanditiis agitur nihil,
Ov. M. 6, 685: egerit non multum, has not done much, Curt. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29; cf. Ruhnk. ad Rutil. Lup. p. 120.—
e.
In certain circumstances, to proceed, do, act, manage (mostly belonging to familiar style): Thr. Quid nunc agimus? Gn. Quin redimus, What shall we do now? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 41:
hei mihi! quid faciam? quid agam?
what shall I do? how shall I act? id. Ad. 5, 3, 3:
quid agam, habeo,
id. And. 3, 2, 18 (= quid respondeam habeo, Don.) al.:
sed ita quidam agebat,
was so acting, Cic. Lig. 7, 21: a Burro minaciter actum, Burrus [p. 75] proceeded to threats, Tac. A. 13, 21.—
2.
To pursue, do, perform, transact (the most usual signif. of this word; in all periods; syn.: facere, efficere, transigere, gerere, tractare, curare): cui quod agat institutumst nullo negotio id agit, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 254 Vahl.): ut quae egi, ago, axim, verruncent bene, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 114 Rib.):
At nihil est, nisi, dum calet, hoc agitur,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 92:
Ut id agam, quod missus huc sum,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 44: homines quae agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea si cui in somno accidunt, minus mirum est, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:
observabo quam rem agat,
what he is going to do, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 114:
Id quidem ago,
That is what I am doing, Verg. E. 9, 37:
res vera agitur,
Juv. 4, 35:
Jam tempus agires,
Verg. A. 5, 638:
utilis rebus agendis,
Juv. 14, 72:
grassator ferro agit rem,
does the business with a dagger, id. 3, 305; 6, 659 (cf.:
gladiis geritur res,
Liv. 9, 41):
nihil ego nunc de istac re ago,
do nothing about that matter, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8:
postquam id actumst,
after this is accomplished, id. Am. 1, 1, 72; so,
sed quid actumst?
id. Ps. 2, 4, 20:
nihil aliud agebam nisi eum defenderem,
Cic. Sull. 12:
ne quid temere ac fortuitu, inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,
id. Off. 1, 29:
agamus quod instat,
Verg. E. 9, 66:
renuntiaverunt ei omnia, quae egerant,
Vulg. Marc. 6, 30; ib. Act. 5, 35:
suum negotium agere,
to mind one's business, attend to one's own affairs, Cic. Off. 1, 9; id. de Or. 3, 55, 211; so,
ut vestrum negotium agatis,
Vulg. 1 Thess. 4, 11:
neque satis Bruto constabat, quid agerent,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14:
postquam res in Africa gestas, quoque modo actae forent, fama divolgavit,
Sall. J. 30, 1:
sed tu delibera, utrum colloqui malis an per litteras agere quae cogitas,
Nep. Con. 3, 8 al. —With the spec. idea of completing, finishing: jucundi acti labores, a proverb in Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105.—
3.
To pursue in one's mind, to drive at, to revolve, to be occupied with, think upon, have in view, aim at (cf. agito, II. E., volvo and voluto):
nescio quid mens mea majus agit,
Ov. H. 12, 212:
hoc variis mens ipsa modis agit,
Val. Fl. 3, 392:
agere fratri proditionem,
Tac. H. 2, 26:
de intranda Britannia,
id. Agr. 13.—
4.
With a verbal subst., as a favorite circumlocution for the action indicated by the subst. (cf. in Gr. agô with verbal subst.):
rimas agere (sometimes ducere),
to open in cracks, fissures, to crack, Cic. Att. 14, 9; Ov. M. 2, 211; Luc. 6, 728: vos qui regalis corporis custodias agitis, keep watch over, guard, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1; so Liv. 5, 10:
vigilias agere,
Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 93; Nep. Thras. 4; Tac. H. 3, 76:
excubias alicui,
Ov. F. 3, 245:
excubias,
Tac. H. 4, 58:
pervigilium,
Suet. Vit. 10:
stationem agere,
to keep guard, Liv. 35, 29; Tac. H. 1, 28:
triumphum agere,
to triumph, Cic. Fam. 3, 10; Ov. M. 15, 757; Suet. Dom. 6:
libera arbitria agere,
to make free decisions, to decide arbitrarily, Liv. 24, 45; Curt. 6, 1, 19; 8, 1, 4:
paenitentiam agere,
to exercise repentance, to repent, Quint. 9, 3, 12; Petr. S. 132; Tac. Or. 15; Curt. 8, 6, 23; Plin. Ep. 7, 10; Vulg. Lev. 5, 5; ib. Matt. 3, 2; ib. Apoc. 2, 5:
silentia agere,
to maintain silence, Ov. M. 1, 349:
pacem agere,
Juv. 15, 163:
crimen agere,
to bring accusation, to accuse, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48:
laborem agere,
id. Fin. 2, 32:
cursus agere,
Ov. Am. 3, 6, 95:
delectum agere,
to make choice, to choose, Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 107; Quint. 10, 4, 5:
experimenta agere,
Liv. 9, 14; Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
mensuram,
id. 15, 3, 4, § 14:
curam agere,
to care for, Ov. H. 15, 302; Quint. 8, prooem. 18:
curam ejus egit,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 34:
oblivia agere,
to forget, Ov. M. 12, 540:
nugas agere,
to trifle, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 29; id. As. 1, 1, 78, and often:
officinas agere,
to keep shop, Inscr. Orell. 4266.—So esp.: agere gratias ( poet. grates; never in sing. gratiam), to give thanks, to thank; Gr. charin echein ( habere gratiam is to be or feel grateful; Gr. charin eidenai; and referre gratiam, to return a favor, requite; Gr. charin apodidonai; cf. Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 7):
diis gratias pro meritis agere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26:
Haud male agit gratias,
id. Aul. 4, 4, 31:
Magnas vero agere gratias Thais mihi?
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 1:
Dis magnas merito gratias habeo atque ago,
id. Phorm. 5, 6, 80: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter, Cic. Fam. 1, 10: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam;
nam relaturum me adfirmare non possum,
id. ib. 10, 11, 1: maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus, C. Caesar;
majores etiam habemus,
id. Marcell. 11, 33:
Trebatio magnas ago gratias, quod, etc.,
id. Fam. 11, 28, 8: renuntiate gratias regi me agere;
referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque, reliqui Caelites, * Cic. Rep. 6, 9:
gaudet et invito grates agit inde parenti,
Ov. M. 2, 152; so id. ib. 6, 435; 484; 10, 291; 681; 14, 596; Vulg. 2 Reg. 8, 10; ib. Matt. 15, 36 al.;
and in connection with this, laudes agere: Jovis fratri laudes ago et grates gratiasque habeo,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 2:
Dianae laudes gratesque agam,
id. Mil. 2, 5, 2; so,
diis immortalibus laudesque et grates egit,
Liv. 26, 48:
agi sibi gratias passus est,
Tac. Agr. 42; so id. H. 2, 71; 4, 51; id. A. 13, 21; but oftener grates or gratis in Tac.:
Tiberius egit gratis benevolentiae patrum, A. 6, 2: agit grates,
id. H. 3, 80; 4, 64; id. A. 2, 38; 2, 86; 3, 18; 3, 24; 4, 15 al.—
5.
Of time, to pass, spend (very freq. and class.): Romulus in caelo cum dis agit aevom, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28; so Pac. id. ib. 2, 21, 49, and Hor. S. 1, 5, 101:
tempus,
Tac. H. 4, 62; id. A. 3, 16: domi aetatem, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6:
aetatem in litteris,
Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:
senectutem,
id. Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 17, 60:
dies festos,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Tac. G. 17:
otia secura,
Verg. G. 3, 377; Ov. F. 1, 68; 4, 926:
ruri agere vitam,
Liv. 7, 39, and Tac. A. 15, 63:
vitam in terris,
Verg. G. 2, 538:
tranquillam vitam agere,
Vulg. 1 Tim. 2, 2:
Hunc (diem) agerem si,
Verg. A. 5, 51:
ver magnus agebat Orbis,
id. G. 2, 338:
aestiva agere,
to pass, be in, summer quarters, Liv. 27, 8; 27, 21; Curt. 5, 8, 24.— Pass.:
menses jam tibi esse actos vides,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 2:
mensis agitur hic septimus,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 34, and Ov. M. 7, 700:
melior pars acta (est) diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156; Juv. 4, 66; Tac. A. 15, 63:
acta est per lacrimas nox,
Ov. H. 12, 58 Ruhnk.:
tunc principium anni agebatur,
Liv. 3, 6:
actis quindecim annis in regno,
Just. 41, 5, 9:
Nona aetas agitur,
Juv. 13, 28 al. —With annus and an ordinal, to be of a certain age, to be so old:
quartum annum ago et octogesimum,
am eighty-four years old, Cic. Sen. 10, 32:
Annum agens sextum decimum patrem amisit,
Suet. Caes. 1.—Metaph.: sescentesimum et quadragesimum annum urbs nostra agebat, was in its 640 th year, Tac. G. 37.— Hence also absol. (rare), to pass or spend time, to live, to be, to be somewhere:
civitas laeta agere,
was joyful, Sall. J. 55, 2:
tum Marius apud primos agebat,
id. ib. 101, 6:
in Africa, qua procul a mari incultius agebatur,
id. ib. 89, 7:
apud illos homines, qui tum agebant,
Tac. A. 3, 19:
Thracia discors agebat,
id. ib. 3, 38:
Juxta Hermunduros Naristi agunt,
Tac. G. 42:
ultra jugum plurimae gentes agunt,
id. ib. 43:
Gallos trans Padum agentes,
id. H. 3, 34:
quibus (annis) exul Rhodi agit,
id. A. 1, 4:
agere inter homines desinere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
Vitellius non in ore volgi agere,
was not in the sight of the people, id. H. 3, 36:
ante aciem agere,
id. G. 7; and:
in armis agere,
id. A. 14, 55 = versari.—
6.
In the lang. of offerings, t. t., to despatch the victim, to kill, slay. In performing this rite, the sacrificer asked the priest, agone, shall I do it? and the latter answered, age or hoc age, do it:
qui calido strictos tincturus sanguine cultros semper, Agone? rogat, nec nisi jussus agit,
Ov. F. 1. 321 (cf. agonia and agonalia):
a tergo Chaeream cervicem (Caligulae) gladio caesim graviter percussisse, praemissa voce,
hoc age, Suet. Calig. 58; id. Galb. 20. —This call of the priest in act of solemn sacrifice, Hoc age, warned the assembled multitude to be quiet and give attention; hence hoc or id and sometimes haec or istuc agere was used for, to give attention to, to attend to, to mind, heed; and followed by ut or ne, to pursue a thing, have it in view, aim at, design, etc.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 1, 2, 15, and Suet. Calig. 58: hoc agite, Plaut. As. prol. init.:
Hoc age,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 152; id. Ep. 1, 6, 31:
Hoc agite, of poetry,
Juv. 7, 20:
hoc agamus,
Sen. Clem. 1, 12:
haec agamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49:
agere hoc possumus,
Lucr. 1, 41; 4, 969; Juv. 7, 48:
hoccine agis an non? hoc agam,
id. ib., Ter. And. 1, 2, 15; 2, 5, 4:
nunc istuc age,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 3 al.:
Hoc egit civis Romanus ante te nemo,
Cic. Lig. 4, 11:
id et agunt et moliuntur,
id. Mur. 38:
(oculi, aures, etc.) quasi fenestrae sunt animi, quibus tamen sentire nihil queat mens, nisi id agat et adsit,
id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: qui id egerunt, ut gentem... collocarent, aimed at this, that, etc., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12:
qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
keep it in view, that, id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?
id. Lig. 6, 18:
Hoc agit, ut doleas,
Juv. 5, 157:
Hoc age, ne mutata retrorsum te ferat aura,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 88:
Quid tuus ille destrictus gladius agebat?
have in view, mean, Cic. Leg. 3, 9:
Quid aliud egimus nisi ut, quod hic potest, nos possemus?
id. ib. 4, 10:
Sin autem id actum est, ut homines postremi pecuniis alienis locupletarentur,
id. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:
certiorem eum fecit, id agi, ut pons dissolveretur,
Nep. Them. 5, 1:
ego id semper egi, ne bellis interessem,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7.—Also, the opp.: alias res or aliud agere, not to attend to, heed, or observe, to pursue secondary or subordinate objects: Ch. Alias res agis. Pa. Istuc ago equidem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 57; id. Hec. 5, 3, 28:
usque eo animadverti eum jocari atque alias res agere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22:
atqui vides, quam alias res agamus,
id. de Or. 3, 14, 51; id. Brut. 66, 233:
aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodi cogitans,
id. Clu. 64.—
7.
In relation to public affairs, to conduct, manage, carry on, administer: agere bellum, to carry on or wage war (embracing the whole theory and practice of war, while bellum gerere designates the bodily and mental effort, and the bearing of the necessary burdens; and bellum facere, the actual outbreak of hostile feelings, v. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 28):
qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum agere instituerunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Antiochus si tam in agendo bello parere voluisset consiliis ejus (Hannibalis) quam in suscipiendo instituerat, etc.,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3; Curt. 4, 10, 29:
aliena bella mercedibus agere,
Mel. 1, 16:
Bellaque non puero tractat agenda puer,
Ov. A. A. 1, 182 (also in id. Tr. 2, 230, Gron. Observ. 2, 3, 227, for the usu. obit, with one MS., reads agit; so Merkel).— Poet.:
Martem for bellum,
Luc. 4, 2: agere proelium, to give battle (very rare):
levibus proeliis cum Gallis actis,
Liv. 22, 9.—Of offices, employments, etc., to conduct, exercise, administer, hold:
forum agere,
to hold court, Cic. Fam. 8, 6; and:
conventus agere,
to hold the assizes, id. Verr. 5, 11, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 54; 6, 44;
used of the governors of provinces: judicium agere,
Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:
vivorum coetus agere,
to make assemblies of, to assemble, Tac. A. 16, 34:
censum agere,
Liv. 3, 22; Tac. A. 14, 46; Suet. Aug. 27:
recensum agere,
id. Caes. 41:
potestatem agere,
Flor. 1, 7, 2:
honorem agere,
Liv. 8, 26:
regnum,
Flor. 1, 6, 2:
rem publicam,
Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 8:
consulatum,
Quint. 12, 1, 16:
praefecturam,
Suet. Tib. 6:
centurionatum,
Tac. A. 1, 44:
senatum,
Suet. Caes. 88:
fiscum agere,
to have charge of the treasury, id. Dom. 12:
publicum agere,
to collect the taxes, id. Vesp. 1:
inquisitionem agere,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
curam alicujus rei agere,
to have the management of, to manage, Liv. 6, 15; Suet. Claud. 18:
rei publicae curationem agens,
Liv. 4, 13: dilectum agere, to make a levy, to levy (postAug. for dilectum habere, Cic., Caes., Sall.), Quint. 12, 3, 5; Tac. A. 2, 16; id. Agr. 7 and 10; id. H. 2, 16, 12; Suet. Calig. 43. —
8.
Of civil and political transactions in the senate, the forum, before tribunals of justice, etc., to manage or transact, to do, to discuss, plead, speak, deliberate; constr. aliquid or de aliqua re:
velim recordere, quae ego de te in senatu egerim, quae in contionibus dixerim,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2; 1, 9:
de condicionibus pacis,
Liv. 8, 37:
de summa re publica,
Suet. Caes. 28:
cum de Catilinae conjuratione ageretur in curia,
id. Aug. 94:
de poena alicujus,
Liv. 5, 36:
de agro plebis,
id. 1, 46.—Hence the phrase: agere cum populo, of magistrates, to address the people in a public assembly, for the purpose of obtaining their approval or rejection of a thing (while [p. 76] agere ad populum signifies to propose, to bring before the people):
cum populo agere est rogare quid populum, quod suffragiis suis aut jubeat aut vetet,
Gell. 13, 15, 10:
agere cum populo de re publica,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 12; id. Lael. 25, 96:
neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat neve cum populo agat,
Sall. C. 51, 43.—So also absol.:
hic locus (rostra) ad agendum amplissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1:
Metellus cum agere coepisset, tertio quoque verbo orationis suae me appellabat,
id. Fam. 5, 2.— Transf. to common life.
a.
Agere cum aliquo, de aliquo or re or ut, to treat, deal, negotiate, confer, talk with one about a person or thing; to endeavor to persuade or move one, that, etc.: nihil age tecum (sc. cum odore vini);
ubi est ipsus (vini lepos)?
I have nothing to do with you, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 11:
Quae (patria) tecum, Catilina, sic agit,
thus pleads, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 18:
algae Inquisitores agerent cum remige nudo,
Juv. 4, 49:
haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant,
thus treated together, Verg. A. 11, 445:
de quo et praesens tecum egi diligenter, et scripsi ad te accurate antea,
Cic. Fam. 13, 75:
egi cum Claudia et cum vestra sorore Mucia, ut eum ab illa injuria deterrerent,
id. ib. 5, 2:
misi ad Metellum communes amicos, qui agerent cum eo, ut de illa mente desisteret,
id. ib. 5, 2:
Callias quidam egit cum Cimone, ut eam (Elpinicen) sibi uxorem daret,
Nep. Cim. 1, 3.—Also absol.:
Alcibiades praesente vulgo agere coepit,
Nep. Alc. 8, 2:
si qua Caesares obtinendae Armeniae egerant,
Tac. A. 15, 14:
ut Lucretius agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,
Liv. 2, 2.—In Suet. once agere cum senatu, with acc. and inf., to propose or state to the Senate:
Tiberius egit cum senatu non debere talia praemia tribui,
Suet. Tib. 54.—
b.
With the advv. bene, praeclare, male, etc., to deal well or ill with one, to treat or use well or ill:
facile est bene agere cum eis, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 14, 11:
bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade, si, etc.,
Val. Max. 5, 3, 3 ext.; Vulg. Jud. 9, 16:
praeclare cum aliquo agere,
Cic. Sest. 23:
Male agis mecum,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 21:
qui cum creditoribus suis male agat,
Cic. Quinct. 84; and:
tu contra me male agis,
Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—Freq. in pass., to be or go well or ill with one, to be well or badly off:
intelleget secum actum esse pessime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50:
praeclare mecum actum puto,
id. Fam. 9, 24; so id. ib. 5, 18: exstat cujusdam non inscitus jocus bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si Domitius pater talem habuisset uxorem, it would have gone well with human affairs, been well for mankind, if, etc., Suet. Ner. 28.—Also absol. without cum: agitur praeclare, si nosmet ipsos regere possumus, it is well done if, etc., it is a splendid thing if, etc., Cic. Fam. 4, 14:
vivitur cum eis, in quibus praeclare agitur si sunt simulacra virtutis,
id. Off. 1, 15:
bene agitur pro noxia,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—
9.
Of transactions before a court or tribunal.
a.
Aliquid agere ex jure, ex syngrapha, ex sponso, or simply the abl. jure, lege, litibus, obsignatis tabellis, causa, to bring an action or suit, to manage a cause, to plead a case:
ex jure civili et praetorio agere,
Cic. Caecin. 12:
tamquam ex syngrapha agere cum populo,
to litigate, id. Mur. 17:
ex sponso egit,
id. Quint. 9: Ph. Una injuriast Tecum. Ch. Lege agito ergo, Go to law, then, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90:
agere lege in hereditatem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175; Ov. F. 1, 48; Liv. 9, 46:
cum illo se lege agere dicebat,
Nep. Tim. 5: summo jure agere, to assert or claim one's right to the full extent of the law, Cic. Off. 1, 11:
non enim gladiis mecum, sed litibus agetur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 4:
causa quam vi agere malle,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
tabellis obsignatis agis mecum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:
Jure, ut opinor, agat, jure increpet inciletque,
with right would bring her charge, Lucr. 3, 963; so,
Castrensis jurisdictio plura manu agens,
settles more cases by force, Tac. Agr. 9:
ubi manu agitur,
when the case is settled by violent hands, id. G. 36.—
b.
Causam or rem agere, to try or plead a case; with apud, ad, or absol.:
causam apud centumviros egit,
Cic. Caecin. 24:
Caesar cum ageret apud censores,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10; so with adversus:
egi causam adversus magistratus,
Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 11:
orator agere dicitur causam,
Varr. L. L. 6, 42: causam isto modo agere, Cic. Lig. 4, 10; Tac. Or. 5; 11; 14; Juv. 2, 51; 14, 132:
agit causas liberales,
Cic. Fam. 8, 9: qui ad rem agendam adsunt, M. Cael. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 51:
cum (M. Tullius) et ipsam se rem agere diceret,
Quint. 12, 10, 45: Gripe, accede huc;
tua res agitur,
is being tried, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 104; Quint. 8, 3, 13;
and extra-judicially: rogo ad Caesarem meam causam agas,
Cic. Fam. 5, 10:
Una (factio) populi causam agebat, altera optimatum,
Nep. Phoc. 3; so, agere, absol., to plead' ad judicem sic agi solet, Cic. Lig. 10:
tam solute agere, tam leniter,
id. Brut. 80:
tu istuc nisi fingeres, sic ageres?
id. ib. 80; Juv. 7, 143 and 144; 14, 32.— Transf. to common life; with de or acc., to discuss, treat, speak of:
Sed estne hic ipsus, de quo agebam?
of whom I was speaking, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53:
causa non solum exponenda, sed etiam graviter copioseque agenda est,
to be discussed, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37:
Samnitium bella, quae agimus,
are treating of, Liv. 10, 31.—Hence,
c.
Agere aliquem reum, to proceed against one as accused, to accuse one, Liv. 4, 42; 24, 25; Tac. A. 14, 18:
reus agitur,
id. ib. 15, 20; 3, 13; and with the gen. of the crime, with which one is charged:
agere furti,
to accuse of theft, Cic. Fam. 7, 22:
adulterii cum aliquo,
Quint. 4, 4, 8:
injuriarum,
id. 3, 6, 19; and often in the Pandects.—
d.
Pass. of the thing which is the subject of accusation, to be in suit or in question; it concerns or affects, is about, etc.:
non nunc pecunia, sed illud agitur, quomodo, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 67:
non capitis ei res agitur, sed pecuniae,
the point in dispute, id. Phorm. 4, 3, 26:
aguntur injuriae sociorum, agitur vis legum, agitur existimatio, veritasque judiciorum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:
si magna res, magna hereditas agetur,
id. Fin. 2, 17: qua de re agitur, what the point of dispute or litigation is, id. Brut. 79.—Hence, trop.,
(α).
Res agitur, the case is on trial, i. e. something is at stake or at hazard, in peril, or in danger:
at nos, quarum res agitur, aliter auctores sumus,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 72:
quasi istic mea res minor agatur quam tua,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113:
agitur populi Romani gloria, agitur salus sociorum atque amicorum, aguntur certissima populi Romani vectigalia et maxima, aguntur bona multorum civium,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:
in quibus eorum aut caput agatur aut fama,
id. Lael. 17, 61; Nep. Att. 15, 2:
non libertas solum agebatur,
Liv. 28, 19; Sen. Clem. 1, 20 al.:
nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84 (= in periculo versatur, Lambin.):
agitur pars tertia mundi,
is at stake, I am in danger of losing, Ov. M. 5, 372.—
(β).
Res acta est, the case is over (and done for): acta haec res est;
perii,
this matter is ended, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3: hence, actum est de aliquo or aliqua re, it is all over with a person or thing:
actum hodie est de me,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63:
jam de Servio actum,
Liv. 1, 47:
actum est de collo meo,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 4, 194.—So also absol.: actumst;
ilicet me infelicem,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 17:
si animus hominem pepulit, actumst,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 27; Ter. And. 3, 1, 7; Cic. Att. 5, 15:
actumst, ilicet, peristi,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 9: periimus;
actumst,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 3.—
(γ).
Rem actam agere, to plead a case already finished, i. e. to act to no purpose:
rem actam agis,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 27; id. Cist. 4, 2, 36; Liv. 28, 40; so,
actum or acta agere: actum, aiunt, ne agas,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Att. 9, 18:
acta agimus,
id. Am. 22.—
10.
To represent by external action, to perform, pronounce, deliver, etc.
a.
Of an orator, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 79:
quae sic ab illo acta esse constabat oculis, voce, gestu, inimici ut lacrimas tenere non possent,
id. ib. 3, 56, 214:
agere fortius et audentius volo,
Tac. Or. 18; 39.—
b.
Of an actor, to represent, play, act:
Ipse hanc acturust Juppiter comoediam,
Plaut. Am. prol. 88; so,
fabulam,
Ter. Ad. prol. 12; id. Hec. prol. 22:
dum haec agitur fabula,
Plaut. Men. prol. 72 al.:
partis,
to have a part in a play, Ter. Phorm. prol. 27:
Ballionem illum cum agit, agit Chaeream,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7:
gestum agere in scaena,
id. de Or. 2, 57:
dicitur canticum egisse aliquanto magis vigente motu,
Liv. 7, 2 al. — Transf. to other relations, to represent or personate one, to act the part of, to act as, behave like: has partes lenitatis semper egi, Cic. Mur. 3:
egi illos omnes adulescentes, quos ille actitat,
id. Fam. 2, 9:
amicum imperatoris,
Tac. H. 1, 30:
exulem,
id. A. 1, 4:
socium magis imperii quam ministrum,
id. H. 2, 83:
senatorem,
Tac. A. 16, 28.—So of things poetically:
utrinque prora frontem agit,
serves as a bow, Tac. G. 44.—
11.
Se agere = se gerere, to carry one's self, to behave, deport one's self:
tanta mobilitate sese Numidae agunt,
Sall. J. 56, 5:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint,
Tac. H. 3, 2 Halm:
qui se pro equitibus Romanis agerent,
Suet. Claud. 25:
non principem se, sed ministrum egit,
id. ib. 29:
neglegenter se et avare agere,
Eutr. 6, 9:
prudenter se agebat,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5:
sapienter se agebat,
ib. 4 Reg. 18, 7. —Also absol.:
seditiose,
Tac. Agr. 7:
facile justeque,
id. ib. 9:
superbe,
id. H. 2, 27:
ex aequo,
id. ib. 4, 64:
anxius et intentus agebat,
id. Agr. 5.—
12.
Imper.: age, agite, Ter., Tib., Lucr., Hor., Ov., never using agite, and Catull. never age, with which compare the Gr. age, agete (also accompanied by the particles dum, eia, en, ergo, igitur, jam, modo, nuncjam, porro, quare, quin, sane, vero, verum, and by sis); as an exclamation.
a.
In encouragement, exhortation, come! come on! (old Engl. go to!) up! on! quick! (cf. I. B. fin.).
(α).
In the sing.:
age, adsta, mane, audi, Enn. ap. Delr. Synt. 1, 99: age i tu secundum,
come, follow me! Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 1:
age, perge, quaeso,
id. Cist. 2, 3, 12:
age, da veniam filio,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14:
age, age, nunc experiamur,
id. ib. 5, 4, 23:
age sis tu... delude,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 89; id. Ep. 3, 4, 39; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 16:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint, agedum eam solve cistulam,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 151; id. Capt. 3, 4, 39:
Agedum vicissim dic,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Eun. 4, 4, 27:
agedum humanis concede,
Lucr. 3, 962:
age modo hodie sero,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103:
age nuncjam,
id. And. 5, 2, 25:
En age, quid cessas,
Tib. 2, 2, 10:
Quare age,
Verg. A. 7, 429:
Verum age,
id. ib. 12, 832:
Quin age,
id. G. 4, 329:
en, age, Rumpe moras,
id. ib. 3, 43:
eia age,
id. A. 4, 569.—
(β).
In the plur.:
agite, pugni,
up, fists, and at 'em! Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 146:
agite bibite,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 1, 3, 68:
agite in modum dicite,
Cat. 61, 38:
Quare agite... conjungite,
id. 64, 372; Verg. A. 1, 627:
vos agite... volvite,
Val. Fl. 3, 311:
agite nunc, divites, plorate,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 1:
agitedum,
Liv. 3, 62.—Also age in the sing., with a verb in the plur. (cf. age tamnete, Hom. Od. 3, 332; age dê trapeiomen, id. Il. 3, 441):
age igitur, intro abite,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:
En agedum convertite,
Prop. 1, 1, 21:
mittite, agedum, legatos,
Liv. 38, 47:
Ite age,
Stat. Th. 10, 33:
Huc age adeste,
Sil. 11, 169.—
b.
In transitions in discourse, well then! well now! well! (esp. in Cic. Or. very freq.). So in Plaut. for resuming discourse that has been interrupted: age, tu interea huic somnium narra, Curc. 2, 2, 5: nunc age, res quoniam docui non posse creari, etc., well now, since I have taught, etc., Lucr. 1, 266:
nunc age, quod superest, cognosce et clarius audi,
id. 1, 920; so id. 1, 952; 2, 62; 333; 730; 3, 418;
4, 109 al.: age porro, tu, qui existimari te voluisti interpretem foederum, cur, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22; so id. Rosc. Am. 16; id. Part. 12; id. Att. 8, 3.—And age (as in a.) with a verb in the plur.:
age vero, ceteris in rebus qualis sit temperantia considerate,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14; so id. Sull. 26; id. Mil. 21; id. Rosc. Am. 37.—
c.
As a sign of assent, well! very well! good! right! Age, age, mansero, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 61: age, age, jam ducat;
dabo,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 57:
Age, veniam,
id. And. 4, 2, 30:
age, sit ita factum,
Cic. Mil. 19:
age sane,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 27; Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119.
► Position.
—Age, used with another verb in the imperative, regularly stands before it, but in poetry, for the sake of the metre, it,
I.
Sometimes follows such verb; as,
a.
In dactylic metre:
Cede agedum,
Prop. 5, 9, 54:
Dic age,
Verg. A. 6, 343; Hor. S. 2, 7, 92; Ov. F. 1, 149:
Esto age,
Pers. 2, 42:
Fare age,
Verg. A. 3, 362:
Finge age,
Ov. H. 7, 65:
Redde age,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 80:
Surge age,
Verg. A. 3, 169; 8, 59; 10, 241; Ov. H. 14, 73:
Vade age,
Verg. A. 3, 462; 4, 422; so,
agite: Ite agite,
Prop. 4, 3, 7.—
b.
In other metres (very rarely):
appropera age,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 38:
dic age,
Hor. C. 1, [p. 77] 32, 3; 2, 11, 22;
3, 4, 1.—So also in prose (very rarely): Mittite agedum,
Liv. 38, 47:
procedat agedum ad pugnam,
id. 7, 9.—
II.
It is often separated from such verb:
age me huc adspice,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 118; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:
Age... instiga,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 10; 5, 6, 11:
Quare agite... conjungite,
Cat. 64, 372:
Huc age... veni,
Tib. 2, 5, 2:
Ergo age cervici imponere nostrae,
Verg. A. 2, 707:
en age segnis Rumpe moras,
id. G. 3, 42:
age te procellae Crede,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 62:
Age jam... condisce,
id. ib. 4, 11, 31; id. S. 2, 7, 4.—Hence,
1.
ăgens, entis, P. a.
A.
Adj.
1.
Efficient, effective, powerful (only in the rhet. lang. of Cic.):
utendum est imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358:
acre orator, incensus et agens,
id. Brut. 92, 317.— Comp. and sup. not used.
► 2.
Agentia verba, in the grammarians, for verba activa, Gell. 18, 12.—
B.
Subst.: ăgentes, ium.
a.
Under the emperors, a kind of secret police (also called frumentarii and curiosi), Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.; Dig. 1, 12; 1, 20; 21; 22; 23, etc.; Amm. 15, 3; 14, 11 al.—
b.
For agrimensores, land-surveyors, Hyg. Lim. p. 179.—
2.
actus, a, um, P. a. Lit., that has been transacted in the Senate, in the forum, before the courts of justice, etc.; hence,
A.
actum, i, n., a public transaction in the Senate, before the people, or before a single magistrate:
actum ejus, qui in re publica cum imperio versatus sit,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7:
acta Caesaris servanda censeo,
id. ib. 1, 7:
acta tui praeclari tribunatus,
id. Dom. 31.—
B.
acta publĭca, or absol.: acta, orum, n., the register of public acts, records, journal. Julius Caesar, in his consulship, ordered that the doings of the Senate (diurna acta) should be made public, Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Ernest. Exc. 1;
but Augustus again prohibited it,
Suet. Aug. 36. Still the acts of the Senate were written down, and, under the succeeding emperors. certain senators were appointed to this office (actis vel commentariis Senatus conficiendis), Tac. A. 5, 4. They had also public registers of the transactions of the assemblies of the people, and of the different courts of justice;
also of births and deaths, marriages, divorces, etc., which were preserved as sources of future history.—Hence, diurna urbis acta,
the city journal, Tac. A. 13, 31:
acta populi,
Suet. Caes. 20:
acta publica,
Tac. A. 12, 24; Suet. Tib. 8; Plin. Ep. 7, 33:
urbana,
id. ib. 9, 15; which were all comprehended under the gen. name acta.
1.
With the time added:
acta eorum temporum,
Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 60:
illius temporis,
Ascon. Mil. 44, 16:
ejus anni,
Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147.—
2.
Absol., Cic. Fam. 12, 8; 22, 1; 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 10; 3, 16; Suet. Calig. 8; Quint. 9, 3; Juv. 2, 136: Quis dabit historico, quantum daret acta legenti, i. e. to the actuarius, q. v., id. 7, 104; cf. Bahr's Rom. Lit. Gesch. 303.—
C.
acta triumphōrum, the public record of triumphs, fuller than the Fasti triumphales, Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 12.—
D.
acta fŏri (v. Inscr. Grut. 445, 10), the records,
a.
Of strictly historical transactions, Amm. 22, 3, 4; Dig. 4, 6, 33, § 1.—
b.
Of matters of private right, as wills, gifts, bonds (acta ad jus privatorum pertinentia, Dig. 49, 14, 45, § 4), Fragm. Vat. §§ 249, 266, 268, 317.—
E.
acta militarĭa, the daily records of the movements of a legion, Veg. R. R. 2, 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > acta triumphorum
12 agentes

ăgo, egi, actum, 3, v. a. (axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. axitiosi, p. 3 Mull.;
axit = egerit,
Paul. Diac. 3, 3;
AGIER = agi,
Cic. Off. 3, 15;
agentum = agentium,
Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6) [cf. agô; Sanscr. ag, aghami = to go, to drive; agmas = way, train = ogmos; agis = race, contest = agôn; perh. also Germ. jagen, to drive, to hunt], to put in motion, to move (syn.: agitare, pellere, urgere).
I.
Lit.
A.
Of cattle and other animals, to lead, drive.
a.
Absol.: agas asellum, Seip. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 258:
jumenta agebat,
Liv. 1, 48:
capellas ago,
Verg. E. 1, 13:
Pars quia non veniant pecudes, sed agantur, ab actu etc.,
Ov. F. 1, 323:
caballum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 36.—
b.
With acc. of place, prep., sup., or inf.:
agere bovem Romam,
Curt. 1, 45:
equum in hostem,
id. 7, 4:
Germani in amnem aguntur,
Tac. H. 5, 21:
acto ad vallum equo,
id. A. 2, 13:
pecora per calles,
Curt. 7, 11:
per devia rura capellas,
Ov. M. 1, 676:
pecus pastum,
Varr. L. L. 6, 41, p. 88 Mull.:
capellas potum age,
Verg. E. 9, 23:
pecus egit altos Visere montes,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 7.—
B.
Of men, to drive, lead, conduct, impel.
a.
Absol.:
agmen agens equitum,
Verg. A. 7, 804.—
b.
With prep., abl., or inf.:
vinctum ante se Thyum agebat,
Nep. Dat. 3:
agitur praeceps exercitus Lydorum in populos,
Sil. 4, 720:
(adulteram) maritus per omnem vicum verbere agit,
Tac. G. 19; Suet. Calig. 27:
captivos prae se agentes,
Curt. 7, 6; Liv. 23, 1:
acti ante suum quisque praedonem catenati,
Quint. 8, 3, 69:
captivos sub curribus agere,
Mart. 8, 26:
agimur auguriis quaerere exilia,
Verg. A. 3, 5;
and simple for comp.: multis milibus armatorum actis ex ea regione = coactis,
Liv. 44, 31.— In prose: agi, to be led, to march, to go:
quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur,
Liv. 10, 29: si citius agi vellet agmen, that the army would move, or march on quicker, id. 2, 58:
raptim agmine acto,
id. 6, 28; so id. 23, 36; 25, 9.— Trop.:
egit sol hiemem sub terras,
Verg. G. 4, 51:
poemata dulcia sunto Et quocumque volent animum auditoris agunto,
lead the mind, Hor. A. P. 100. —Hence, poet.: se agere, to betake one's self, i. e. to go, to come (in Plaut. very freq.;
also in Ter., Verg., etc.): quo agis te?
where are you going? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 294:
unde agis te?
id. Most. 1, 4, 28; so id. ib. 3, 1, 31; id. Mil. 3, 2, 49; id. Poen. 1, 2, 120; id. Pers. 4, 3, 13; id. Trin. 4, 3, 71:
quo hinc te agis?
where are you going, Ter. And. 4, 2, 25:
Ecce gubernator sese Palinurus agebat,
was moving along, Verg. A. 6, 337:
Aeneas se matutinus agebat,
id. ib. 8, 465:
is enim se primus agebat,
for he strode on in front, id. ib. 9, 696.—Also without se:
Et tu, unde agis?
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 20:
Quo agis?
id. Pers. 2, 2, 34:
Huc age,
Tib. 2, 5, 2 (unless age is here to be taken with veni at the end of the line).—
C.
To drive or carry off (animals or men), to steal, rob, plunder (usually abigere):
Et redigunt actos in sua rura boves,
Ov. F. 3, 64.—So esp. freq. of men or animals taken as booty in war, while ferre is used of portable things; hence, ferre et agere (as in Gr. agein kai pherein, Hom. Il. 5, 484; and reversed, pherein kai agein, in Hdt. and Xen.; cf.:
rapiunt feruntque,
Verg. A. 2, 374:
rapere et auferre,
Cic. Off. 1, 14), in gen., to rob, to plunder: res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv. 22, 3:
ut ferri agique res suas viderunt,
id. 38, 15; so id. 3, 37;
so also: rapere agereque: ut ex alieno agro raperent agerentque,
Liv. 22, 1, 2; but portari atque agi means to bear and carry, to bring together, in Caes. B. C. 2, 29 (as pherein kai agein in Plat. Phaedr. 279, C):
ne pulcram praedam agat,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 3:
urbes, agros vastare, praedas agere,
Sall. J. 20, 8; 32, 3:
pecoris et mancipiorum praedas,
id. ib. 44, 5;
so eccl. Lat.: agere praedas de aliquo,
Vulg. Jud. 9, 16; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8; cf. Gron. Obs. 3, 22, 633.—
D.
To chase, pursue, press animals or men, to drive about or onwards in flight (for the usual agitare).
a.
Of animals:
apros,
Verg. G. 3, 412:
cervum,
id. A. 7, 481; cf. id. ib. 4, 71:
citos canes,
Ov. H. 5, 20:
feros tauros,
Suet. Claud. 21.—
b.
Of men:
ceteros ruerem, agerem,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21 (= prosequerer, premerem, Don.):
ita perterritos egerunt, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 4, 12:
Demoleos cursu palantis Troas agebat,
Verg. A. 5, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 574:
aliquem in exsilium,
Liv. 25, 2; so Just. 2, 9, 6; 16, 4, 4; 17, 3, 17;
22, 1, 16 al.: aliquem in fugam,
id. 16, 2, 3.—
E.
Of inanimate or abstract objects, to move, impel, push forwards, advance, carry to or toward any point:
quid si pater cuniculos agat ad aerarium?
lead, make, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90:
egisse huc Alpheum vias,
made its way, Verg. A. 3, 695:
vix leni et tranquillo mari moles agi possunt,
carry, build out, Curt. 4, 2, 8:
cloacam maximam sub terram agendam,
to be carried under ground, Liv. 1, 56;
so often in the histt., esp. Caes. and Livy, as t. t., of moving forwards the battering engines: celeriter vineis ad oppidum actis,
pushed forwards, up, Caes. B. G. 2, 12 Herz.; so id. ib. 3, 21; 7, 17; id. B. C. 2, 1; Liv. 8, 16:
accelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci,
Verg. A. 9, 505 al.:
fugere colles campique videntur, quos agimus praeter navem, i. e. praeter quos agimus navem,
Lucr. 4, 391:
in litus passim naves egerunt,
drove the ships ashore, Liv. 22, 19:
ratem in amnem,
Ov. F. 1, 500:
naves in advorsum amnem,
Tac. H. 4, 22.— Poet.: agere navem, to steer or direct a ship, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 114; so,
agere currum,
to drive a chariot, Ov. M. 2, 62; 2, 388 al.—
F.
To stir up, to throw out, excite, cause, bring forth (mostly poet.):
scintillasque agere ac late differre favillam,
to throw out sparks and scatter ashes far around, Lucr. 2, 675:
spumas ore,
Verg. G. 3, 203; so Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66:
piceum Flumen agit,
Verg. A. 9, 814:
qui vocem cubantes sensim excitant, eandemque cum egerunt, etc.,
when they have brought it forth, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —Hence, animam agere, to expel the breath of life, give up the ghost, expire:
agens animam spumat,
Lucr. 3, 493:
anhelans vaga vadit, animam agens,
Cat. 63, 31:
nam et agere animam et efflare dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:
Hortensius, cum has litteras scripsi, animam agebat,
id. Fam. 8, 13, 2; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:
eodem tempore et gestum et animam ageres,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 8:
Est tanti habere animam ut agam?
Sen. Ep. 101, 12; and with a play upon words: semper agis causas et res agis, Attale, semper. Est, non est, quod agas, Attale, semper agis. Si res et causae desunt, agis, Attale, mulas;
Attale, ne quod agas desit, agas animam,
Mart. 1, 80.—
G.
Of plants, to put forth or out, to shoot, extend:
(salices) gemmas agunt,
Varr. R. R. 1, 30:
florem agere coeperit ficus,
Col. R. R. 5, 10, 10:
frondem agere,
Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 45:
se ad auras palmes agit,
Verg. G. 2, 364:
(platanum) radices trium et triginta cubitorum egisse,
Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 15:
per glebas sensim radicibus actis,
Ov. M. 4, 254; so id. ib. 2, 583:
robora suas radices in profundum agunt,
Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 127.—Metaph.:
vera gloria radices agit,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
pluma in cutem radices egerat imas,
Ov. M. 2, 582.
II.
Trop.
A.
Spec., to guide, govern:
Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur,
Verg. A. 1, 574; cf. Forbig. ad h. 1., who considers it the only instance of this use, and compares a similar use of agô; v. L. and S. s. v. II. 2.—
B.
In gen., to move, impel, excite, urge to a thing, to prompt or induce to:
si quis ad illa deus te agat,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 24:
una plaga ceteros ad certamen egit,
Liv. 9, 41; 8, 7; 39, 15: quae te, germane, furentem Mens agit in facinus? Ov. M. 5, 14:
totis mentibus acta,
Sil. 10, 191:
in furorem agere,
Quint. 6, 1, 31:
si Agricola in ipsam gloriam praeceps agebatur,
Tac. Agr. 41:
provinciam avaritia in bellum egerat,
id. A. 14, 32.—
C.
To drive, stir up, excite, agitate, rouse vehemently (cf. agito, II.):
me amor fugat, agit,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 8:
agunt eum praecipitem poenae civium Romanorum,
Cic. Verr. 1, 3:
perpetua naturalis bonitas, quae nullis casibus neque agitur neque minuitur,
Nep. Att. 9, 1 Brem.:
opportunitas, quae etiam mediocres viros spe praedae transvorsos agit,
i. e. leads astray, Sall. J. 6, 3; 14, 20; so Sen. Ep. 8, 3.— To pursue with hostile intent, to persecute, disturb, vex, to attack, assail (for the usu. agitare; mostly poet.):
reginam Alecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi,
Verg. A. 7, 405:
non res et agentia (i. e. agitantia, vexantia) verba Lycamben,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25:
acerba fata Romanos agunt,
id. Epod 7, 17:
diris agam vos,
id. ib. 5, 89:
quam deus ultor agebat,
Ov. M. 14, 750:
futurae mortis agor stimulis,
Luc. 4, 517; cf. Matth. ad Cic. Mur. § 21.—
D.
To drive at something, to pursue a course of action, i. e. to make something an object of action; either in the most general sense, like the Engl. do and the Gr. prattein, for every kind of mental or physical employment; or, in a more restricted sense, to exhibit in external action, to act or perform, to deliver or pronounce, etc., so that after the act is completed nothing remains permanent, e. g. a speech, dance, play, etc. (while facere, to make, poiein, denotes the production of an object which continues to exist after the act is completed; and gerere, the performance of the duties of an office or calling).—On these significations, v. Varr. 6, 6, 62, and 6, 7, 64, and 6, 8, 72.—For the more restricted signif. v. Quint. 2, 18, 1 sq.; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 7, 12; Hab. Syn. 426.
1.
In the most gen. signif., to do, act, labor, in opp. to rest or idleness.
a.
With the gen. objects, aliquid, nihil, plus, etc.:
numquam se plus agere quam nihil cum ageret,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17 (cf. with this, id. Off. 3, 1: numquam se minus otiosum esse quam cum otiosus esset): mihi, qui nihil agit, esse omnino non videtur. id. N. D. 2, 16, 46:
post satietatem nihil (est) agendum,
Cels. 1, 2.—Hence,
b.
Without object:
aliud agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi,
Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132; Juv. 16, 49:
agendi tempora,
Tac. H. 3, 40:
industria in agendo, celeritas in conficiendo,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 29.—
c.
In colloquial lang., to do, to fare, get on: quid agis? what are you doing? M. Tulli, quid agis? Cic. Cat. 1, 11:
Quid agis?
What's your business? Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 9; also, How goes it with you? How are you? ti pratteis, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 20; Cic. Fam. 7, 11 al.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 4:
vereor, quid agat,
how he is, Cic. Att. 9, 17:
ut sciatis, quid agam,
Vulg. Ephes. 6, 21:
prospere agit anima tua,
fares well, ib. 3 Joan. 2:
quid agitur?
how goes it with you? how do you do? how are you? Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17; 1, 5, 42; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:
Quid intus agitur?
is going on, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 20; id. Ps. 1, 5, 42 al.—
d.
With nihil or non multum, to do, i. e. to effect, accomplish, achieve nothing, or not much (orig. belonging to colloquial lang., but in the class. per. even in oratorical and poet. style): nihil agit;
collum obstringe homini,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 29:
nihil agis,
you effect nothing, it is of no use, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12:
nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61 Kuhn.; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 10: cupis, inquit, abire; sed nihil agis;
usque tenebo,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 15:
[nihil agis,] nihil assequeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15 B. and K.:
ubi blanditiis agitur nihil,
Ov. M. 6, 685: egerit non multum, has not done much, Curt. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29; cf. Ruhnk. ad Rutil. Lup. p. 120.—
e.
In certain circumstances, to proceed, do, act, manage (mostly belonging to familiar style): Thr. Quid nunc agimus? Gn. Quin redimus, What shall we do now? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 41:
hei mihi! quid faciam? quid agam?
what shall I do? how shall I act? id. Ad. 5, 3, 3:
quid agam, habeo,
id. And. 3, 2, 18 (= quid respondeam habeo, Don.) al.:
sed ita quidam agebat,
was so acting, Cic. Lig. 7, 21: a Burro minaciter actum, Burrus [p. 75] proceeded to threats, Tac. A. 13, 21.—
2.
To pursue, do, perform, transact (the most usual signif. of this word; in all periods; syn.: facere, efficere, transigere, gerere, tractare, curare): cui quod agat institutumst nullo negotio id agit, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 254 Vahl.): ut quae egi, ago, axim, verruncent bene, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 114 Rib.):
At nihil est, nisi, dum calet, hoc agitur,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 92:
Ut id agam, quod missus huc sum,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 44: homines quae agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea si cui in somno accidunt, minus mirum est, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:
observabo quam rem agat,
what he is going to do, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 114:
Id quidem ago,
That is what I am doing, Verg. E. 9, 37:
res vera agitur,
Juv. 4, 35:
Jam tempus agires,
Verg. A. 5, 638:
utilis rebus agendis,
Juv. 14, 72:
grassator ferro agit rem,
does the business with a dagger, id. 3, 305; 6, 659 (cf.:
gladiis geritur res,
Liv. 9, 41):
nihil ego nunc de istac re ago,
do nothing about that matter, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8:
postquam id actumst,
after this is accomplished, id. Am. 1, 1, 72; so,
sed quid actumst?
id. Ps. 2, 4, 20:
nihil aliud agebam nisi eum defenderem,
Cic. Sull. 12:
ne quid temere ac fortuitu, inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,
id. Off. 1, 29:
agamus quod instat,
Verg. E. 9, 66:
renuntiaverunt ei omnia, quae egerant,
Vulg. Marc. 6, 30; ib. Act. 5, 35:
suum negotium agere,
to mind one's business, attend to one's own affairs, Cic. Off. 1, 9; id. de Or. 3, 55, 211; so,
ut vestrum negotium agatis,
Vulg. 1 Thess. 4, 11:
neque satis Bruto constabat, quid agerent,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14:
postquam res in Africa gestas, quoque modo actae forent, fama divolgavit,
Sall. J. 30, 1:
sed tu delibera, utrum colloqui malis an per litteras agere quae cogitas,
Nep. Con. 3, 8 al. —With the spec. idea of completing, finishing: jucundi acti labores, a proverb in Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105.—
3.
To pursue in one's mind, to drive at, to revolve, to be occupied with, think upon, have in view, aim at (cf. agito, II. E., volvo and voluto):
nescio quid mens mea majus agit,
Ov. H. 12, 212:
hoc variis mens ipsa modis agit,
Val. Fl. 3, 392:
agere fratri proditionem,
Tac. H. 2, 26:
de intranda Britannia,
id. Agr. 13.—
4.
With a verbal subst., as a favorite circumlocution for the action indicated by the subst. (cf. in Gr. agô with verbal subst.):
rimas agere (sometimes ducere),
to open in cracks, fissures, to crack, Cic. Att. 14, 9; Ov. M. 2, 211; Luc. 6, 728: vos qui regalis corporis custodias agitis, keep watch over, guard, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1; so Liv. 5, 10:
vigilias agere,
Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 93; Nep. Thras. 4; Tac. H. 3, 76:
excubias alicui,
Ov. F. 3, 245:
excubias,
Tac. H. 4, 58:
pervigilium,
Suet. Vit. 10:
stationem agere,
to keep guard, Liv. 35, 29; Tac. H. 1, 28:
triumphum agere,
to triumph, Cic. Fam. 3, 10; Ov. M. 15, 757; Suet. Dom. 6:
libera arbitria agere,
to make free decisions, to decide arbitrarily, Liv. 24, 45; Curt. 6, 1, 19; 8, 1, 4:
paenitentiam agere,
to exercise repentance, to repent, Quint. 9, 3, 12; Petr. S. 132; Tac. Or. 15; Curt. 8, 6, 23; Plin. Ep. 7, 10; Vulg. Lev. 5, 5; ib. Matt. 3, 2; ib. Apoc. 2, 5:
silentia agere,
to maintain silence, Ov. M. 1, 349:
pacem agere,
Juv. 15, 163:
crimen agere,
to bring accusation, to accuse, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48:
laborem agere,
id. Fin. 2, 32:
cursus agere,
Ov. Am. 3, 6, 95:
delectum agere,
to make choice, to choose, Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 107; Quint. 10, 4, 5:
experimenta agere,
Liv. 9, 14; Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
mensuram,
id. 15, 3, 4, § 14:
curam agere,
to care for, Ov. H. 15, 302; Quint. 8, prooem. 18:
curam ejus egit,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 34:
oblivia agere,
to forget, Ov. M. 12, 540:
nugas agere,
to trifle, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 29; id. As. 1, 1, 78, and often:
officinas agere,
to keep shop, Inscr. Orell. 4266.—So esp.: agere gratias ( poet. grates; never in sing. gratiam), to give thanks, to thank; Gr. charin echein ( habere gratiam is to be or feel grateful; Gr. charin eidenai; and referre gratiam, to return a favor, requite; Gr. charin apodidonai; cf. Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 7):
diis gratias pro meritis agere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26:
Haud male agit gratias,
id. Aul. 4, 4, 31:
Magnas vero agere gratias Thais mihi?
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 1:
Dis magnas merito gratias habeo atque ago,
id. Phorm. 5, 6, 80: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter, Cic. Fam. 1, 10: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam;
nam relaturum me adfirmare non possum,
id. ib. 10, 11, 1: maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus, C. Caesar;
majores etiam habemus,
id. Marcell. 11, 33:
Trebatio magnas ago gratias, quod, etc.,
id. Fam. 11, 28, 8: renuntiate gratias regi me agere;
referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque, reliqui Caelites, * Cic. Rep. 6, 9:
gaudet et invito grates agit inde parenti,
Ov. M. 2, 152; so id. ib. 6, 435; 484; 10, 291; 681; 14, 596; Vulg. 2 Reg. 8, 10; ib. Matt. 15, 36 al.;
and in connection with this, laudes agere: Jovis fratri laudes ago et grates gratiasque habeo,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 2:
Dianae laudes gratesque agam,
id. Mil. 2, 5, 2; so,
diis immortalibus laudesque et grates egit,
Liv. 26, 48:
agi sibi gratias passus est,
Tac. Agr. 42; so id. H. 2, 71; 4, 51; id. A. 13, 21; but oftener grates or gratis in Tac.:
Tiberius egit gratis benevolentiae patrum, A. 6, 2: agit grates,
id. H. 3, 80; 4, 64; id. A. 2, 38; 2, 86; 3, 18; 3, 24; 4, 15 al.—
5.
Of time, to pass, spend (very freq. and class.): Romulus in caelo cum dis agit aevom, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28; so Pac. id. ib. 2, 21, 49, and Hor. S. 1, 5, 101:
tempus,
Tac. H. 4, 62; id. A. 3, 16: domi aetatem, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6:
aetatem in litteris,
Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:
senectutem,
id. Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 17, 60:
dies festos,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Tac. G. 17:
otia secura,
Verg. G. 3, 377; Ov. F. 1, 68; 4, 926:
ruri agere vitam,
Liv. 7, 39, and Tac. A. 15, 63:
vitam in terris,
Verg. G. 2, 538:
tranquillam vitam agere,
Vulg. 1 Tim. 2, 2:
Hunc (diem) agerem si,
Verg. A. 5, 51:
ver magnus agebat Orbis,
id. G. 2, 338:
aestiva agere,
to pass, be in, summer quarters, Liv. 27, 8; 27, 21; Curt. 5, 8, 24.— Pass.:
menses jam tibi esse actos vides,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 2:
mensis agitur hic septimus,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 34, and Ov. M. 7, 700:
melior pars acta (est) diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156; Juv. 4, 66; Tac. A. 15, 63:
acta est per lacrimas nox,
Ov. H. 12, 58 Ruhnk.:
tunc principium anni agebatur,
Liv. 3, 6:
actis quindecim annis in regno,
Just. 41, 5, 9:
Nona aetas agitur,
Juv. 13, 28 al. —With annus and an ordinal, to be of a certain age, to be so old:
quartum annum ago et octogesimum,
am eighty-four years old, Cic. Sen. 10, 32:
Annum agens sextum decimum patrem amisit,
Suet. Caes. 1.—Metaph.: sescentesimum et quadragesimum annum urbs nostra agebat, was in its 640 th year, Tac. G. 37.— Hence also absol. (rare), to pass or spend time, to live, to be, to be somewhere:
civitas laeta agere,
was joyful, Sall. J. 55, 2:
tum Marius apud primos agebat,
id. ib. 101, 6:
in Africa, qua procul a mari incultius agebatur,
id. ib. 89, 7:
apud illos homines, qui tum agebant,
Tac. A. 3, 19:
Thracia discors agebat,
id. ib. 3, 38:
Juxta Hermunduros Naristi agunt,
Tac. G. 42:
ultra jugum plurimae gentes agunt,
id. ib. 43:
Gallos trans Padum agentes,
id. H. 3, 34:
quibus (annis) exul Rhodi agit,
id. A. 1, 4:
agere inter homines desinere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
Vitellius non in ore volgi agere,
was not in the sight of the people, id. H. 3, 36:
ante aciem agere,
id. G. 7; and:
in armis agere,
id. A. 14, 55 = versari.—
6.
In the lang. of offerings, t. t., to despatch the victim, to kill, slay. In performing this rite, the sacrificer asked the priest, agone, shall I do it? and the latter answered, age or hoc age, do it:
qui calido strictos tincturus sanguine cultros semper, Agone? rogat, nec nisi jussus agit,
Ov. F. 1. 321 (cf. agonia and agonalia):
a tergo Chaeream cervicem (Caligulae) gladio caesim graviter percussisse, praemissa voce,
hoc age, Suet. Calig. 58; id. Galb. 20. —This call of the priest in act of solemn sacrifice, Hoc age, warned the assembled multitude to be quiet and give attention; hence hoc or id and sometimes haec or istuc agere was used for, to give attention to, to attend to, to mind, heed; and followed by ut or ne, to pursue a thing, have it in view, aim at, design, etc.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 1, 2, 15, and Suet. Calig. 58: hoc agite, Plaut. As. prol. init.:
Hoc age,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 152; id. Ep. 1, 6, 31:
Hoc agite, of poetry,
Juv. 7, 20:
hoc agamus,
Sen. Clem. 1, 12:
haec agamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49:
agere hoc possumus,
Lucr. 1, 41; 4, 969; Juv. 7, 48:
hoccine agis an non? hoc agam,
id. ib., Ter. And. 1, 2, 15; 2, 5, 4:
nunc istuc age,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 3 al.:
Hoc egit civis Romanus ante te nemo,
Cic. Lig. 4, 11:
id et agunt et moliuntur,
id. Mur. 38:
(oculi, aures, etc.) quasi fenestrae sunt animi, quibus tamen sentire nihil queat mens, nisi id agat et adsit,
id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: qui id egerunt, ut gentem... collocarent, aimed at this, that, etc., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12:
qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
keep it in view, that, id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?
id. Lig. 6, 18:
Hoc agit, ut doleas,
Juv. 5, 157:
Hoc age, ne mutata retrorsum te ferat aura,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 88:
Quid tuus ille destrictus gladius agebat?
have in view, mean, Cic. Leg. 3, 9:
Quid aliud egimus nisi ut, quod hic potest, nos possemus?
id. ib. 4, 10:
Sin autem id actum est, ut homines postremi pecuniis alienis locupletarentur,
id. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:
certiorem eum fecit, id agi, ut pons dissolveretur,
Nep. Them. 5, 1:
ego id semper egi, ne bellis interessem,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7.—Also, the opp.: alias res or aliud agere, not to attend to, heed, or observe, to pursue secondary or subordinate objects: Ch. Alias res agis. Pa. Istuc ago equidem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 57; id. Hec. 5, 3, 28:
usque eo animadverti eum jocari atque alias res agere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22:
atqui vides, quam alias res agamus,
id. de Or. 3, 14, 51; id. Brut. 66, 233:
aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodi cogitans,
id. Clu. 64.—
7.
In relation to public affairs, to conduct, manage, carry on, administer: agere bellum, to carry on or wage war (embracing the whole theory and practice of war, while bellum gerere designates the bodily and mental effort, and the bearing of the necessary burdens; and bellum facere, the actual outbreak of hostile feelings, v. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 28):
qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum agere instituerunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Antiochus si tam in agendo bello parere voluisset consiliis ejus (Hannibalis) quam in suscipiendo instituerat, etc.,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3; Curt. 4, 10, 29:
aliena bella mercedibus agere,
Mel. 1, 16:
Bellaque non puero tractat agenda puer,
Ov. A. A. 1, 182 (also in id. Tr. 2, 230, Gron. Observ. 2, 3, 227, for the usu. obit, with one MS., reads agit; so Merkel).— Poet.:
Martem for bellum,
Luc. 4, 2: agere proelium, to give battle (very rare):
levibus proeliis cum Gallis actis,
Liv. 22, 9.—Of offices, employments, etc., to conduct, exercise, administer, hold:
forum agere,
to hold court, Cic. Fam. 8, 6; and:
conventus agere,
to hold the assizes, id. Verr. 5, 11, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 54; 6, 44;
used of the governors of provinces: judicium agere,
Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:
vivorum coetus agere,
to make assemblies of, to assemble, Tac. A. 16, 34:
censum agere,
Liv. 3, 22; Tac. A. 14, 46; Suet. Aug. 27:
recensum agere,
id. Caes. 41:
potestatem agere,
Flor. 1, 7, 2:
honorem agere,
Liv. 8, 26:
regnum,
Flor. 1, 6, 2:
rem publicam,
Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 8:
consulatum,
Quint. 12, 1, 16:
praefecturam,
Suet. Tib. 6:
centurionatum,
Tac. A. 1, 44:
senatum,
Suet. Caes. 88:
fiscum agere,
to have charge of the treasury, id. Dom. 12:
publicum agere,
to collect the taxes, id. Vesp. 1:
inquisitionem agere,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
curam alicujus rei agere,
to have the management of, to manage, Liv. 6, 15; Suet. Claud. 18:
rei publicae curationem agens,
Liv. 4, 13: dilectum agere, to make a levy, to levy (postAug. for dilectum habere, Cic., Caes., Sall.), Quint. 12, 3, 5; Tac. A. 2, 16; id. Agr. 7 and 10; id. H. 2, 16, 12; Suet. Calig. 43. —
8.
Of civil and political transactions in the senate, the forum, before tribunals of justice, etc., to manage or transact, to do, to discuss, plead, speak, deliberate; constr. aliquid or de aliqua re:
velim recordere, quae ego de te in senatu egerim, quae in contionibus dixerim,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2; 1, 9:
de condicionibus pacis,
Liv. 8, 37:
de summa re publica,
Suet. Caes. 28:
cum de Catilinae conjuratione ageretur in curia,
id. Aug. 94:
de poena alicujus,
Liv. 5, 36:
de agro plebis,
id. 1, 46.—Hence the phrase: agere cum populo, of magistrates, to address the people in a public assembly, for the purpose of obtaining their approval or rejection of a thing (while [p. 76] agere ad populum signifies to propose, to bring before the people):
cum populo agere est rogare quid populum, quod suffragiis suis aut jubeat aut vetet,
Gell. 13, 15, 10:
agere cum populo de re publica,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 12; id. Lael. 25, 96:
neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat neve cum populo agat,
Sall. C. 51, 43.—So also absol.:
hic locus (rostra) ad agendum amplissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1:
Metellus cum agere coepisset, tertio quoque verbo orationis suae me appellabat,
id. Fam. 5, 2.— Transf. to common life.
a.
Agere cum aliquo, de aliquo or re or ut, to treat, deal, negotiate, confer, talk with one about a person or thing; to endeavor to persuade or move one, that, etc.: nihil age tecum (sc. cum odore vini);
ubi est ipsus (vini lepos)?
I have nothing to do with you, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 11:
Quae (patria) tecum, Catilina, sic agit,
thus pleads, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 18:
algae Inquisitores agerent cum remige nudo,
Juv. 4, 49:
haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant,
thus treated together, Verg. A. 11, 445:
de quo et praesens tecum egi diligenter, et scripsi ad te accurate antea,
Cic. Fam. 13, 75:
egi cum Claudia et cum vestra sorore Mucia, ut eum ab illa injuria deterrerent,
id. ib. 5, 2:
misi ad Metellum communes amicos, qui agerent cum eo, ut de illa mente desisteret,
id. ib. 5, 2:
Callias quidam egit cum Cimone, ut eam (Elpinicen) sibi uxorem daret,
Nep. Cim. 1, 3.—Also absol.:
Alcibiades praesente vulgo agere coepit,
Nep. Alc. 8, 2:
si qua Caesares obtinendae Armeniae egerant,
Tac. A. 15, 14:
ut Lucretius agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,
Liv. 2, 2.—In Suet. once agere cum senatu, with acc. and inf., to propose or state to the Senate:
Tiberius egit cum senatu non debere talia praemia tribui,
Suet. Tib. 54.—
b.
With the advv. bene, praeclare, male, etc., to deal well or ill with one, to treat or use well or ill:
facile est bene agere cum eis, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 14, 11:
bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade, si, etc.,
Val. Max. 5, 3, 3 ext.; Vulg. Jud. 9, 16:
praeclare cum aliquo agere,
Cic. Sest. 23:
Male agis mecum,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 21:
qui cum creditoribus suis male agat,
Cic. Quinct. 84; and:
tu contra me male agis,
Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—Freq. in pass., to be or go well or ill with one, to be well or badly off:
intelleget secum actum esse pessime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50:
praeclare mecum actum puto,
id. Fam. 9, 24; so id. ib. 5, 18: exstat cujusdam non inscitus jocus bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si Domitius pater talem habuisset uxorem, it would have gone well with human affairs, been well for mankind, if, etc., Suet. Ner. 28.—Also absol. without cum: agitur praeclare, si nosmet ipsos regere possumus, it is well done if, etc., it is a splendid thing if, etc., Cic. Fam. 4, 14:
vivitur cum eis, in quibus praeclare agitur si sunt simulacra virtutis,
id. Off. 1, 15:
bene agitur pro noxia,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—
9.
Of transactions before a court or tribunal.
a.
Aliquid agere ex jure, ex syngrapha, ex sponso, or simply the abl. jure, lege, litibus, obsignatis tabellis, causa, to bring an action or suit, to manage a cause, to plead a case:
ex jure civili et praetorio agere,
Cic. Caecin. 12:
tamquam ex syngrapha agere cum populo,
to litigate, id. Mur. 17:
ex sponso egit,
id. Quint. 9: Ph. Una injuriast Tecum. Ch. Lege agito ergo, Go to law, then, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90:
agere lege in hereditatem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175; Ov. F. 1, 48; Liv. 9, 46:
cum illo se lege agere dicebat,
Nep. Tim. 5: summo jure agere, to assert or claim one's right to the full extent of the law, Cic. Off. 1, 11:
non enim gladiis mecum, sed litibus agetur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 4:
causa quam vi agere malle,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
tabellis obsignatis agis mecum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:
Jure, ut opinor, agat, jure increpet inciletque,
with right would bring her charge, Lucr. 3, 963; so,
Castrensis jurisdictio plura manu agens,
settles more cases by force, Tac. Agr. 9:
ubi manu agitur,
when the case is settled by violent hands, id. G. 36.—
b.
Causam or rem agere, to try or plead a case; with apud, ad, or absol.:
causam apud centumviros egit,
Cic. Caecin. 24:
Caesar cum ageret apud censores,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10; so with adversus:
egi causam adversus magistratus,
Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 11:
orator agere dicitur causam,
Varr. L. L. 6, 42: causam isto modo agere, Cic. Lig. 4, 10; Tac. Or. 5; 11; 14; Juv. 2, 51; 14, 132:
agit causas liberales,
Cic. Fam. 8, 9: qui ad rem agendam adsunt, M. Cael. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 51:
cum (M. Tullius) et ipsam se rem agere diceret,
Quint. 12, 10, 45: Gripe, accede huc;
tua res agitur,
is being tried, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 104; Quint. 8, 3, 13;
and extra-judicially: rogo ad Caesarem meam causam agas,
Cic. Fam. 5, 10:
Una (factio) populi causam agebat, altera optimatum,
Nep. Phoc. 3; so, agere, absol., to plead' ad judicem sic agi solet, Cic. Lig. 10:
tam solute agere, tam leniter,
id. Brut. 80:
tu istuc nisi fingeres, sic ageres?
id. ib. 80; Juv. 7, 143 and 144; 14, 32.— Transf. to common life; with de or acc., to discuss, treat, speak of:
Sed estne hic ipsus, de quo agebam?
of whom I was speaking, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53:
causa non solum exponenda, sed etiam graviter copioseque agenda est,
to be discussed, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37:
Samnitium bella, quae agimus,
are treating of, Liv. 10, 31.—Hence,
c.
Agere aliquem reum, to proceed against one as accused, to accuse one, Liv. 4, 42; 24, 25; Tac. A. 14, 18:
reus agitur,
id. ib. 15, 20; 3, 13; and with the gen. of the crime, with which one is charged:
agere furti,
to accuse of theft, Cic. Fam. 7, 22:
adulterii cum aliquo,
Quint. 4, 4, 8:
injuriarum,
id. 3, 6, 19; and often in the Pandects.—
d.
Pass. of the thing which is the subject of accusation, to be in suit or in question; it concerns or affects, is about, etc.:
non nunc pecunia, sed illud agitur, quomodo, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 67:
non capitis ei res agitur, sed pecuniae,
the point in dispute, id. Phorm. 4, 3, 26:
aguntur injuriae sociorum, agitur vis legum, agitur existimatio, veritasque judiciorum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:
si magna res, magna hereditas agetur,
id. Fin. 2, 17: qua de re agitur, what the point of dispute or litigation is, id. Brut. 79.—Hence, trop.,
(α).
Res agitur, the case is on trial, i. e. something is at stake or at hazard, in peril, or in danger:
at nos, quarum res agitur, aliter auctores sumus,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 72:
quasi istic mea res minor agatur quam tua,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113:
agitur populi Romani gloria, agitur salus sociorum atque amicorum, aguntur certissima populi Romani vectigalia et maxima, aguntur bona multorum civium,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:
in quibus eorum aut caput agatur aut fama,
id. Lael. 17, 61; Nep. Att. 15, 2:
non libertas solum agebatur,
Liv. 28, 19; Sen. Clem. 1, 20 al.:
nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84 (= in periculo versatur, Lambin.):
agitur pars tertia mundi,
is at stake, I am in danger of losing, Ov. M. 5, 372.—
(β).
Res acta est, the case is over (and done for): acta haec res est;
perii,
this matter is ended, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3: hence, actum est de aliquo or aliqua re, it is all over with a person or thing:
actum hodie est de me,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63:
jam de Servio actum,
Liv. 1, 47:
actum est de collo meo,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 4, 194.—So also absol.: actumst;
ilicet me infelicem,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 17:
si animus hominem pepulit, actumst,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 27; Ter. And. 3, 1, 7; Cic. Att. 5, 15:
actumst, ilicet, peristi,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 9: periimus;
actumst,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 3.—
(γ).
Rem actam agere, to plead a case already finished, i. e. to act to no purpose:
rem actam agis,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 27; id. Cist. 4, 2, 36; Liv. 28, 40; so,
actum or acta agere: actum, aiunt, ne agas,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Att. 9, 18:
acta agimus,
id. Am. 22.—
10.
To represent by external action, to perform, pronounce, deliver, etc.
a.
Of an orator, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 79:
quae sic ab illo acta esse constabat oculis, voce, gestu, inimici ut lacrimas tenere non possent,
id. ib. 3, 56, 214:
agere fortius et audentius volo,
Tac. Or. 18; 39.—
b.
Of an actor, to represent, play, act:
Ipse hanc acturust Juppiter comoediam,
Plaut. Am. prol. 88; so,
fabulam,
Ter. Ad. prol. 12; id. Hec. prol. 22:
dum haec agitur fabula,
Plaut. Men. prol. 72 al.:
partis,
to have a part in a play, Ter. Phorm. prol. 27:
Ballionem illum cum agit, agit Chaeream,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7:
gestum agere in scaena,
id. de Or. 2, 57:
dicitur canticum egisse aliquanto magis vigente motu,
Liv. 7, 2 al. — Transf. to other relations, to represent or personate one, to act the part of, to act as, behave like: has partes lenitatis semper egi, Cic. Mur. 3:
egi illos omnes adulescentes, quos ille actitat,
id. Fam. 2, 9:
amicum imperatoris,
Tac. H. 1, 30:
exulem,
id. A. 1, 4:
socium magis imperii quam ministrum,
id. H. 2, 83:
senatorem,
Tac. A. 16, 28.—So of things poetically:
utrinque prora frontem agit,
serves as a bow, Tac. G. 44.—
11.
Se agere = se gerere, to carry one's self, to behave, deport one's self:
tanta mobilitate sese Numidae agunt,
Sall. J. 56, 5:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint,
Tac. H. 3, 2 Halm:
qui se pro equitibus Romanis agerent,
Suet. Claud. 25:
non principem se, sed ministrum egit,
id. ib. 29:
neglegenter se et avare agere,
Eutr. 6, 9:
prudenter se agebat,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5:
sapienter se agebat,
ib. 4 Reg. 18, 7. —Also absol.:
seditiose,
Tac. Agr. 7:
facile justeque,
id. ib. 9:
superbe,
id. H. 2, 27:
ex aequo,
id. ib. 4, 64:
anxius et intentus agebat,
id. Agr. 5.—
12.
Imper.: age, agite, Ter., Tib., Lucr., Hor., Ov., never using agite, and Catull. never age, with which compare the Gr. age, agete (also accompanied by the particles dum, eia, en, ergo, igitur, jam, modo, nuncjam, porro, quare, quin, sane, vero, verum, and by sis); as an exclamation.
a.
In encouragement, exhortation, come! come on! (old Engl. go to!) up! on! quick! (cf. I. B. fin.).
(α).
In the sing.:
age, adsta, mane, audi, Enn. ap. Delr. Synt. 1, 99: age i tu secundum,
come, follow me! Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 1:
age, perge, quaeso,
id. Cist. 2, 3, 12:
age, da veniam filio,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14:
age, age, nunc experiamur,
id. ib. 5, 4, 23:
age sis tu... delude,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 89; id. Ep. 3, 4, 39; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 16:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint, agedum eam solve cistulam,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 151; id. Capt. 3, 4, 39:
Agedum vicissim dic,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Eun. 4, 4, 27:
agedum humanis concede,
Lucr. 3, 962:
age modo hodie sero,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103:
age nuncjam,
id. And. 5, 2, 25:
En age, quid cessas,
Tib. 2, 2, 10:
Quare age,
Verg. A. 7, 429:
Verum age,
id. ib. 12, 832:
Quin age,
id. G. 4, 329:
en, age, Rumpe moras,
id. ib. 3, 43:
eia age,
id. A. 4, 569.—
(β).
In the plur.:
agite, pugni,
up, fists, and at 'em! Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 146:
agite bibite,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 1, 3, 68:
agite in modum dicite,
Cat. 61, 38:
Quare agite... conjungite,
id. 64, 372; Verg. A. 1, 627:
vos agite... volvite,
Val. Fl. 3, 311:
agite nunc, divites, plorate,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 1:
agitedum,
Liv. 3, 62.—Also age in the sing., with a verb in the plur. (cf. age tamnete, Hom. Od. 3, 332; age dê trapeiomen, id. Il. 3, 441):
age igitur, intro abite,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:
En agedum convertite,
Prop. 1, 1, 21:
mittite, agedum, legatos,
Liv. 38, 47:
Ite age,
Stat. Th. 10, 33:
Huc age adeste,
Sil. 11, 169.—
b.
In transitions in discourse, well then! well now! well! (esp. in Cic. Or. very freq.). So in Plaut. for resuming discourse that has been interrupted: age, tu interea huic somnium narra, Curc. 2, 2, 5: nunc age, res quoniam docui non posse creari, etc., well now, since I have taught, etc., Lucr. 1, 266:
nunc age, quod superest, cognosce et clarius audi,
id. 1, 920; so id. 1, 952; 2, 62; 333; 730; 3, 418;
4, 109 al.: age porro, tu, qui existimari te voluisti interpretem foederum, cur, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22; so id. Rosc. Am. 16; id. Part. 12; id. Att. 8, 3.—And age (as in a.) with a verb in the plur.:
age vero, ceteris in rebus qualis sit temperantia considerate,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14; so id. Sull. 26; id. Mil. 21; id. Rosc. Am. 37.—
c.
As a sign of assent, well! very well! good! right! Age, age, mansero, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 61: age, age, jam ducat;
dabo,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 57:
Age, veniam,
id. And. 4, 2, 30:
age, sit ita factum,
Cic. Mil. 19:
age sane,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 27; Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119.
► Position.
—Age, used with another verb in the imperative, regularly stands before it, but in poetry, for the sake of the metre, it,
I.
Sometimes follows such verb; as,
a.
In dactylic metre:
Cede agedum,
Prop. 5, 9, 54:
Dic age,
Verg. A. 6, 343; Hor. S. 2, 7, 92; Ov. F. 1, 149:
Esto age,
Pers. 2, 42:
Fare age,
Verg. A. 3, 362:
Finge age,
Ov. H. 7, 65:
Redde age,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 80:
Surge age,
Verg. A. 3, 169; 8, 59; 10, 241; Ov. H. 14, 73:
Vade age,
Verg. A. 3, 462; 4, 422; so,
agite: Ite agite,
Prop. 4, 3, 7.—
b.
In other metres (very rarely):
appropera age,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 38:
dic age,
Hor. C. 1, [p. 77] 32, 3; 2, 11, 22;
3, 4, 1.—So also in prose (very rarely): Mittite agedum,
Liv. 38, 47:
procedat agedum ad pugnam,
id. 7, 9.—
II.
It is often separated from such verb:
age me huc adspice,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 118; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:
Age... instiga,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 10; 5, 6, 11:
Quare agite... conjungite,
Cat. 64, 372:
Huc age... veni,
Tib. 2, 5, 2:
Ergo age cervici imponere nostrae,
Verg. A. 2, 707:
en age segnis Rumpe moras,
id. G. 3, 42:
age te procellae Crede,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 62:
Age jam... condisce,
id. ib. 4, 11, 31; id. S. 2, 7, 4.—Hence,
1.
ăgens, entis, P. a.
A.
Adj.
1.
Efficient, effective, powerful (only in the rhet. lang. of Cic.):
utendum est imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358:
acre orator, incensus et agens,
id. Brut. 92, 317.— Comp. and sup. not used.
► 2.
Agentia verba, in the grammarians, for verba activa, Gell. 18, 12.—
B.
Subst.: ăgentes, ium.
a.
Under the emperors, a kind of secret police (also called frumentarii and curiosi), Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.; Dig. 1, 12; 1, 20; 21; 22; 23, etc.; Amm. 15, 3; 14, 11 al.—
b.
For agrimensores, land-surveyors, Hyg. Lim. p. 179.—
2.
actus, a, um, P. a. Lit., that has been transacted in the Senate, in the forum, before the courts of justice, etc.; hence,
A.
actum, i, n., a public transaction in the Senate, before the people, or before a single magistrate:
actum ejus, qui in re publica cum imperio versatus sit,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7:
acta Caesaris servanda censeo,
id. ib. 1, 7:
acta tui praeclari tribunatus,
id. Dom. 31.—
B.
acta publĭca, or absol.: acta, orum, n., the register of public acts, records, journal. Julius Caesar, in his consulship, ordered that the doings of the Senate (diurna acta) should be made public, Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Ernest. Exc. 1;
but Augustus again prohibited it,
Suet. Aug. 36. Still the acts of the Senate were written down, and, under the succeeding emperors. certain senators were appointed to this office (actis vel commentariis Senatus conficiendis), Tac. A. 5, 4. They had also public registers of the transactions of the assemblies of the people, and of the different courts of justice;
also of births and deaths, marriages, divorces, etc., which were preserved as sources of future history.—Hence, diurna urbis acta,
the city journal, Tac. A. 13, 31:
acta populi,
Suet. Caes. 20:
acta publica,
Tac. A. 12, 24; Suet. Tib. 8; Plin. Ep. 7, 33:
urbana,
id. ib. 9, 15; which were all comprehended under the gen. name acta.
1.
With the time added:
acta eorum temporum,
Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 60:
illius temporis,
Ascon. Mil. 44, 16:
ejus anni,
Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147.—
2.
Absol., Cic. Fam. 12, 8; 22, 1; 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 10; 3, 16; Suet. Calig. 8; Quint. 9, 3; Juv. 2, 136: Quis dabit historico, quantum daret acta legenti, i. e. to the actuarius, q. v., id. 7, 104; cf. Bahr's Rom. Lit. Gesch. 303.—
C.
acta triumphōrum, the public record of triumphs, fuller than the Fasti triumphales, Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 12.—
D.
acta fŏri (v. Inscr. Grut. 445, 10), the records,
a.
Of strictly historical transactions, Amm. 22, 3, 4; Dig. 4, 6, 33, § 1.—
b.
Of matters of private right, as wills, gifts, bonds (acta ad jus privatorum pertinentia, Dig. 49, 14, 45, § 4), Fragm. Vat. §§ 249, 266, 268, 317.—
E.
acta militarĭa, the daily records of the movements of a legion, Veg. R. R. 2, 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > agentes
13 ago

ăgo, egi, actum, 3, v. a. (axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. axitiosi, p. 3 Mull.;
axit = egerit,
Paul. Diac. 3, 3;
AGIER = agi,
Cic. Off. 3, 15;
agentum = agentium,
Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6) [cf. agô; Sanscr. ag, aghami = to go, to drive; agmas = way, train = ogmos; agis = race, contest = agôn; perh. also Germ. jagen, to drive, to hunt], to put in motion, to move (syn.: agitare, pellere, urgere).
I.
Lit.
A.
Of cattle and other animals, to lead, drive.
a.
Absol.: agas asellum, Seip. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 258:
jumenta agebat,
Liv. 1, 48:
capellas ago,
Verg. E. 1, 13:
Pars quia non veniant pecudes, sed agantur, ab actu etc.,
Ov. F. 1, 323:
caballum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 36.—
b.
With acc. of place, prep., sup., or inf.:
agere bovem Romam,
Curt. 1, 45:
equum in hostem,
id. 7, 4:
Germani in amnem aguntur,
Tac. H. 5, 21:
acto ad vallum equo,
id. A. 2, 13:
pecora per calles,
Curt. 7, 11:
per devia rura capellas,
Ov. M. 1, 676:
pecus pastum,
Varr. L. L. 6, 41, p. 88 Mull.:
capellas potum age,
Verg. E. 9, 23:
pecus egit altos Visere montes,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 7.—
B.
Of men, to drive, lead, conduct, impel.
a.
Absol.:
agmen agens equitum,
Verg. A. 7, 804.—
b.
With prep., abl., or inf.:
vinctum ante se Thyum agebat,
Nep. Dat. 3:
agitur praeceps exercitus Lydorum in populos,
Sil. 4, 720:
(adulteram) maritus per omnem vicum verbere agit,
Tac. G. 19; Suet. Calig. 27:
captivos prae se agentes,
Curt. 7, 6; Liv. 23, 1:
acti ante suum quisque praedonem catenati,
Quint. 8, 3, 69:
captivos sub curribus agere,
Mart. 8, 26:
agimur auguriis quaerere exilia,
Verg. A. 3, 5;
and simple for comp.: multis milibus armatorum actis ex ea regione = coactis,
Liv. 44, 31.— In prose: agi, to be led, to march, to go:
quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur,
Liv. 10, 29: si citius agi vellet agmen, that the army would move, or march on quicker, id. 2, 58:
raptim agmine acto,
id. 6, 28; so id. 23, 36; 25, 9.— Trop.:
egit sol hiemem sub terras,
Verg. G. 4, 51:
poemata dulcia sunto Et quocumque volent animum auditoris agunto,
lead the mind, Hor. A. P. 100. —Hence, poet.: se agere, to betake one's self, i. e. to go, to come (in Plaut. very freq.;
also in Ter., Verg., etc.): quo agis te?
where are you going? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 294:
unde agis te?
id. Most. 1, 4, 28; so id. ib. 3, 1, 31; id. Mil. 3, 2, 49; id. Poen. 1, 2, 120; id. Pers. 4, 3, 13; id. Trin. 4, 3, 71:
quo hinc te agis?
where are you going, Ter. And. 4, 2, 25:
Ecce gubernator sese Palinurus agebat,
was moving along, Verg. A. 6, 337:
Aeneas se matutinus agebat,
id. ib. 8, 465:
is enim se primus agebat,
for he strode on in front, id. ib. 9, 696.—Also without se:
Et tu, unde agis?
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 20:
Quo agis?
id. Pers. 2, 2, 34:
Huc age,
Tib. 2, 5, 2 (unless age is here to be taken with veni at the end of the line).—
C.
To drive or carry off (animals or men), to steal, rob, plunder (usually abigere):
Et redigunt actos in sua rura boves,
Ov. F. 3, 64.—So esp. freq. of men or animals taken as booty in war, while ferre is used of portable things; hence, ferre et agere (as in Gr. agein kai pherein, Hom. Il. 5, 484; and reversed, pherein kai agein, in Hdt. and Xen.; cf.:
rapiunt feruntque,
Verg. A. 2, 374:
rapere et auferre,
Cic. Off. 1, 14), in gen., to rob, to plunder: res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv. 22, 3:
ut ferri agique res suas viderunt,
id. 38, 15; so id. 3, 37;
so also: rapere agereque: ut ex alieno agro raperent agerentque,
Liv. 22, 1, 2; but portari atque agi means to bear and carry, to bring together, in Caes. B. C. 2, 29 (as pherein kai agein in Plat. Phaedr. 279, C):
ne pulcram praedam agat,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 3:
urbes, agros vastare, praedas agere,
Sall. J. 20, 8; 32, 3:
pecoris et mancipiorum praedas,
id. ib. 44, 5;
so eccl. Lat.: agere praedas de aliquo,
Vulg. Jud. 9, 16; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8; cf. Gron. Obs. 3, 22, 633.—
D.
To chase, pursue, press animals or men, to drive about or onwards in flight (for the usual agitare).
a.
Of animals:
apros,
Verg. G. 3, 412:
cervum,
id. A. 7, 481; cf. id. ib. 4, 71:
citos canes,
Ov. H. 5, 20:
feros tauros,
Suet. Claud. 21.—
b.
Of men:
ceteros ruerem, agerem,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21 (= prosequerer, premerem, Don.):
ita perterritos egerunt, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 4, 12:
Demoleos cursu palantis Troas agebat,
Verg. A. 5, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 574:
aliquem in exsilium,
Liv. 25, 2; so Just. 2, 9, 6; 16, 4, 4; 17, 3, 17;
22, 1, 16 al.: aliquem in fugam,
id. 16, 2, 3.—
E.
Of inanimate or abstract objects, to move, impel, push forwards, advance, carry to or toward any point:
quid si pater cuniculos agat ad aerarium?
lead, make, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90:
egisse huc Alpheum vias,
made its way, Verg. A. 3, 695:
vix leni et tranquillo mari moles agi possunt,
carry, build out, Curt. 4, 2, 8:
cloacam maximam sub terram agendam,
to be carried under ground, Liv. 1, 56;
so often in the histt., esp. Caes. and Livy, as t. t., of moving forwards the battering engines: celeriter vineis ad oppidum actis,
pushed forwards, up, Caes. B. G. 2, 12 Herz.; so id. ib. 3, 21; 7, 17; id. B. C. 2, 1; Liv. 8, 16:
accelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci,
Verg. A. 9, 505 al.:
fugere colles campique videntur, quos agimus praeter navem, i. e. praeter quos agimus navem,
Lucr. 4, 391:
in litus passim naves egerunt,
drove the ships ashore, Liv. 22, 19:
ratem in amnem,
Ov. F. 1, 500:
naves in advorsum amnem,
Tac. H. 4, 22.— Poet.: agere navem, to steer or direct a ship, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 114; so,
agere currum,
to drive a chariot, Ov. M. 2, 62; 2, 388 al.—
F.
To stir up, to throw out, excite, cause, bring forth (mostly poet.):
scintillasque agere ac late differre favillam,
to throw out sparks and scatter ashes far around, Lucr. 2, 675:
spumas ore,
Verg. G. 3, 203; so Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66:
piceum Flumen agit,
Verg. A. 9, 814:
qui vocem cubantes sensim excitant, eandemque cum egerunt, etc.,
when they have brought it forth, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —Hence, animam agere, to expel the breath of life, give up the ghost, expire:
agens animam spumat,
Lucr. 3, 493:
anhelans vaga vadit, animam agens,
Cat. 63, 31:
nam et agere animam et efflare dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:
Hortensius, cum has litteras scripsi, animam agebat,
id. Fam. 8, 13, 2; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:
eodem tempore et gestum et animam ageres,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 8:
Est tanti habere animam ut agam?
Sen. Ep. 101, 12; and with a play upon words: semper agis causas et res agis, Attale, semper. Est, non est, quod agas, Attale, semper agis. Si res et causae desunt, agis, Attale, mulas;
Attale, ne quod agas desit, agas animam,
Mart. 1, 80.—
G.
Of plants, to put forth or out, to shoot, extend:
(salices) gemmas agunt,
Varr. R. R. 1, 30:
florem agere coeperit ficus,
Col. R. R. 5, 10, 10:
frondem agere,
Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 45:
se ad auras palmes agit,
Verg. G. 2, 364:
(platanum) radices trium et triginta cubitorum egisse,
Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 15:
per glebas sensim radicibus actis,
Ov. M. 4, 254; so id. ib. 2, 583:
robora suas radices in profundum agunt,
Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 127.—Metaph.:
vera gloria radices agit,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
pluma in cutem radices egerat imas,
Ov. M. 2, 582.
II.
Trop.
A.
Spec., to guide, govern:
Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur,
Verg. A. 1, 574; cf. Forbig. ad h. 1., who considers it the only instance of this use, and compares a similar use of agô; v. L. and S. s. v. II. 2.—
B.
In gen., to move, impel, excite, urge to a thing, to prompt or induce to:
si quis ad illa deus te agat,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 24:
una plaga ceteros ad certamen egit,
Liv. 9, 41; 8, 7; 39, 15: quae te, germane, furentem Mens agit in facinus? Ov. M. 5, 14:
totis mentibus acta,
Sil. 10, 191:
in furorem agere,
Quint. 6, 1, 31:
si Agricola in ipsam gloriam praeceps agebatur,
Tac. Agr. 41:
provinciam avaritia in bellum egerat,
id. A. 14, 32.—
C.
To drive, stir up, excite, agitate, rouse vehemently (cf. agito, II.):
me amor fugat, agit,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 8:
agunt eum praecipitem poenae civium Romanorum,
Cic. Verr. 1, 3:
perpetua naturalis bonitas, quae nullis casibus neque agitur neque minuitur,
Nep. Att. 9, 1 Brem.:
opportunitas, quae etiam mediocres viros spe praedae transvorsos agit,
i. e. leads astray, Sall. J. 6, 3; 14, 20; so Sen. Ep. 8, 3.— To pursue with hostile intent, to persecute, disturb, vex, to attack, assail (for the usu. agitare; mostly poet.):
reginam Alecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi,
Verg. A. 7, 405:
non res et agentia (i. e. agitantia, vexantia) verba Lycamben,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25:
acerba fata Romanos agunt,
id. Epod 7, 17:
diris agam vos,
id. ib. 5, 89:
quam deus ultor agebat,
Ov. M. 14, 750:
futurae mortis agor stimulis,
Luc. 4, 517; cf. Matth. ad Cic. Mur. § 21.—
D.
To drive at something, to pursue a course of action, i. e. to make something an object of action; either in the most general sense, like the Engl. do and the Gr. prattein, for every kind of mental or physical employment; or, in a more restricted sense, to exhibit in external action, to act or perform, to deliver or pronounce, etc., so that after the act is completed nothing remains permanent, e. g. a speech, dance, play, etc. (while facere, to make, poiein, denotes the production of an object which continues to exist after the act is completed; and gerere, the performance of the duties of an office or calling).—On these significations, v. Varr. 6, 6, 62, and 6, 7, 64, and 6, 8, 72.—For the more restricted signif. v. Quint. 2, 18, 1 sq.; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 7, 12; Hab. Syn. 426.
1.
In the most gen. signif., to do, act, labor, in opp. to rest or idleness.
a.
With the gen. objects, aliquid, nihil, plus, etc.:
numquam se plus agere quam nihil cum ageret,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17 (cf. with this, id. Off. 3, 1: numquam se minus otiosum esse quam cum otiosus esset): mihi, qui nihil agit, esse omnino non videtur. id. N. D. 2, 16, 46:
post satietatem nihil (est) agendum,
Cels. 1, 2.—Hence,
b.
Without object:
aliud agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi,
Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132; Juv. 16, 49:
agendi tempora,
Tac. H. 3, 40:
industria in agendo, celeritas in conficiendo,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 29.—
c.
In colloquial lang., to do, to fare, get on: quid agis? what are you doing? M. Tulli, quid agis? Cic. Cat. 1, 11:
Quid agis?
What's your business? Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 9; also, How goes it with you? How are you? ti pratteis, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 20; Cic. Fam. 7, 11 al.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 4:
vereor, quid agat,
how he is, Cic. Att. 9, 17:
ut sciatis, quid agam,
Vulg. Ephes. 6, 21:
prospere agit anima tua,
fares well, ib. 3 Joan. 2:
quid agitur?
how goes it with you? how do you do? how are you? Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17; 1, 5, 42; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:
Quid intus agitur?
is going on, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 20; id. Ps. 1, 5, 42 al.—
d.
With nihil or non multum, to do, i. e. to effect, accomplish, achieve nothing, or not much (orig. belonging to colloquial lang., but in the class. per. even in oratorical and poet. style): nihil agit;
collum obstringe homini,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 29:
nihil agis,
you effect nothing, it is of no use, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12:
nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61 Kuhn.; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 10: cupis, inquit, abire; sed nihil agis;
usque tenebo,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 15:
[nihil agis,] nihil assequeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15 B. and K.:
ubi blanditiis agitur nihil,
Ov. M. 6, 685: egerit non multum, has not done much, Curt. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29; cf. Ruhnk. ad Rutil. Lup. p. 120.—
e.
In certain circumstances, to proceed, do, act, manage (mostly belonging to familiar style): Thr. Quid nunc agimus? Gn. Quin redimus, What shall we do now? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 41:
hei mihi! quid faciam? quid agam?
what shall I do? how shall I act? id. Ad. 5, 3, 3:
quid agam, habeo,
id. And. 3, 2, 18 (= quid respondeam habeo, Don.) al.:
sed ita quidam agebat,
was so acting, Cic. Lig. 7, 21: a Burro minaciter actum, Burrus [p. 75] proceeded to threats, Tac. A. 13, 21.—
2.
To pursue, do, perform, transact (the most usual signif. of this word; in all periods; syn.: facere, efficere, transigere, gerere, tractare, curare): cui quod agat institutumst nullo negotio id agit, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 254 Vahl.): ut quae egi, ago, axim, verruncent bene, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 114 Rib.):
At nihil est, nisi, dum calet, hoc agitur,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 92:
Ut id agam, quod missus huc sum,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 44: homines quae agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea si cui in somno accidunt, minus mirum est, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:
observabo quam rem agat,
what he is going to do, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 114:
Id quidem ago,
That is what I am doing, Verg. E. 9, 37:
res vera agitur,
Juv. 4, 35:
Jam tempus agires,
Verg. A. 5, 638:
utilis rebus agendis,
Juv. 14, 72:
grassator ferro agit rem,
does the business with a dagger, id. 3, 305; 6, 659 (cf.:
gladiis geritur res,
Liv. 9, 41):
nihil ego nunc de istac re ago,
do nothing about that matter, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8:
postquam id actumst,
after this is accomplished, id. Am. 1, 1, 72; so,
sed quid actumst?
id. Ps. 2, 4, 20:
nihil aliud agebam nisi eum defenderem,
Cic. Sull. 12:
ne quid temere ac fortuitu, inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,
id. Off. 1, 29:
agamus quod instat,
Verg. E. 9, 66:
renuntiaverunt ei omnia, quae egerant,
Vulg. Marc. 6, 30; ib. Act. 5, 35:
suum negotium agere,
to mind one's business, attend to one's own affairs, Cic. Off. 1, 9; id. de Or. 3, 55, 211; so,
ut vestrum negotium agatis,
Vulg. 1 Thess. 4, 11:
neque satis Bruto constabat, quid agerent,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14:
postquam res in Africa gestas, quoque modo actae forent, fama divolgavit,
Sall. J. 30, 1:
sed tu delibera, utrum colloqui malis an per litteras agere quae cogitas,
Nep. Con. 3, 8 al. —With the spec. idea of completing, finishing: jucundi acti labores, a proverb in Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105.—
3.
To pursue in one's mind, to drive at, to revolve, to be occupied with, think upon, have in view, aim at (cf. agito, II. E., volvo and voluto):
nescio quid mens mea majus agit,
Ov. H. 12, 212:
hoc variis mens ipsa modis agit,
Val. Fl. 3, 392:
agere fratri proditionem,
Tac. H. 2, 26:
de intranda Britannia,
id. Agr. 13.—
4.
With a verbal subst., as a favorite circumlocution for the action indicated by the subst. (cf. in Gr. agô with verbal subst.):
rimas agere (sometimes ducere),
to open in cracks, fissures, to crack, Cic. Att. 14, 9; Ov. M. 2, 211; Luc. 6, 728: vos qui regalis corporis custodias agitis, keep watch over, guard, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1; so Liv. 5, 10:
vigilias agere,
Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 93; Nep. Thras. 4; Tac. H. 3, 76:
excubias alicui,
Ov. F. 3, 245:
excubias,
Tac. H. 4, 58:
pervigilium,
Suet. Vit. 10:
stationem agere,
to keep guard, Liv. 35, 29; Tac. H. 1, 28:
triumphum agere,
to triumph, Cic. Fam. 3, 10; Ov. M. 15, 757; Suet. Dom. 6:
libera arbitria agere,
to make free decisions, to decide arbitrarily, Liv. 24, 45; Curt. 6, 1, 19; 8, 1, 4:
paenitentiam agere,
to exercise repentance, to repent, Quint. 9, 3, 12; Petr. S. 132; Tac. Or. 15; Curt. 8, 6, 23; Plin. Ep. 7, 10; Vulg. Lev. 5, 5; ib. Matt. 3, 2; ib. Apoc. 2, 5:
silentia agere,
to maintain silence, Ov. M. 1, 349:
pacem agere,
Juv. 15, 163:
crimen agere,
to bring accusation, to accuse, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48:
laborem agere,
id. Fin. 2, 32:
cursus agere,
Ov. Am. 3, 6, 95:
delectum agere,
to make choice, to choose, Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 107; Quint. 10, 4, 5:
experimenta agere,
Liv. 9, 14; Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
mensuram,
id. 15, 3, 4, § 14:
curam agere,
to care for, Ov. H. 15, 302; Quint. 8, prooem. 18:
curam ejus egit,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 34:
oblivia agere,
to forget, Ov. M. 12, 540:
nugas agere,
to trifle, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 29; id. As. 1, 1, 78, and often:
officinas agere,
to keep shop, Inscr. Orell. 4266.—So esp.: agere gratias ( poet. grates; never in sing. gratiam), to give thanks, to thank; Gr. charin echein ( habere gratiam is to be or feel grateful; Gr. charin eidenai; and referre gratiam, to return a favor, requite; Gr. charin apodidonai; cf. Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 7):
diis gratias pro meritis agere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26:
Haud male agit gratias,
id. Aul. 4, 4, 31:
Magnas vero agere gratias Thais mihi?
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 1:
Dis magnas merito gratias habeo atque ago,
id. Phorm. 5, 6, 80: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter, Cic. Fam. 1, 10: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam;
nam relaturum me adfirmare non possum,
id. ib. 10, 11, 1: maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus, C. Caesar;
majores etiam habemus,
id. Marcell. 11, 33:
Trebatio magnas ago gratias, quod, etc.,
id. Fam. 11, 28, 8: renuntiate gratias regi me agere;
referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque, reliqui Caelites, * Cic. Rep. 6, 9:
gaudet et invito grates agit inde parenti,
Ov. M. 2, 152; so id. ib. 6, 435; 484; 10, 291; 681; 14, 596; Vulg. 2 Reg. 8, 10; ib. Matt. 15, 36 al.;
and in connection with this, laudes agere: Jovis fratri laudes ago et grates gratiasque habeo,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 2:
Dianae laudes gratesque agam,
id. Mil. 2, 5, 2; so,
diis immortalibus laudesque et grates egit,
Liv. 26, 48:
agi sibi gratias passus est,
Tac. Agr. 42; so id. H. 2, 71; 4, 51; id. A. 13, 21; but oftener grates or gratis in Tac.:
Tiberius egit gratis benevolentiae patrum, A. 6, 2: agit grates,
id. H. 3, 80; 4, 64; id. A. 2, 38; 2, 86; 3, 18; 3, 24; 4, 15 al.—
5.
Of time, to pass, spend (very freq. and class.): Romulus in caelo cum dis agit aevom, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28; so Pac. id. ib. 2, 21, 49, and Hor. S. 1, 5, 101:
tempus,
Tac. H. 4, 62; id. A. 3, 16: domi aetatem, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6:
aetatem in litteris,
Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:
senectutem,
id. Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 17, 60:
dies festos,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Tac. G. 17:
otia secura,
Verg. G. 3, 377; Ov. F. 1, 68; 4, 926:
ruri agere vitam,
Liv. 7, 39, and Tac. A. 15, 63:
vitam in terris,
Verg. G. 2, 538:
tranquillam vitam agere,
Vulg. 1 Tim. 2, 2:
Hunc (diem) agerem si,
Verg. A. 5, 51:
ver magnus agebat Orbis,
id. G. 2, 338:
aestiva agere,
to pass, be in, summer quarters, Liv. 27, 8; 27, 21; Curt. 5, 8, 24.— Pass.:
menses jam tibi esse actos vides,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 2:
mensis agitur hic septimus,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 34, and Ov. M. 7, 700:
melior pars acta (est) diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156; Juv. 4, 66; Tac. A. 15, 63:
acta est per lacrimas nox,
Ov. H. 12, 58 Ruhnk.:
tunc principium anni agebatur,
Liv. 3, 6:
actis quindecim annis in regno,
Just. 41, 5, 9:
Nona aetas agitur,
Juv. 13, 28 al. —With annus and an ordinal, to be of a certain age, to be so old:
quartum annum ago et octogesimum,
am eighty-four years old, Cic. Sen. 10, 32:
Annum agens sextum decimum patrem amisit,
Suet. Caes. 1.—Metaph.: sescentesimum et quadragesimum annum urbs nostra agebat, was in its 640 th year, Tac. G. 37.— Hence also absol. (rare), to pass or spend time, to live, to be, to be somewhere:
civitas laeta agere,
was joyful, Sall. J. 55, 2:
tum Marius apud primos agebat,
id. ib. 101, 6:
in Africa, qua procul a mari incultius agebatur,
id. ib. 89, 7:
apud illos homines, qui tum agebant,
Tac. A. 3, 19:
Thracia discors agebat,
id. ib. 3, 38:
Juxta Hermunduros Naristi agunt,
Tac. G. 42:
ultra jugum plurimae gentes agunt,
id. ib. 43:
Gallos trans Padum agentes,
id. H. 3, 34:
quibus (annis) exul Rhodi agit,
id. A. 1, 4:
agere inter homines desinere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
Vitellius non in ore volgi agere,
was not in the sight of the people, id. H. 3, 36:
ante aciem agere,
id. G. 7; and:
in armis agere,
id. A. 14, 55 = versari.—
6.
In the lang. of offerings, t. t., to despatch the victim, to kill, slay. In performing this rite, the sacrificer asked the priest, agone, shall I do it? and the latter answered, age or hoc age, do it:
qui calido strictos tincturus sanguine cultros semper, Agone? rogat, nec nisi jussus agit,
Ov. F. 1. 321 (cf. agonia and agonalia):
a tergo Chaeream cervicem (Caligulae) gladio caesim graviter percussisse, praemissa voce,
hoc age, Suet. Calig. 58; id. Galb. 20. —This call of the priest in act of solemn sacrifice, Hoc age, warned the assembled multitude to be quiet and give attention; hence hoc or id and sometimes haec or istuc agere was used for, to give attention to, to attend to, to mind, heed; and followed by ut or ne, to pursue a thing, have it in view, aim at, design, etc.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 1, 2, 15, and Suet. Calig. 58: hoc agite, Plaut. As. prol. init.:
Hoc age,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 152; id. Ep. 1, 6, 31:
Hoc agite, of poetry,
Juv. 7, 20:
hoc agamus,
Sen. Clem. 1, 12:
haec agamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49:
agere hoc possumus,
Lucr. 1, 41; 4, 969; Juv. 7, 48:
hoccine agis an non? hoc agam,
id. ib., Ter. And. 1, 2, 15; 2, 5, 4:
nunc istuc age,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 3 al.:
Hoc egit civis Romanus ante te nemo,
Cic. Lig. 4, 11:
id et agunt et moliuntur,
id. Mur. 38:
(oculi, aures, etc.) quasi fenestrae sunt animi, quibus tamen sentire nihil queat mens, nisi id agat et adsit,
id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: qui id egerunt, ut gentem... collocarent, aimed at this, that, etc., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12:
qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
keep it in view, that, id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?
id. Lig. 6, 18:
Hoc agit, ut doleas,
Juv. 5, 157:
Hoc age, ne mutata retrorsum te ferat aura,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 88:
Quid tuus ille destrictus gladius agebat?
have in view, mean, Cic. Leg. 3, 9:
Quid aliud egimus nisi ut, quod hic potest, nos possemus?
id. ib. 4, 10:
Sin autem id actum est, ut homines postremi pecuniis alienis locupletarentur,
id. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:
certiorem eum fecit, id agi, ut pons dissolveretur,
Nep. Them. 5, 1:
ego id semper egi, ne bellis interessem,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7.—Also, the opp.: alias res or aliud agere, not to attend to, heed, or observe, to pursue secondary or subordinate objects: Ch. Alias res agis. Pa. Istuc ago equidem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 57; id. Hec. 5, 3, 28:
usque eo animadverti eum jocari atque alias res agere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22:
atqui vides, quam alias res agamus,
id. de Or. 3, 14, 51; id. Brut. 66, 233:
aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodi cogitans,
id. Clu. 64.—
7.
In relation to public affairs, to conduct, manage, carry on, administer: agere bellum, to carry on or wage war (embracing the whole theory and practice of war, while bellum gerere designates the bodily and mental effort, and the bearing of the necessary burdens; and bellum facere, the actual outbreak of hostile feelings, v. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 28):
qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum agere instituerunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Antiochus si tam in agendo bello parere voluisset consiliis ejus (Hannibalis) quam in suscipiendo instituerat, etc.,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3; Curt. 4, 10, 29:
aliena bella mercedibus agere,
Mel. 1, 16:
Bellaque non puero tractat agenda puer,
Ov. A. A. 1, 182 (also in id. Tr. 2, 230, Gron. Observ. 2, 3, 227, for the usu. obit, with one MS., reads agit; so Merkel).— Poet.:
Martem for bellum,
Luc. 4, 2: agere proelium, to give battle (very rare):
levibus proeliis cum Gallis actis,
Liv. 22, 9.—Of offices, employments, etc., to conduct, exercise, administer, hold:
forum agere,
to hold court, Cic. Fam. 8, 6; and:
conventus agere,
to hold the assizes, id. Verr. 5, 11, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 54; 6, 44;
used of the governors of provinces: judicium agere,
Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:
vivorum coetus agere,
to make assemblies of, to assemble, Tac. A. 16, 34:
censum agere,
Liv. 3, 22; Tac. A. 14, 46; Suet. Aug. 27:
recensum agere,
id. Caes. 41:
potestatem agere,
Flor. 1, 7, 2:
honorem agere,
Liv. 8, 26:
regnum,
Flor. 1, 6, 2:
rem publicam,
Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 8:
consulatum,
Quint. 12, 1, 16:
praefecturam,
Suet. Tib. 6:
centurionatum,
Tac. A. 1, 44:
senatum,
Suet. Caes. 88:
fiscum agere,
to have charge of the treasury, id. Dom. 12:
publicum agere,
to collect the taxes, id. Vesp. 1:
inquisitionem agere,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
curam alicujus rei agere,
to have the management of, to manage, Liv. 6, 15; Suet. Claud. 18:
rei publicae curationem agens,
Liv. 4, 13: dilectum agere, to make a levy, to levy (postAug. for dilectum habere, Cic., Caes., Sall.), Quint. 12, 3, 5; Tac. A. 2, 16; id. Agr. 7 and 10; id. H. 2, 16, 12; Suet. Calig. 43. —
8.
Of civil and political transactions in the senate, the forum, before tribunals of justice, etc., to manage or transact, to do, to discuss, plead, speak, deliberate; constr. aliquid or de aliqua re:
velim recordere, quae ego de te in senatu egerim, quae in contionibus dixerim,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2; 1, 9:
de condicionibus pacis,
Liv. 8, 37:
de summa re publica,
Suet. Caes. 28:
cum de Catilinae conjuratione ageretur in curia,
id. Aug. 94:
de poena alicujus,
Liv. 5, 36:
de agro plebis,
id. 1, 46.—Hence the phrase: agere cum populo, of magistrates, to address the people in a public assembly, for the purpose of obtaining their approval or rejection of a thing (while [p. 76] agere ad populum signifies to propose, to bring before the people):
cum populo agere est rogare quid populum, quod suffragiis suis aut jubeat aut vetet,
Gell. 13, 15, 10:
agere cum populo de re publica,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 12; id. Lael. 25, 96:
neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat neve cum populo agat,
Sall. C. 51, 43.—So also absol.:
hic locus (rostra) ad agendum amplissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1:
Metellus cum agere coepisset, tertio quoque verbo orationis suae me appellabat,
id. Fam. 5, 2.— Transf. to common life.
a.
Agere cum aliquo, de aliquo or re or ut, to treat, deal, negotiate, confer, talk with one about a person or thing; to endeavor to persuade or move one, that, etc.: nihil age tecum (sc. cum odore vini);
ubi est ipsus (vini lepos)?
I have nothing to do with you, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 11:
Quae (patria) tecum, Catilina, sic agit,
thus pleads, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 18:
algae Inquisitores agerent cum remige nudo,
Juv. 4, 49:
haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant,
thus treated together, Verg. A. 11, 445:
de quo et praesens tecum egi diligenter, et scripsi ad te accurate antea,
Cic. Fam. 13, 75:
egi cum Claudia et cum vestra sorore Mucia, ut eum ab illa injuria deterrerent,
id. ib. 5, 2:
misi ad Metellum communes amicos, qui agerent cum eo, ut de illa mente desisteret,
id. ib. 5, 2:
Callias quidam egit cum Cimone, ut eam (Elpinicen) sibi uxorem daret,
Nep. Cim. 1, 3.—Also absol.:
Alcibiades praesente vulgo agere coepit,
Nep. Alc. 8, 2:
si qua Caesares obtinendae Armeniae egerant,
Tac. A. 15, 14:
ut Lucretius agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,
Liv. 2, 2.—In Suet. once agere cum senatu, with acc. and inf., to propose or state to the Senate:
Tiberius egit cum senatu non debere talia praemia tribui,
Suet. Tib. 54.—
b.
With the advv. bene, praeclare, male, etc., to deal well or ill with one, to treat or use well or ill:
facile est bene agere cum eis, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 14, 11:
bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade, si, etc.,
Val. Max. 5, 3, 3 ext.; Vulg. Jud. 9, 16:
praeclare cum aliquo agere,
Cic. Sest. 23:
Male agis mecum,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 21:
qui cum creditoribus suis male agat,
Cic. Quinct. 84; and:
tu contra me male agis,
Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—Freq. in pass., to be or go well or ill with one, to be well or badly off:
intelleget secum actum esse pessime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50:
praeclare mecum actum puto,
id. Fam. 9, 24; so id. ib. 5, 18: exstat cujusdam non inscitus jocus bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si Domitius pater talem habuisset uxorem, it would have gone well with human affairs, been well for mankind, if, etc., Suet. Ner. 28.—Also absol. without cum: agitur praeclare, si nosmet ipsos regere possumus, it is well done if, etc., it is a splendid thing if, etc., Cic. Fam. 4, 14:
vivitur cum eis, in quibus praeclare agitur si sunt simulacra virtutis,
id. Off. 1, 15:
bene agitur pro noxia,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—
9.
Of transactions before a court or tribunal.
a.
Aliquid agere ex jure, ex syngrapha, ex sponso, or simply the abl. jure, lege, litibus, obsignatis tabellis, causa, to bring an action or suit, to manage a cause, to plead a case:
ex jure civili et praetorio agere,
Cic. Caecin. 12:
tamquam ex syngrapha agere cum populo,
to litigate, id. Mur. 17:
ex sponso egit,
id. Quint. 9: Ph. Una injuriast Tecum. Ch. Lege agito ergo, Go to law, then, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90:
agere lege in hereditatem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175; Ov. F. 1, 48; Liv. 9, 46:
cum illo se lege agere dicebat,
Nep. Tim. 5: summo jure agere, to assert or claim one's right to the full extent of the law, Cic. Off. 1, 11:
non enim gladiis mecum, sed litibus agetur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 4:
causa quam vi agere malle,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
tabellis obsignatis agis mecum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:
Jure, ut opinor, agat, jure increpet inciletque,
with right would bring her charge, Lucr. 3, 963; so,
Castrensis jurisdictio plura manu agens,
settles more cases by force, Tac. Agr. 9:
ubi manu agitur,
when the case is settled by violent hands, id. G. 36.—
b.
Causam or rem agere, to try or plead a case; with apud, ad, or absol.:
causam apud centumviros egit,
Cic. Caecin. 24:
Caesar cum ageret apud censores,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10; so with adversus:
egi causam adversus magistratus,
Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 11:
orator agere dicitur causam,
Varr. L. L. 6, 42: causam isto modo agere, Cic. Lig. 4, 10; Tac. Or. 5; 11; 14; Juv. 2, 51; 14, 132:
agit causas liberales,
Cic. Fam. 8, 9: qui ad rem agendam adsunt, M. Cael. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 51:
cum (M. Tullius) et ipsam se rem agere diceret,
Quint. 12, 10, 45: Gripe, accede huc;
tua res agitur,
is being tried, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 104; Quint. 8, 3, 13;
and extra-judicially: rogo ad Caesarem meam causam agas,
Cic. Fam. 5, 10:
Una (factio) populi causam agebat, altera optimatum,
Nep. Phoc. 3; so, agere, absol., to plead' ad judicem sic agi solet, Cic. Lig. 10:
tam solute agere, tam leniter,
id. Brut. 80:
tu istuc nisi fingeres, sic ageres?
id. ib. 80; Juv. 7, 143 and 144; 14, 32.— Transf. to common life; with de or acc., to discuss, treat, speak of:
Sed estne hic ipsus, de quo agebam?
of whom I was speaking, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53:
causa non solum exponenda, sed etiam graviter copioseque agenda est,
to be discussed, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37:
Samnitium bella, quae agimus,
are treating of, Liv. 10, 31.—Hence,
c.
Agere aliquem reum, to proceed against one as accused, to accuse one, Liv. 4, 42; 24, 25; Tac. A. 14, 18:
reus agitur,
id. ib. 15, 20; 3, 13; and with the gen. of the crime, with which one is charged:
agere furti,
to accuse of theft, Cic. Fam. 7, 22:
adulterii cum aliquo,
Quint. 4, 4, 8:
injuriarum,
id. 3, 6, 19; and often in the Pandects.—
d.
Pass. of the thing which is the subject of accusation, to be in suit or in question; it concerns or affects, is about, etc.:
non nunc pecunia, sed illud agitur, quomodo, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 67:
non capitis ei res agitur, sed pecuniae,
the point in dispute, id. Phorm. 4, 3, 26:
aguntur injuriae sociorum, agitur vis legum, agitur existimatio, veritasque judiciorum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:
si magna res, magna hereditas agetur,
id. Fin. 2, 17: qua de re agitur, what the point of dispute or litigation is, id. Brut. 79.—Hence, trop.,
(α).
Res agitur, the case is on trial, i. e. something is at stake or at hazard, in peril, or in danger:
at nos, quarum res agitur, aliter auctores sumus,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 72:
quasi istic mea res minor agatur quam tua,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113:
agitur populi Romani gloria, agitur salus sociorum atque amicorum, aguntur certissima populi Romani vectigalia et maxima, aguntur bona multorum civium,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:
in quibus eorum aut caput agatur aut fama,
id. Lael. 17, 61; Nep. Att. 15, 2:
non libertas solum agebatur,
Liv. 28, 19; Sen. Clem. 1, 20 al.:
nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84 (= in periculo versatur, Lambin.):
agitur pars tertia mundi,
is at stake, I am in danger of losing, Ov. M. 5, 372.—
(β).
Res acta est, the case is over (and done for): acta haec res est;
perii,
this matter is ended, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3: hence, actum est de aliquo or aliqua re, it is all over with a person or thing:
actum hodie est de me,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63:
jam de Servio actum,
Liv. 1, 47:
actum est de collo meo,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 4, 194.—So also absol.: actumst;
ilicet me infelicem,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 17:
si animus hominem pepulit, actumst,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 27; Ter. And. 3, 1, 7; Cic. Att. 5, 15:
actumst, ilicet, peristi,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 9: periimus;
actumst,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 3.—
(γ).
Rem actam agere, to plead a case already finished, i. e. to act to no purpose:
rem actam agis,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 27; id. Cist. 4, 2, 36; Liv. 28, 40; so,
actum or acta agere: actum, aiunt, ne agas,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Att. 9, 18:
acta agimus,
id. Am. 22.—
10.
To represent by external action, to perform, pronounce, deliver, etc.
a.
Of an orator, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 79:
quae sic ab illo acta esse constabat oculis, voce, gestu, inimici ut lacrimas tenere non possent,
id. ib. 3, 56, 214:
agere fortius et audentius volo,
Tac. Or. 18; 39.—
b.
Of an actor, to represent, play, act:
Ipse hanc acturust Juppiter comoediam,
Plaut. Am. prol. 88; so,
fabulam,
Ter. Ad. prol. 12; id. Hec. prol. 22:
dum haec agitur fabula,
Plaut. Men. prol. 72 al.:
partis,
to have a part in a play, Ter. Phorm. prol. 27:
Ballionem illum cum agit, agit Chaeream,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7:
gestum agere in scaena,
id. de Or. 2, 57:
dicitur canticum egisse aliquanto magis vigente motu,
Liv. 7, 2 al. — Transf. to other relations, to represent or personate one, to act the part of, to act as, behave like: has partes lenitatis semper egi, Cic. Mur. 3:
egi illos omnes adulescentes, quos ille actitat,
id. Fam. 2, 9:
amicum imperatoris,
Tac. H. 1, 30:
exulem,
id. A. 1, 4:
socium magis imperii quam ministrum,
id. H. 2, 83:
senatorem,
Tac. A. 16, 28.—So of things poetically:
utrinque prora frontem agit,
serves as a bow, Tac. G. 44.—
11.
Se agere = se gerere, to carry one's self, to behave, deport one's self:
tanta mobilitate sese Numidae agunt,
Sall. J. 56, 5:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint,
Tac. H. 3, 2 Halm:
qui se pro equitibus Romanis agerent,
Suet. Claud. 25:
non principem se, sed ministrum egit,
id. ib. 29:
neglegenter se et avare agere,
Eutr. 6, 9:
prudenter se agebat,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5:
sapienter se agebat,
ib. 4 Reg. 18, 7. —Also absol.:
seditiose,
Tac. Agr. 7:
facile justeque,
id. ib. 9:
superbe,
id. H. 2, 27:
ex aequo,
id. ib. 4, 64:
anxius et intentus agebat,
id. Agr. 5.—
12.
Imper.: age, agite, Ter., Tib., Lucr., Hor., Ov., never using agite, and Catull. never age, with which compare the Gr. age, agete (also accompanied by the particles dum, eia, en, ergo, igitur, jam, modo, nuncjam, porro, quare, quin, sane, vero, verum, and by sis); as an exclamation.
a.
In encouragement, exhortation, come! come on! (old Engl. go to!) up! on! quick! (cf. I. B. fin.).
(α).
In the sing.:
age, adsta, mane, audi, Enn. ap. Delr. Synt. 1, 99: age i tu secundum,
come, follow me! Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 1:
age, perge, quaeso,
id. Cist. 2, 3, 12:
age, da veniam filio,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14:
age, age, nunc experiamur,
id. ib. 5, 4, 23:
age sis tu... delude,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 89; id. Ep. 3, 4, 39; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 16:
quanto ferocius ante se egerint, agedum eam solve cistulam,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 151; id. Capt. 3, 4, 39:
Agedum vicissim dic,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Eun. 4, 4, 27:
agedum humanis concede,
Lucr. 3, 962:
age modo hodie sero,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103:
age nuncjam,
id. And. 5, 2, 25:
En age, quid cessas,
Tib. 2, 2, 10:
Quare age,
Verg. A. 7, 429:
Verum age,
id. ib. 12, 832:
Quin age,
id. G. 4, 329:
en, age, Rumpe moras,
id. ib. 3, 43:
eia age,
id. A. 4, 569.—
(β).
In the plur.:
agite, pugni,
up, fists, and at 'em! Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 146:
agite bibite,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 1, 3, 68:
agite in modum dicite,
Cat. 61, 38:
Quare agite... conjungite,
id. 64, 372; Verg. A. 1, 627:
vos agite... volvite,
Val. Fl. 3, 311:
agite nunc, divites, plorate,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 1:
agitedum,
Liv. 3, 62.—Also age in the sing., with a verb in the plur. (cf. age tamnete, Hom. Od. 3, 332; age dê trapeiomen, id. Il. 3, 441):
age igitur, intro abite,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:
En agedum convertite,
Prop. 1, 1, 21:
mittite, agedum, legatos,
Liv. 38, 47:
Ite age,
Stat. Th. 10, 33:
Huc age adeste,
Sil. 11, 169.—
b.
In transitions in discourse, well then! well now! well! (esp. in Cic. Or. very freq.). So in Plaut. for resuming discourse that has been interrupted: age, tu interea huic somnium narra, Curc. 2, 2, 5: nunc age, res quoniam docui non posse creari, etc., well now, since I have taught, etc., Lucr. 1, 266:
nunc age, quod superest, cognosce et clarius audi,
id. 1, 920; so id. 1, 952; 2, 62; 333; 730; 3, 418;
4, 109 al.: age porro, tu, qui existimari te voluisti interpretem foederum, cur, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22; so id. Rosc. Am. 16; id. Part. 12; id. Att. 8, 3.—And age (as in a.) with a verb in the plur.:
age vero, ceteris in rebus qualis sit temperantia considerate,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14; so id. Sull. 26; id. Mil. 21; id. Rosc. Am. 37.—
c.
As a sign of assent, well! very well! good! right! Age, age, mansero, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 61: age, age, jam ducat;
dabo,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 57:
Age, veniam,
id. And. 4, 2, 30:
age, sit ita factum,
Cic. Mil. 19:
age sane,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 27; Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119.
► Position.
—Age, used with another verb in the imperative, regularly stands before it, but in poetry, for the sake of the metre, it,
I.
Sometimes follows such verb; as,
a.
In dactylic metre:
Cede agedum,
Prop. 5, 9, 54:
Dic age,
Verg. A. 6, 343; Hor. S. 2, 7, 92; Ov. F. 1, 149:
Esto age,
Pers. 2, 42:
Fare age,
Verg. A. 3, 362:
Finge age,
Ov. H. 7, 65:
Redde age,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 80:
Surge age,
Verg. A. 3, 169; 8, 59; 10, 241; Ov. H. 14, 73:
Vade age,
Verg. A. 3, 462; 4, 422; so,
agite: Ite agite,
Prop. 4, 3, 7.—
b.
In other metres (very rarely):
appropera age,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 38:
dic age,
Hor. C. 1, [p. 77] 32, 3; 2, 11, 22;
3, 4, 1.—So also in prose (very rarely): Mittite agedum,
Liv. 38, 47:
procedat agedum ad pugnam,
id. 7, 9.—
II.
It is often separated from such verb:
age me huc adspice,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 118; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:
Age... instiga,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 10; 5, 6, 11:
Quare agite... conjungite,
Cat. 64, 372:
Huc age... veni,
Tib. 2, 5, 2:
Ergo age cervici imponere nostrae,
Verg. A. 2, 707:
en age segnis Rumpe moras,
id. G. 3, 42:
age te procellae Crede,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 62:
Age jam... condisce,
id. ib. 4, 11, 31; id. S. 2, 7, 4.—Hence,
1.
ăgens, entis, P. a.
A.
Adj.
1.
Efficient, effective, powerful (only in the rhet. lang. of Cic.):
utendum est imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358:
acre orator, incensus et agens,
id. Brut. 92, 317.— Comp. and sup. not used.
► 2.
Agentia verba, in the grammarians, for verba activa, Gell. 18, 12.—
B.
Subst.: ăgentes, ium.
a.
Under the emperors, a kind of secret police (also called frumentarii and curiosi), Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.; Dig. 1, 12; 1, 20; 21; 22; 23, etc.; Amm. 15, 3; 14, 11 al.—
b.
For agrimensores, land-surveyors, Hyg. Lim. p. 179.—
2.
actus, a, um, P. a. Lit., that has been transacted in the Senate, in the forum, before the courts of justice, etc.; hence,
A.
actum, i, n., a public transaction in the Senate, before the people, or before a single magistrate:
actum ejus, qui in re publica cum imperio versatus sit,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7:
acta Caesaris servanda censeo,
id. ib. 1, 7:
acta tui praeclari tribunatus,
id. Dom. 31.—
B.
acta publĭca, or absol.: acta, orum, n., the register of public acts, records, journal. Julius Caesar, in his consulship, ordered that the doings of the Senate (diurna acta) should be made public, Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Ernest. Exc. 1;
but Augustus again prohibited it,
Suet. Aug. 36. Still the acts of the Senate were written down, and, under the succeeding emperors. certain senators were appointed to this office (actis vel commentariis Senatus conficiendis), Tac. A. 5, 4. They had also public registers of the transactions of the assemblies of the people, and of the different courts of justice;
also of births and deaths, marriages, divorces, etc., which were preserved as sources of future history.—Hence, diurna urbis acta,
the city journal, Tac. A. 13, 31:
acta populi,
Suet. Caes. 20:
acta publica,
Tac. A. 12, 24; Suet. Tib. 8; Plin. Ep. 7, 33:
urbana,
id. ib. 9, 15; which were all comprehended under the gen. name acta.
1.
With the time added:
acta eorum temporum,
Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 60:
illius temporis,
Ascon. Mil. 44, 16:
ejus anni,
Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147.—
2.
Absol., Cic. Fam. 12, 8; 22, 1; 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 10; 3, 16; Suet. Calig. 8; Quint. 9, 3; Juv. 2, 136: Quis dabit historico, quantum daret acta legenti, i. e. to the actuarius, q. v., id. 7, 104; cf. Bahr's Rom. Lit. Gesch. 303.—
C.
acta triumphōrum, the public record of triumphs, fuller than the Fasti triumphales, Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 12.—
D.
acta fŏri (v. Inscr. Grut. 445, 10), the records,
a.
Of strictly historical transactions, Amm. 22, 3, 4; Dig. 4, 6, 33, § 1.—
b.
Of matters of private right, as wills, gifts, bonds (acta ad jus privatorum pertinentia, Dig. 49, 14, 45, § 4), Fragm. Vat. §§ 249, 266, 268, 317.—
E.
acta militarĭa, the daily records of the movements of a legion, Veg. R. R. 2, 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ago
14 aetas

aetās, ātis, f. (abrév. de aevitas; gén. plur. aetatum, qqf. aetatium) [st2]1 [-] âge, partie de la vie. [st2]2 [-] durée de la vie, vie d'un homme. [st2]3 [-] génération. [st2]4 [-] temps, siècle, époque, période.    - in flore aetatis: à la fleur de l'âge.    - ab ineunte aetate: dès le jeune âge.    - aetas provecta: âge avancé.    - homines omnium aetatum, Cic.: des hommes de tous les âges.    - aetate provectus: avancé en âge.    - ejusdem aetatis: de même âge; contemporain.    - aetatem agere (gerere): vivre, passer sa vie.    - aetate nostrā: de nos jours.    - aetate, adv.: depuis longtemps; avec le temps.    - in aetate, adv.: de temps en temps, quelquefois.    - aetatem, adv.: toujours, toute la vie; longtemps.    - mala aetas, Plaut. Men.: la vieillesse.    - aetas, aevitas = senectus: la vieillesse.
* * *
aetās, ātis, f. (abrév. de aevitas; gén. plur. aetatum, qqf. aetatium) [st2]1 [-] âge, partie de la vie. [st2]2 [-] durée de la vie, vie d'un homme. [st2]3 [-] génération. [st2]4 [-] temps, siècle, époque, période.    - in flore aetatis: à la fleur de l'âge.    - ab ineunte aetate: dès le jeune âge.    - aetas provecta: âge avancé.    - homines omnium aetatum, Cic.: des hommes de tous les âges.    - aetate provectus: avancé en âge.    - ejusdem aetatis: de même âge; contemporain.    - aetatem agere (gerere): vivre, passer sa vie.    - aetate nostrā: de nos jours.    - aetate, adv.: depuis longtemps; avec le temps.    - in aetate, adv.: de temps en temps, quelquefois.    - aetatem, adv.: toujours, toute la vie; longtemps.    - mala aetas, Plaut. Men.: la vieillesse.    - aetas, aevitas = senectus: la vieillesse.
* * *

    AEtas, aetatis, pen. prod. f. g. Aage.

\

    AEtas in vino. Pli. Sua cuique aetas vino gratissima. Touts vins ont leur boisson et saison d'estre beuz.

\

    AEtas. Ouid. Les hommes de quelque aage, ou de quelque temps.

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    AEtas. Cic. Jeunesse.

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    AEtas. Virgil. Un an.

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    AEtatem vix decimam ingressus. Varro. Qui venoit à grand peine sur le dixiesme an.

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    Nostra aetate. De nostre temps.

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    AEtas pro Seculo, Id est, centum annis. Cic. Cent ans.

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    AEtas pro Vita hominis. Plaut. La vie.

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    Attulit aliquando optantibus aetas auxilium. Virgil. Le temps.

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    Lanuginis primae aetas. Ouid. Quand le poil follet ou la barbe commence à poindre, ou venir.

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    Fabulam aetatis peragere. Cic. Parachever ou accomplir touts les aages et degrez de la vie humaine.

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    Flexus aetatis. Cic. Quand l'aage commence à se tourner et decliner à vieillesse.

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    Flore aetatis frui. Lucret. Estre en fleur d'aage.

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    Florem aetatis tangere. Lucret. Parvenir à la fleur d'aage.

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    Id aetatis homo, Id aetatis sumus, pro Eius aetatis. Cice. De cest aage.

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    Idem aetatis, pro Eiusdem aetatis. Tacit. De ce mesme aage.

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    Peractio aetatis. Cic. Parachevement, Accomplissement.

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    Progressus aetatis. Cic. L'advancement, ou accroissement d'aage.

\

    Robur aetatis. Tacit. La force de l'aage.

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    Specie aetatis vti. Ouid. Employer la beaulté de son aage, User de la beaulté, etc.

\

    Ver breue aetatis. Ouid. L'adolescence, ou Premiere jeunesse.

\

    Adulta aetate filius. Cic. Qui est parcreu.

\

    Annua aetas. Plin. L'aage d'un an.

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    Aurea. Ouid. L'aage doree, quand ne regnoit aucun vice parmi le monde.

\

    Constans. Ci. L'aage de virilité, quand l'aage est arresté, et l'homme ne croist plus, Aage moyen entre jeunesse et vieillesse.

\

    Crastina. Stat. Le temps à venir.

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    Decrepita. Cic. Extreme vieillesse.

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    Dura. Horat. Hoc est ferrea. Le contraire de l'aage doree.

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    Edax. Lucan. Qui mange et consume toutes choses.

\

    Flexibilis. Cic. Flexible, Aisee et facile à flechir et tourner à bien ou à mal.

\

    Futilis. Sil. Inutile.

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    Heroicis aetatibus Vlyssem et Nestorem accepimus et fuisse et habitos esse sapientes. Cic. Du temps des preux et semidieux.

\

    Impensa aetas labori. Lucan. Employee à travail.

\

    Incuriosa suorum aetas. Tacit. Qui ne se soucie point des siens, Qui n'en prend point de soing.

\

    Inertior. Ouid. Vieillesse.

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    Integra. Terent. Fleur d'aage, Quand l'homme est en sa pleine force.

\

    Irreuocabilis. Lucret. Qui ne peult retourner.

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    Lubrica. Claud. Adolescence en laquelle il est facile de griller et trebucher en quelque vice.

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    Mauortia. Claud. Belliqueuse, propre et idoine à la guerre.

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    AEtas militaris, pro Iuuenibus. Liuius. Jeunes gents idoines à la guerre.

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    Mobilis. Virg. Qu'on peult mener ou tourner et gouverner comme on veult.

\

    Mollis. Ouid. Maniable, Aisee à gouverner.

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    Nubilis. Claud. Mariable.

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    Omnis aetas. Tacit. Toutes sortes d'aage.

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    Otiosam aetatem et quietam traducere. Cic. Vivre oisivement, En oisiveté, ou repos.

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    Opportunissima aetas. Cic. Aage propre et convenable à faire quelque chose.

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    Rudis. Tacit. Aage ignorant, et qui n'est point encore faconné.

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    Senatoria. Taci. Aage legitime et suffisant pour estre senateur.

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    Senecta aetate. Lucret. En vieil aage, En vieillesse.

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    Sera. Ouid. Vieillesse.

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    Superior honeste acta. Cic. Aage passé et employé en choses honnestes.

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    Vinosior. Ouid. Aimant fort le vin.

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    Volatilis. Ouid. Qui vole et passe legierement.

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    Accedit illi plus aetatis. Cic. Il vieillit plus.

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    Adoleuit aetas. Tacit. L'aage est parcreu.

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    Affecta iam aetate Mutius. Cic. Desja vieil et caduque.

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    Agere aetatem desidiose. Lucret. Passer son aage en oisiveté, et à rien faire.

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    AEtatem agere in aliquo loco, vel in re aliqua. Cic. Vivre, Passer ses jours, Finer ses jours, User sa vie.

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    Acta aetas, vel Exacta, pro Extrema senectute, quae decrepitudo dicitur. Plaut. Cic. Aage passé.

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    Exacta aetate Camillus. Liu. Vieil.

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    AEtas anteacta. Lucret. L'aage desja passé.

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    Antecellere aetate. Cic. Estre plus vieil et plus aagé.

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    Coacescit aetas. Cic. Se gaste et corrompt.

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    Composita aetas. Tacit. Aage rassis et posé.

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    Confectus aetate. Cic. Fort vieil, Cassé, ou usé de vieillesse.

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    Confirmata aetas. Cic. Quand on est devenu homme.

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    Conterere aetatem in re aliqua. Cicero. User son temps et son aage en quelque chose.

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    Deficit me aetas. Ouid. Je vieillis et me meurs.

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    Degere aetatem. Lucret. Vivre.

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    Deuexa aetas a laboribus ad otium. Cic. Declinee de travail à repos, Tendant à se reposer, Demandant repos.

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    Ducere aetatem. Horat. Vivre.

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    Ea aetate est. Cic. Il est de ceste aage là.

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    Exacta aetas. Cic. Aage passé.

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    Exacta aetate est. Cic. Il est fort vieil.

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    Excessit illi aetas ex magisterio. Plaut. Il n'est plus en aage pour estre soubs un maistre.

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    Firmata aetas. Cic. Ferme et robuste.

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    Formare aetatem. Quintil. Faconner et endoctriner.

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    Frangitur aetas. Cic. Affoiblit, Devient debile.

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    Gerere aetatem cum aliquo. Seru. Ciceroni. Vivre avec aucun.

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    Satis aetatis habere. Cic. Avoir assez d'aage.

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    Ingrauescens aetas. Cic. L'aage qui s'appesantit desja, qui tire sur la vieillesse.

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    Iniens aetas. Cic. Le commencement d'aage, Quand un enfant commence à avoir quatorze ou quinze ans.

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    Numerare aetatem. Propert. Compter son aage, ses ans.

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    AEtas praecipitata. Matius ad Ciceronem. Vieillesse.

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    Praecurrere aliquem aetate. Ci. Estre plus vieil et aagé que luy, Le passer d'aage.

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    Praeterita aetas. Cic. L'aage passee.

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    Procedere aetate vsque ad. Cic. Vivre jusques à.

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    Processisse aetate. Cic. Avoir de l'aage d'avantage, Estre plus avancé en aage.

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    Progrediens aetas. Cic. Qui s'avance.

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    Progressa aetas. Sueton. Avancé.

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    Progressus aetate. Cic. Qui est avancé en aage, Aagé.

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    Prouecta aetate mortua est. Cic. Ja aagee.

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    Prouectus aetate. Cic. Aagé.

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    Senescit aetas. Cic. L'aage vieillit.

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    Succedit aetas aetati. Cic. Une aage vient apres l'autre.

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    Tardus aetate. Ouid. Pesant à cause de l'aage.

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    Traducere aetatem. Cic. Vivre, Passer son aage.

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    Transcendere aetate aeuum. Sen. Vivre plus que perpetuellement.

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    Vergit aetas. Tacit. Decline.

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    Viuere tertiam hominum aetatem. Cic. Vivre trois cens ans.

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    Per aetatem posse. Cic. Avoir aage idoine et suffisant pour povoir faire quelque chose.

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    AEtatem, Aduerbium temporis. Terent. Iandudum aetatem lites sunt inter eos factae maxumae. Il y a fort long temps.

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    Neque ille hoc animo erit aetatem. Terent. Ceste volunté ou fantasie ne luy durera pas long temps, ou tousjours et toute sa vie.

Dictionarium latinogallicum > aetas
15 a

a, f., n., indécl., [première lettre de l’alphabet] Cic. Div. 1, 23 II abréviations diverses: A. = Aulus [prénom] II = antiquo, je rejette [la proposition sur les bulletins de vote dans les comices] II = absolvo, j’absous [sur les bulletins des juges] ; [d’où l’appellation] littera salutaris Cic. Mil. 15 II A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae ; a. u. c. = ab urbe condita ; a. d. VIII Kal. Nov. = ante diem octavum Kalendas Novembres II [dans les inscr.] A. = Augustus ; A.A. = Augusti duo ; A.A.A. = Augusti tres ; III viri A.A.A.F.F. = triumviri auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo. ā, ou āh, interj., v. ah. ā, ăb, abs, prép. avec abl. (ἀπό). [ABCR]I [point de départ] [zapst]¶1 [avec des v. de mouvement, tr. ou int., simples ou composés] de: a) a signo Vortumni in Circum Maximum venire Cic. Verr. 1, 154: venir de la statue de Vertumne au Cirque Maxime, v. proficiscor, discedo, arcesso, etc ; b) [avec noms de pers.] de chez, d’auprès: a Caesare redire, Cic. Q. 2, 4, 6: revenir de chez César ; c) [sans verbe] non ille Serranus ab aratro, Cic. Sest. 72: non pas le fameux Serranus venu de sa charrue; quid tu, inquit, huc? a villa enim, credo, Cic. Fin. 3, 8: eh! dit-il, pourquoi toi ici? c’est de ta maison de campagne que tu viens, sans doute; d) [en parl de lettres] de la part de: litterae adlatae ab L. Porcio praetore, Liv. 26, 39, 1: une lettre apportée de la part du préteur L. Porcius, cf. Cic. Att. 7, 15, 5 ; 1, 15, 2; e) [avec adesse, marquant résultat du mouvement] adest a milite, Plaut. Ps. 924: il est là venant de la part du militaire, cf. Mil. 958, 1046; Ter. And. 268; Virg. En. 7, 454; dona adsunt tibi a Phaedria, Ter. Eun. 465: il y a là pour toi des présents de la part de Phaedria. f) [avec les noms de ville] de = des environs de [et non pas de l’intérieur de]: Cic., Caes. [zapst]¶2 [pour marquer la provenance] petere, postulare, quaerere, demander à; impetrare, obtenir de; accipere, recevoir de; habere, tenir de, etc.; emere, acheter à; sumere, haurire, prendre à, puiser à; trahere, tirer de; ducere, faire venir de, etc.; discere, audire, apprendre de, entendre de, etc. [zapst]¶3 [idée d’origine] a) oriri, prendre naissance à; fluere, découler de; nasci, naître de; proficisci, partir de, provenir de; ea sunt omnia non a natura, verum a magistro, Cic. Mur. 61: ces imperfections proviennent toutes non pas de la nature, mais du maître, cf. Har. 39; Fin. 1, 21; Off. 2, 69; sed haec et vetera et a Graecis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 74: mais tout cela c'est ancien et aussi tiré de l’histoire grecque, cf. Fam. 3, 13, 1; 5, 3, 1; 9, 16, 7; Par. 11; Sest. 122; b) [idée de naissance, de descendance] a Deucalione ortus, Tusc. 1, 21: né de Deucalion; a M. Tullio esse, Cic. Br. 62: descendre de M. Tullius II [filiation philosophique, littéraire, etc.] ab his oratores exstiterunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 7: d’eux (Péripatéticiens) sortirent des orateurs; erat ab isto Aristotele, Cic. de Or. 2, 160: il était de l’école de votre Aristote, cf. Or. 113; Mur. 63; c) Turnus Herdonius ab Aricia, Liv. l, 50, 3 [= Aricinus]: Turnus Herdonius d’Aricie, cf. 6, 13, 8; 6, 17, 7; pastor ab Amphryso, Virg. G. 3, 2: le berger Amphrysien [du fleuve Amphrysus] II de la maison de, [en parl. d’un esclave] Plaut. Ps. 616; Mil. 160; Curc. 407; Ter. And. 756; d) [étymologie] mater autem est a gerendis fructibus Ceres tamquam "Geres", Cic. Nat. 2, 67: quant à sa mère, son nom, Cérès, qui est comme Gérès, vient de gerere fructus, porter, produire les fruits, cf. 2, 64; 68; 2, 111; Leg. 2, 55; Varr. R. 1, 46; 2, 4, 17; 3, 12, 6, etc.; L. 5, 20; 5, 66 II maerere a marcere, Varr. L. 6, 50: maerere, s’affliger, vient de marcere, être affaissé; aures ab aveo, Varr. L. 6, 83: le mot aures, oreilles, vient de aveo, désirer [ABCR]II [mots grecs au datif ] L. 5, 103, etc. [zapst]¶4 [avec dare, possidere, promittere]: aliquid ab aliquo, donner, posséder, promettre qqch en le tenant de qqn, provenant de qqn, cf. Plaut. Cap. 449; Ps. 735; Cic. Flac. 44; Verr. 3, 177; a me argentum dedi, Plaut. Trin. 182: j’ai donné l’argent de ma poche, cf. 1144; Men. 545; aliquid a me promisi, Cic. de Or. 1, 111: j’ai promis qqch de mon fonds, cf. Pis. 84; Lucr. 4, 468; Suet. Caes. 84 II Antoni edictum legi a Bruto, Cic. Att. 16, 7, 7: l’édit d’Antoine, je l’ai lu de Brutus, le tenant de Brutus. [ABCR]II [éloignement, séparation, au pr. et fig.] de, loin de: [zapst]¶1 v. les verbes: dimittere, renvoyer de (loin de); excludere, deterrere, chasser de, détourner de, etc.; abhorrere, distare, differre, être éloigné de, différer de, etc.; de turba et a subselliis in otium se conferre, Cic. de Or, 2, 143: se retirer du milieu de la foule et loin des bancs du tribunal pour prendre du repos; ab oppido castra movere, Caes. BC. 3, 80, 7: en levant le camp s’éloigner de la ville; v. solvo, fugo, ejicio, aufero, etc. II [sans aucun verbe] a Chrysippo pedem numquam, Cic. Ac. 2, 143: de Chrysippe il ne s’éloigne jamais d’une semelle, cf. Att. 7, 3, 11; Fam. 7, 25, 2; nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, Cic. Tusc. 5, 92: pour le moment, dit-il, écarte-toi un tant soit peu de mon soleil II [nuances] unde dejecti Galli? a Capitolio? unde, qui cum Graccho fuerunt? ex Capitolio, Cic. Caec. 88: d’où furent rejetés les Gaulois? de l’accès au Capitole: d’où les partisans de Gracchus? du Capitole, cf. 86 [zapst]¶2 avec les verbes defendere, tueri, munire, tegere, prohibere, arcere, etc. défendre, protéger, garantir contre, écarter de II stabula a ventis hiberno opponere soli, Virg. G. 3, 302: placer l’écurie à l’abri des vents [en face de] exposée au soleil d’hiver. [zapst]¶3 [expression] ab re, contrairement à l’intérêt: Plaut. Cap. 338; As. 224; Trin. 239; haud ab re duxi referre, Liv. 8, 11, 1: j’ai cru qu’il n’était pas inopportun de rapporter. [ABCR]III du côté de [zapst]¶1 [sens local] a tergo, a latere, a fronte, de dos, de franc, de front [de face]: a decumana porta, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 1: du côté de la porte décumane; ab ea parte, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 2: de ce côté; ab terra ingens labor succedentibus erat, Liv. 26, 46, 1: du côté de la terre, il y avait d’énormes difficultés pour les assaillants, cf. Sall. J. 17, 4; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21; surgens a puppi ventus, Virg. En. 5, 777: le vent s’élevant en poupe II ab Opis, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 17 [s.-ent. aede]: du côté du temple d’Ops (comp. ad Castoris), cf. Liv. 10, 47, 4 II Magnetes ab Sipylo, Cic. Q. 2, 9, 2: les Magnésiens qui habitent près du mont Sipyle, les Magnésiens du mont Sipyle, cf. Tac. An. 2, 47. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ, point d’attache]: stipites ab infimo revincti, Caes. BG. 7, 73, 3: troncs solidement attachés à la partie inférieure, par la base; cornua ab labris argento circumcludere, Caes. BG. 6, 28, 6: entourer d'argent les cornes sur les bords de la partie évasée. [zapst]¶3 [fig.] du côté de, du parti de, en faveur de: abs te stat, Plaut. Rud. 1100: il se tient de ton bord, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 4; Br. 273; ab reo dicere, Cic. Clu. 93: parler en faveur de l'accusé; vide ne hoc totum sit a me, Cic. de Or. 1, 55: prends garde que cela ne soit tout en ma faveur; a petitore, a possessore agere, Plin. Ep. 6, 2, 2: plaider pour le compte du demandeur, du défendeur. [zapst]¶4 du côté de, sous le rapport de: a materno genere, Cic. Sull. 25: du côté maternel, par sa mère, cf. Ov. M. 2, 368; a re frumentaria laborare, Caes. BC. 3, 9, 5: souffrir de l'approvisionnement en blé; a mitilibus, a pecunia imparati, Cic. Att. 7, 15, 3: pris au dépourvu sous le rapport des troupes, de l'argent; ab exemplis copiose aliquid explicare, Cic. Br. 198: développer qqch avec une grande richesse d'exemples; tempus mutum a litteris, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1: époque silencieuse sous le rapport des lettres [où l'on n'écrit point]; eorum impunitas fuit a judicio, a sermone, Cic. Post. 27: ils ont agi impunément au regard de la justice, au regard de l'opinion publique; mons vastus ab natura et humano cultu, Sall. J. 48, 3: montagne désolée sous le rapport de la nature du sol et de sa culture par l'homme [stérile et inculte]; ab omni parte, Hor. O. 2, 16, 27: sous tous les rapports. [zapst]¶5 servus a pedibus meis, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1 [mss]: esclave qui me sert du point de vue de mes pieds [qui fait mes courses] II [puis ab suivi du nom de l'objet confié à la garde, à la surveillance] servus ab argento, a frumento, a veste, a vinis, esclave préposé à l'argenterie, à l'approvisionnement, à la garde-robe, aux vins; a bibliotheca, bibliothécaire; a valetudinario, infirmier; liberti ab epistulis et libellis et rationibus, Tac. An. 15, 35: affranchis chefs du secrétariat, maîtres des requêtes, chefs de la comptabilité; libertus et a memoria ejus, Suet. Aug. 79: son affranchi en même temps que son historiographe; novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, Suet. Tib. 42: il créa une nouvelle charge, l'intendance des plaisirs. [ABCR]IV à partir de: [zapst]¶1 de, à partir de, depuis: a porta Esquilina video... Cic. de Or. 2, 276: de la porte Esquiline je vois..., cf. Caes. BG. 2, 24, 2; ut erat a Gergovia despectus in castra, Caes. BG. 7, 45, 4: étant donné que de Gergovie la vue plongeait dans le camp; a vestibulo curiae, Liv. 1, 48, 1: dès le vestibule de la curie; gemere ab ulmo, Virg. B. 1, 58: gémir au sommet de l'orme; ab equo oppugnare, Prop. 3, 11, 13: assaillir à cheval; contra sensus ab sensibus repugnat, Lucr. 1, 693: il va à l'encontre des sens en s'appuyant sur les sens; ab summo, Caes. BG. 2, 18, 1: à partir du sommet, cf. 7, 73, 6; a medio ad summum, Cic. Tim. 20: du centre aux extrémités; da ab Delphio cantharum circum, Plaut. Most. 347: fais circuler la coupe en commençant par Delphium, cf. As. 891; orae maritimae praesum a Formiis, Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 5: je commande le littoral à partir de Formies; ab eo loco, Fam. 7, 25, 2: à partir de ce passage, de ces mots... [zapst]¶2 [évaluation d'une distance]: septumas esse aedes a porta, Plaut. Ps. 597: [il m'a dit] que c'était la septième maison à partir de la porte, cf. Varr. R. 3, 2, 14; Caes. BG. 2, 7, 3; 4, 22, 4; 5, 32, 1; quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, Caes. BG. 2, 20, 3: (ils se moquaient) de la construction à une si grande distance d'une si grande machine; v. longe, prope, procul avec ab; ultima stella a caelo, Cic. Rep. 6, 16: étoile la plus éloignée du firmament II [limites d'un espace] ab... ad, depuis... jusqu'à: Caes. BG. l, 1, 7; Liv. 1, 2, 5, ab imo ad summum totus moduli bipedalis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 308: de la base au sommet haut en tout de deux pieds; a Vestae ad Tabulam Valeriam, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2: du temple de Vesta à la Table Valérienne. [zapst]¶3 à partir de = y compris, avec: teneram ab radice ferens cupressum, Virg. G. 1, 20: portant un tendre cyprès avec ses racines; ab radicibus imis, Virg. G. 1, 319: [épis arrachés] avec toutes leurs racines. [ABCR]V [point de départ d'un jugement, d'une opinion, etc.] [zapst]¶1 d'après: aliquid ab aliqua re cognoscere, Caes. BG 1, 22, 2: reconnaître qqch d'après tel détail; a certo sensu et vero judicare de aliquo, Br. d. Fam. 11, 10, 1: juger qqn avec un sentiment sûr et vrai; ab annis spectare, Virg. En. 9, 235: considérer d'après l'âge; populum ab annis digerere, Ov. F. 6, 83: partager l'ensemble des citoyens d'après l'âge, cf. M. 14, 323; Tr. 4, 6, 39; Ep. 2, 86 II ab arte inexperta, Tib. 2, 1, 56: avec un art inexpérimenté, cf. 1, 5, 4; Ov. Tr. 2, 462. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ d'un sentiment], d'après, par suite de, du fait de: v. metuere, timere ab aliquo, craindre du fait de qqn, cf. Cic. Amer. 8; Fam. 5, 6, 2; Sul. 59; Phil. 7, 2; Liv.22, 36, 1; 24, 38, 9; v. sperare ab aliquo Cic. Off. 1, 49; Phil. 12, 26; Pis. 12; Liv. 21, 13, 3; metus omnis a vi atque ira deorum pulsus esset, Cic. Nat. 1, 45: toute crainte de la puissance et de la colère des dieux serait chassée, cf. Liv. 23, 15, 7; 23, 36, 1; 25, 33, 5, etc. [ABCR]VI à partir de [temps], depuis [zapst]¶1 a primo, a principio, dès le début; a principiis, dès les débuts; ab initio, dès le commencement; a puero, a pueritia, dès l'enfance; ab ineunte adulescentia, dès le commencement de la jeunesse II [à la prépos. se joignent souvent inde, jam, jam inde, statim, protinus] II longo spatio temporis a Dyrrachinis prœliis intermisso, Caes. BC. 3, 84, 1: un long intervalle de temps s'étant écoulé depuis les combats de Dyrrachium; ab hoc tempore anno sescentesimo rex erat, Cic. Rep. 1, 58: il était roi il y a six cents ans à compter de notre époque, cf. CM 19; ponite ante oculos unum quemque veterum; voltis a Romulo? voltis post liberam civitatem ab iis ipsis qui liberaverunt? Cic. Par. 11: évoquez la vie de chacun des anciens; voulez-vous remonter à Romulus? voulez-vous remonter, après la fondation de la liberté, à ceux précisément qui l'ont fondée? lex a sexagesimo anno senatorem non citat, Sen. Brev. 20, 4: la loi ne convoque pas le sénateur après soixante ans aux séances. [zapst]¶2 [noms de pers.] jam inde a Pontiano, Cic. Att. 12, 44, 2: depuis Pontianus [l'affaire de Pontianus]; exspecto te, a Peducaeo utique, Cic. Att. 12, 51, 1: je t'attends, en tout cas sans faute après Péducaeus [après l'affaire réglée avec Péducaeus] [zapst]¶3 [évaluation d'un laps de temps]: ab... ad (usque ad), depuis... jusqu'à: Cic. Br. 328; de Or. 2, 52; Caes. BG. 1, 26, 2; Liv. 26, 25, 11, etc. II [évaluation d'une durée, d'un rang chronologique] annus primus ab honorum perfunctione, Cic. de Or. 3, 7: la première année après l'achèvement des magistratures; quartus ab Arcesilao fuit, Cic. Ac. 1, 46: il fut le quatrième en partant d'Arcésilas; secundus a Romulo conditor urbis, Liv. 7, 1, 10: le second fondateur de Rome après Romulus, cf. 1, 17, 10; Hor. S. 2, 3, 193; Virg. B. 5, 49. [zapst]¶4 après, aussitôt après, au sortir de: ab re divina, Plaut. Pœn. 618: après le sacrifice; ab decimae legionis cohortatione profectus, Caes. BG. 2, 25, 1: étant parti, immédiatement après avoir harangué la dixième légion; a tuo digressu, Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4: après ton départ; ab ea [auctione] Cic. Att. 13, 30, 1: aussitôt après [la vente]; ab ipso cibo, Sen. Contr. 1, praef. 17: aussitôt après avoir mangé. [ABCR]VII du fait de, par l'effet de [zapst]¶1 [cause efficiente, surtout avec les inchoatifs]: calescere ab, Cic. Nat. 2, 138: se réchauffer grâce à; mitescere a sole, Cic. frg. F. 1, 17: s'adoucir sous l'action du soleil, cf. Varr. L. 5, 109; 7, 83; Ov. M. 1, 66; F. 5, 323 II qua mare a sole conlucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105: sur toute l'étendue où la mer brille par l'effet du soleil, cf. Nat. 2, 92; zona torrida semper ab igni, Virg. G. 1, 234: zone toujours brûlante par suite du feu; lassus ab, Hor. S. 2, 2, 10: fatigué du fait de; a vento unda tumet, Ov. F. 2, 776: le vent fait gonfler l'onde, cf. 1, 215. [zapst]¶2 par suite de, par un effet de, en raison de [avec un nom de sentiment]: scio me ab singulari amore ac benevolentia, quaecumque scriba, tibi scribere, Balb. Fam. 9, 7 B, 3: je sais que c'est un attachement, un dévouement sans égal qui me font t'écrire tout ce que je t'écris; ab ira, Liv. 24, 30, 1: par l'effet de la colère; ab odio plebis an ab servili fraude, Liv. 3, 15, 7: par suite de la haine du peuple ou de la perfidie des esclaves; [constr. très fréq. d. Liv. cf. 5, 5, 3; 9, 40, 17; 10, 5, 2; 27, 17, 5; 28, 7, 9; 36, 24, 7; etc.]; a duabus causis punire princeps solet, Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 1: deux raisons d'ordinaire amènent le prince à punir; ab hoc, Varr. R. 2, 3, 7: par suite de cela, en raison de cela, cf. 2, 7, 6 II gravis ab, Ov. H. 10, 138: alourdi par; a somno languida, Ov. H, 10, 9: alanguie par le sommeil; dives ab, Ov. H. 9, 96: enrichi par. [ABCR]VIII [après les verbes passifs] [zapst]¶1 [avec un nom de pers. pour marquer le sujet logique de l'action; constr. courante] [zapst]¶2 [avec des noms de choses considérées comme des pers.]: a civitatibus, Cic. Verr. 3, 176: par les villes; a classe, Verr. 5, 63: par la flotte; a re publica, Cic. Mur. 7: par l'état; a legibus, Cic. Mil. 9: par les lois; a natura, Cic. Phil. 14, 32: par la nature; a studiis adulescentium, Cic. de Or. 3, 207: par le zèle des jeunes gens; a ventis invidiae, Cic. Verr. 3, 98: par les vents de la malveillance; a more majorum, Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 1: par la coutume des ancêtres; a vero, a falso, Cic. Ac. 2, 71: par le vrai, par le faux; defici a viribus, Caes. BC. 3, 64, 3: être abandonné par ses forces. [zapst]¶3 [après l'adj. verbal] Cic. de Or. 2, 86; Pomp. 34; etc. [zapst]¶4 [différent de per]: aliquid a suis vel per suos potius iniquos ad te esse delatum, Cic. ad Br. 1, 1, 1: [il m'a paru soupçonner] que ses ennemis t'ont rapporté ou plutôt t'ont fait rapporter quelque histoire; qui a te defensi et qui per te servati sunt, Cic. Pet. 38: ceux que tu as défendus et ceux que ton entremise a sauvés. [zapst]¶5 [avec des intr. équivalant pour le sens à des passifs] a paucis interire, Cic. Off. 2, 26: périr sous les coups de quelques hommes, cf. Lucr. 6, 709; mori ab, Cic. Fam 15,17, 2; Sen. Contr. 5. 3; perire ab, Nep. Reg. 3, 3; Ov. P, 3, 3, 46; cadere ab, Tac. An. 16, 9; vapulare ab, Sen. Contr. 9, 4, 2; Sen. Apoc. 15; Quint. 9, 2, 12. Q. [zapst]¶1 abs est rare; se trouve devant t, surtout dans l'expr. abs te II aps Inscr. et divers mss. de Plaut. et des lettres de Cic. II af, signalé par Cic. Or. 158, se lit dans des Inscr. [zapst]¶2 d'après les gram. anciens a se place devant les consonnes, ab devant les voyelles et devant h; mais ni les mss. ni les Inscr. ne vérifient cette règle. [zapst]¶3 qqf a, ab se trouvent après le relatif (quo ab): Plaut. As. 119; Rud. 555 II chez les poètes et chez Tacite, rarement ailleurs, entre le subst. et son déterminatif [adjectif, génitif, ou nom propre apposé]: judice ab uno Tac. An. 2, 60, par un seul juge; initio ab Suriae An. 4, 5, depuis les frontières de la Syrie; oppido a Canopo Tac. An 2, 60, à partir de la ville de Canope; uxore ab Octavia abhorrebat, Tac. An. 13, 12: il se détournait de son épouse Octavie II chez Ovide, séparé par ipse du complément: H. 9, 96; 12, 18; Pont. 3, 3, 46, etc. II quand il y a deux compléments liés par une copule, placé devant le second: Plaut. As. 163; Prop. 4, 3, 39; Ov. H. 6, 108, etc. [zapst]¶4 en composition, a devant m, v, (amovere, avertere); abs devant c, p, t (abscondere, abstinere, asportare = absportare); au devant f (auferre, aufugere), sauf afui parf. de absum; ab devant les autres consonnes, sauf aspernari au lieu de abspernari.
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a, f., n., indécl., [première lettre de l’alphabet] Cic. Div. 1, 23 II abréviations diverses: A. = Aulus [prénom] II = antiquo, je rejette [la proposition sur les bulletins de vote dans les comices] II = absolvo, j’absous [sur les bulletins des juges] ; [d’où l’appellation] littera salutaris Cic. Mil. 15 II A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae ; a. u. c. = ab urbe condita ; a. d. VIII Kal. Nov. = ante diem octavum Kalendas Novembres II [dans les inscr.] A. = Augustus ; A.A. = Augusti duo ; A.A.A. = Augusti tres ; III viri A.A.A.F.F. = triumviri auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo. ā, ou āh, interj., v. ah. ā, ăb, abs, prép. avec abl. (ἀπό). [ABCR]I [point de départ] [zapst]¶1 [avec des v. de mouvement, tr. ou int., simples ou composés] de: a) a signo Vortumni in Circum Maximum venire Cic. Verr. 1, 154: venir de la statue de Vertumne au Cirque Maxime, v. proficiscor, discedo, arcesso, etc ; b) [avec noms de pers.] de chez, d’auprès: a Caesare redire, Cic. Q. 2, 4, 6: revenir de chez César ; c) [sans verbe] non ille Serranus ab aratro, Cic. Sest. 72: non pas le fameux Serranus venu de sa charrue; quid tu, inquit, huc? a villa enim, credo, Cic. Fin. 3, 8: eh! dit-il, pourquoi toi ici? c’est de ta maison de campagne que tu viens, sans doute; d) [en parl de lettres] de la part de: litterae adlatae ab L. Porcio praetore, Liv. 26, 39, 1: une lettre apportée de la part du préteur L. Porcius, cf. Cic. Att. 7, 15, 5 ; 1, 15, 2; e) [avec adesse, marquant résultat du mouvement] adest a milite, Plaut. Ps. 924: il est là venant de la part du militaire, cf. Mil. 958, 1046; Ter. And. 268; Virg. En. 7, 454; dona adsunt tibi a Phaedria, Ter. Eun. 465: il y a là pour toi des présents de la part de Phaedria. f) [avec les noms de ville] de = des environs de [et non pas de l’intérieur de]: Cic., Caes. [zapst]¶2 [pour marquer la provenance] petere, postulare, quaerere, demander à; impetrare, obtenir de; accipere, recevoir de; habere, tenir de, etc.; emere, acheter à; sumere, haurire, prendre à, puiser à; trahere, tirer de; ducere, faire venir de, etc.; discere, audire, apprendre de, entendre de, etc. [zapst]¶3 [idée d’origine] a) oriri, prendre naissance à; fluere, découler de; nasci, naître de; proficisci, partir de, provenir de; ea sunt omnia non a natura, verum a magistro, Cic. Mur. 61: ces imperfections proviennent toutes non pas de la nature, mais du maître, cf. Har. 39; Fin. 1, 21; Off. 2, 69; sed haec et vetera et a Graecis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 74: mais tout cela c'est ancien et aussi tiré de l’histoire grecque, cf. Fam. 3, 13, 1; 5, 3, 1; 9, 16, 7; Par. 11; Sest. 122; b) [idée de naissance, de descendance] a Deucalione ortus, Tusc. 1, 21: né de Deucalion; a M. Tullio esse, Cic. Br. 62: descendre de M. Tullius II [filiation philosophique, littéraire, etc.] ab his oratores exstiterunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 7: d’eux (Péripatéticiens) sortirent des orateurs; erat ab isto Aristotele, Cic. de Or. 2, 160: il était de l’école de votre Aristote, cf. Or. 113; Mur. 63; c) Turnus Herdonius ab Aricia, Liv. l, 50, 3 [= Aricinus]: Turnus Herdonius d’Aricie, cf. 6, 13, 8; 6, 17, 7; pastor ab Amphryso, Virg. G. 3, 2: le berger Amphrysien [du fleuve Amphrysus] II de la maison de, [en parl. d’un esclave] Plaut. Ps. 616; Mil. 160; Curc. 407; Ter. And. 756; d) [étymologie] mater autem est a gerendis fructibus Ceres tamquam "Geres", Cic. Nat. 2, 67: quant à sa mère, son nom, Cérès, qui est comme Gérès, vient de gerere fructus, porter, produire les fruits, cf. 2, 64; 68; 2, 111; Leg. 2, 55; Varr. R. 1, 46; 2, 4, 17; 3, 12, 6, etc.; L. 5, 20; 5, 66 II maerere a marcere, Varr. L. 6, 50: maerere, s’affliger, vient de marcere, être affaissé; aures ab aveo, Varr. L. 6, 83: le mot aures, oreilles, vient de aveo, désirer [ABCR]II [mots grecs au datif ] L. 5, 103, etc. [zapst]¶4 [avec dare, possidere, promittere]: aliquid ab aliquo, donner, posséder, promettre qqch en le tenant de qqn, provenant de qqn, cf. Plaut. Cap. 449; Ps. 735; Cic. Flac. 44; Verr. 3, 177; a me argentum dedi, Plaut. Trin. 182: j’ai donné l’argent de ma poche, cf. 1144; Men. 545; aliquid a me promisi, Cic. de Or. 1, 111: j’ai promis qqch de mon fonds, cf. Pis. 84; Lucr. 4, 468; Suet. Caes. 84 II Antoni edictum legi a Bruto, Cic. Att. 16, 7, 7: l’édit d’Antoine, je l’ai lu de Brutus, le tenant de Brutus. [ABCR]II [éloignement, séparation, au pr. et fig.] de, loin de: [zapst]¶1 v. les verbes: dimittere, renvoyer de (loin de); excludere, deterrere, chasser de, détourner de, etc.; abhorrere, distare, differre, être éloigné de, différer de, etc.; de turba et a subselliis in otium se conferre, Cic. de Or, 2, 143: se retirer du milieu de la foule et loin des bancs du tribunal pour prendre du repos; ab oppido castra movere, Caes. BC. 3, 80, 7: en levant le camp s’éloigner de la ville; v. solvo, fugo, ejicio, aufero, etc. II [sans aucun verbe] a Chrysippo pedem numquam, Cic. Ac. 2, 143: de Chrysippe il ne s’éloigne jamais d’une semelle, cf. Att. 7, 3, 11; Fam. 7, 25, 2; nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, Cic. Tusc. 5, 92: pour le moment, dit-il, écarte-toi un tant soit peu de mon soleil II [nuances] unde dejecti Galli? a Capitolio? unde, qui cum Graccho fuerunt? ex Capitolio, Cic. Caec. 88: d’où furent rejetés les Gaulois? de l’accès au Capitole: d’où les partisans de Gracchus? du Capitole, cf. 86 [zapst]¶2 avec les verbes defendere, tueri, munire, tegere, prohibere, arcere, etc. défendre, protéger, garantir contre, écarter de II stabula a ventis hiberno opponere soli, Virg. G. 3, 302: placer l’écurie à l’abri des vents [en face de] exposée au soleil d’hiver. [zapst]¶3 [expression] ab re, contrairement à l’intérêt: Plaut. Cap. 338; As. 224; Trin. 239; haud ab re duxi referre, Liv. 8, 11, 1: j’ai cru qu’il n’était pas inopportun de rapporter. [ABCR]III du côté de [zapst]¶1 [sens local] a tergo, a latere, a fronte, de dos, de franc, de front [de face]: a decumana porta, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 1: du côté de la porte décumane; ab ea parte, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 2: de ce côté; ab terra ingens labor succedentibus erat, Liv. 26, 46, 1: du côté de la terre, il y avait d’énormes difficultés pour les assaillants, cf. Sall. J. 17, 4; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21; surgens a puppi ventus, Virg. En. 5, 777: le vent s’élevant en poupe II ab Opis, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 17 [s.-ent. aede]: du côté du temple d’Ops (comp. ad Castoris), cf. Liv. 10, 47, 4 II Magnetes ab Sipylo, Cic. Q. 2, 9, 2: les Magnésiens qui habitent près du mont Sipyle, les Magnésiens du mont Sipyle, cf. Tac. An. 2, 47. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ, point d’attache]: stipites ab infimo revincti, Caes. BG. 7, 73, 3: troncs solidement attachés à la partie inférieure, par la base; cornua ab labris argento circumcludere, Caes. BG. 6, 28, 6: entourer d'argent les cornes sur les bords de la partie évasée. [zapst]¶3 [fig.] du côté de, du parti de, en faveur de: abs te stat, Plaut. Rud. 1100: il se tient de ton bord, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 4; Br. 273; ab reo dicere, Cic. Clu. 93: parler en faveur de l'accusé; vide ne hoc totum sit a me, Cic. de Or. 1, 55: prends garde que cela ne soit tout en ma faveur; a petitore, a possessore agere, Plin. Ep. 6, 2, 2: plaider pour le compte du demandeur, du défendeur. [zapst]¶4 du côté de, sous le rapport de: a materno genere, Cic. Sull. 25: du côté maternel, par sa mère, cf. Ov. M. 2, 368; a re frumentaria laborare, Caes. BC. 3, 9, 5: souffrir de l'approvisionnement en blé; a mitilibus, a pecunia imparati, Cic. Att. 7, 15, 3: pris au dépourvu sous le rapport des troupes, de l'argent; ab exemplis copiose aliquid explicare, Cic. Br. 198: développer qqch avec une grande richesse d'exemples; tempus mutum a litteris, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1: époque silencieuse sous le rapport des lettres [où l'on n'écrit point]; eorum impunitas fuit a judicio, a sermone, Cic. Post. 27: ils ont agi impunément au regard de la justice, au regard de l'opinion publique; mons vastus ab natura et humano cultu, Sall. J. 48, 3: montagne désolée sous le rapport de la nature du sol et de sa culture par l'homme [stérile et inculte]; ab omni parte, Hor. O. 2, 16, 27: sous tous les rapports. [zapst]¶5 servus a pedibus meis, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1 [mss]: esclave qui me sert du point de vue de mes pieds [qui fait mes courses] II [puis ab suivi du nom de l'objet confié à la garde, à la surveillance] servus ab argento, a frumento, a veste, a vinis, esclave préposé à l'argenterie, à l'approvisionnement, à la garde-robe, aux vins; a bibliotheca, bibliothécaire; a valetudinario, infirmier; liberti ab epistulis et libellis et rationibus, Tac. An. 15, 35: affranchis chefs du secrétariat, maîtres des requêtes, chefs de la comptabilité; libertus et a memoria ejus, Suet. Aug. 79: son affranchi en même temps que son historiographe; novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, Suet. Tib. 42: il créa une nouvelle charge, l'intendance des plaisirs. [ABCR]IV à partir de: [zapst]¶1 de, à partir de, depuis: a porta Esquilina video... Cic. de Or. 2, 276: de la porte Esquiline je vois..., cf. Caes. BG. 2, 24, 2; ut erat a Gergovia despectus in castra, Caes. BG. 7, 45, 4: étant donné que de Gergovie la vue plongeait dans le camp; a vestibulo curiae, Liv. 1, 48, 1: dès le vestibule de la curie; gemere ab ulmo, Virg. B. 1, 58: gémir au sommet de l'orme; ab equo oppugnare, Prop. 3, 11, 13: assaillir à cheval; contra sensus ab sensibus repugnat, Lucr. 1, 693: il va à l'encontre des sens en s'appuyant sur les sens; ab summo, Caes. BG. 2, 18, 1: à partir du sommet, cf. 7, 73, 6; a medio ad summum, Cic. Tim. 20: du centre aux extrémités; da ab Delphio cantharum circum, Plaut. Most. 347: fais circuler la coupe en commençant par Delphium, cf. As. 891; orae maritimae praesum a Formiis, Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 5: je commande le littoral à partir de Formies; ab eo loco, Fam. 7, 25, 2: à partir de ce passage, de ces mots... [zapst]¶2 [évaluation d'une distance]: septumas esse aedes a porta, Plaut. Ps. 597: [il m'a dit] que c'était la septième maison à partir de la porte, cf. Varr. R. 3, 2, 14; Caes. BG. 2, 7, 3; 4, 22, 4; 5, 32, 1; quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, Caes. BG. 2, 20, 3: (ils se moquaient) de la construction à une si grande distance d'une si grande machine; v. longe, prope, procul avec ab; ultima stella a caelo, Cic. Rep. 6, 16: étoile la plus éloignée du firmament II [limites d'un espace] ab... ad, depuis... jusqu'à: Caes. BG. l, 1, 7; Liv. 1, 2, 5, ab imo ad summum totus moduli bipedalis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 308: de la base au sommet haut en tout de deux pieds; a Vestae ad Tabulam Valeriam, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2: du temple de Vesta à la Table Valérienne. [zapst]¶3 à partir de = y compris, avec: teneram ab radice ferens cupressum, Virg. G. 1, 20: portant un tendre cyprès avec ses racines; ab radicibus imis, Virg. G. 1, 319: [épis arrachés] avec toutes leurs racines. [ABCR]V [point de départ d'un jugement, d'une opinion, etc.] [zapst]¶1 d'après: aliquid ab aliqua re cognoscere, Caes. BG 1, 22, 2: reconnaître qqch d'après tel détail; a certo sensu et vero judicare de aliquo, Br. d. Fam. 11, 10, 1: juger qqn avec un sentiment sûr et vrai; ab annis spectare, Virg. En. 9, 235: considérer d'après l'âge; populum ab annis digerere, Ov. F. 6, 83: partager l'ensemble des citoyens d'après l'âge, cf. M. 14, 323; Tr. 4, 6, 39; Ep. 2, 86 II ab arte inexperta, Tib. 2, 1, 56: avec un art inexpérimenté, cf. 1, 5, 4; Ov. Tr. 2, 462. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ d'un sentiment], d'après, par suite de, du fait de: v. metuere, timere ab aliquo, craindre du fait de qqn, cf. Cic. Amer. 8; Fam. 5, 6, 2; Sul. 59; Phil. 7, 2; Liv.22, 36, 1; 24, 38, 9; v. sperare ab aliquo Cic. Off. 1, 49; Phil. 12, 26; Pis. 12; Liv. 21, 13, 3; metus omnis a vi atque ira deorum pulsus esset, Cic. Nat. 1, 45: toute crainte de la puissance et de la colère des dieux serait chassée, cf. Liv. 23, 15, 7; 23, 36, 1; 25, 33, 5, etc. [ABCR]VI à partir de [temps], depuis [zapst]¶1 a primo, a principio, dès le début; a principiis, dès les débuts; ab initio, dès le commencement; a puero, a pueritia, dès l'enfance; ab ineunte adulescentia, dès le commencement de la jeunesse II [à la prépos. se joignent souvent inde, jam, jam inde, statim, protinus] II longo spatio temporis a Dyrrachinis prœliis intermisso, Caes. BC. 3, 84, 1: un long intervalle de temps s'étant écoulé depuis les combats de Dyrrachium; ab hoc tempore anno sescentesimo rex erat, Cic. Rep. 1, 58: il était roi il y a six cents ans à compter de notre époque, cf. CM 19; ponite ante oculos unum quemque veterum; voltis a Romulo? voltis post liberam civitatem ab iis ipsis qui liberaverunt? Cic. Par. 11: évoquez la vie de chacun des anciens; voulez-vous remonter à Romulus? voulez-vous remonter, après la fondation de la liberté, à ceux précisément qui l'ont fondée? lex a sexagesimo anno senatorem non citat, Sen. Brev. 20, 4: la loi ne convoque pas le sénateur après soixante ans aux séances. [zapst]¶2 [noms de pers.] jam inde a Pontiano, Cic. Att. 12, 44, 2: depuis Pontianus [l'affaire de Pontianus]; exspecto te, a Peducaeo utique, Cic. Att. 12, 51, 1: je t'attends, en tout cas sans faute après Péducaeus [après l'affaire réglée avec Péducaeus] [zapst]¶3 [évaluation d'un laps de temps]: ab... ad (usque ad), depuis... jusqu'à: Cic. Br. 328; de Or. 2, 52; Caes. BG. 1, 26, 2; Liv. 26, 25, 11, etc. II [évaluation d'une durée, d'un rang chronologique] annus primus ab honorum perfunctione, Cic. de Or. 3, 7: la première année après l'achèvement des magistratures; quartus ab Arcesilao fuit, Cic. Ac. 1, 46: il fut le quatrième en partant d'Arcésilas; secundus a Romulo conditor urbis, Liv. 7, 1, 10: le second fondateur de Rome après Romulus, cf. 1, 17, 10; Hor. S. 2, 3, 193; Virg. B. 5, 49. [zapst]¶4 après, aussitôt après, au sortir de: ab re divina, Plaut. Pœn. 618: après le sacrifice; ab decimae legionis cohortatione profectus, Caes. BG. 2, 25, 1: étant parti, immédiatement après avoir harangué la dixième légion; a tuo digressu, Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4: après ton départ; ab ea [auctione] Cic. Att. 13, 30, 1: aussitôt après [la vente]; ab ipso cibo, Sen. Contr. 1, praef. 17: aussitôt après avoir mangé. [ABCR]VII du fait de, par l'effet de [zapst]¶1 [cause efficiente, surtout avec les inchoatifs]: calescere ab, Cic. Nat. 2, 138: se réchauffer grâce à; mitescere a sole, Cic. frg. F. 1, 17: s'adoucir sous l'action du soleil, cf. Varr. L. 5, 109; 7, 83; Ov. M. 1, 66; F. 5, 323 II qua mare a sole conlucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105: sur toute l'étendue où la mer brille par l'effet du soleil, cf. Nat. 2, 92; zona torrida semper ab igni, Virg. G. 1, 234: zone toujours brûlante par suite du feu; lassus ab, Hor. S. 2, 2, 10: fatigué du fait de; a vento unda tumet, Ov. F. 2, 776: le vent fait gonfler l'onde, cf. 1, 215. [zapst]¶2 par suite de, par un effet de, en raison de [avec un nom de sentiment]: scio me ab singulari amore ac benevolentia, quaecumque scriba, tibi scribere, Balb. Fam. 9, 7 B, 3: je sais que c'est un attachement, un dévouement sans égal qui me font t'écrire tout ce que je t'écris; ab ira, Liv. 24, 30, 1: par l'effet de la colère; ab odio plebis an ab servili fraude, Liv. 3, 15, 7: par suite de la haine du peuple ou de la perfidie des esclaves; [constr. très fréq. d. Liv. cf. 5, 5, 3; 9, 40, 17; 10, 5, 2; 27, 17, 5; 28, 7, 9; 36, 24, 7; etc.]; a duabus causis punire princeps solet, Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 1: deux raisons d'ordinaire amènent le prince à punir; ab hoc, Varr. R. 2, 3, 7: par suite de cela, en raison de cela, cf. 2, 7, 6 II gravis ab, Ov. H. 10, 138: alourdi par; a somno languida, Ov. H, 10, 9: alanguie par le sommeil; dives ab, Ov. H. 9, 96: enrichi par. [ABCR]VIII [après les verbes passifs] [zapst]¶1 [avec un nom de pers. pour marquer le sujet logique de l'action; constr. courante] [zapst]¶2 [avec des noms de choses considérées comme des pers.]: a civitatibus, Cic. Verr. 3, 176: par les villes; a classe, Verr. 5, 63: par la flotte; a re publica, Cic. Mur. 7: par l'état; a legibus, Cic. Mil. 9: par les lois; a natura, Cic. Phil. 14, 32: par la nature; a studiis adulescentium, Cic. de Or. 3, 207: par le zèle des jeunes gens; a ventis invidiae, Cic. Verr. 3, 98: par les vents de la malveillance; a more majorum, Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 1: par la coutume des ancêtres; a vero, a falso, Cic. Ac. 2, 71: par le vrai, par le faux; defici a viribus, Caes. BC. 3, 64, 3: être abandonné par ses forces. [zapst]¶3 [après l'adj. verbal] Cic. de Or. 2, 86; Pomp. 34; etc. [zapst]¶4 [différent de per]: aliquid a suis vel per suos potius iniquos ad te esse delatum, Cic. ad Br. 1, 1, 1: [il m'a paru soupçonner] que ses ennemis t'ont rapporté ou plutôt t'ont fait rapporter quelque histoire; qui a te defensi et qui per te servati sunt, Cic. Pet. 38: ceux que tu as défendus et ceux que ton entremise a sauvés. [zapst]¶5 [avec des intr. équivalant pour le sens à des passifs] a paucis interire, Cic. Off. 2, 26: périr sous les coups de quelques hommes, cf. Lucr. 6, 709; mori ab, Cic. Fam 15,17, 2; Sen. Contr. 5. 3; perire ab, Nep. Reg. 3, 3; Ov. P, 3, 3, 46; cadere ab, Tac. An. 16, 9; vapulare ab, Sen. Contr. 9, 4, 2; Sen. Apoc. 15; Quint. 9, 2, 12. Q. [zapst]¶1 abs est rare; se trouve devant t, surtout dans l'expr. abs te II aps Inscr. et divers mss. de Plaut. et des lettres de Cic. II af, signalé par Cic. Or. 158, se lit dans des Inscr. [zapst]¶2 d'après les gram. anciens a se place devant les consonnes, ab devant les voyelles et devant h; mais ni les mss. ni les Inscr. ne vérifient cette règle. [zapst]¶3 qqf a, ab se trouvent après le relatif (quo ab): Plaut. As. 119; Rud. 555 II chez les poètes et chez Tacite, rarement ailleurs, entre le subst. et son déterminatif [adjectif, génitif, ou nom propre apposé]: judice ab uno Tac. An. 2, 60, par un seul juge; initio ab Suriae An. 4, 5, depuis les frontières de la Syrie; oppido a Canopo Tac. An 2, 60, à partir de la ville de Canope; uxore ab Octavia abhorrebat, Tac. An. 13, 12: il se détournait de son épouse Octavie II chez Ovide, séparé par ipse du complément: H. 9, 96; 12, 18; Pont. 3, 3, 46, etc. II quand il y a deux compléments liés par une copule, placé devant le second: Plaut. As. 163; Prop. 4, 3, 39; Ov. H. 6, 108, etc. [zapst]¶4 en composition, a devant m, v, (amovere, avertere); abs devant c, p, t (abscondere, abstinere, asportare = absportare); au devant f (auferre, aufugere), sauf afui parf. de absum; ab devant les autres consonnes, sauf aspernari au lieu de abspernari.
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    A meis ciuibus ea res mihi fuit honori. id est, Ob eam rem honoribus affectus sum a ciuibus meis. Ci. Pour cela m'ont honoré les habitants de nostre ville.

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    A nobilitate igitur periculum. Subaudi, Est, Impendet, Imminet, aut aliquid simile. Cic. Il y a danger de la part ou costé de la noblesse, ou des nobles.

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    Ab aliquo perire, id est occidi. Plin. Estre tué par aucun.

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    A et Ab, motum a loco significant: vt, A villa redeo, ab agro, vel ab agris. Je retourne de la metairie, Des champs.

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    A et Ab, interdum per QVVM declarantur: seruiuntque tempori significando: vt, A paruo te noui: Hoc est, quum adhuc paruus esses. Quand tu estois encore petit enfant.

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    Ab adolescentia. Cic. Dés le commencement de ma jeunesse, Dés que je commencoye à venir en eage.

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    Ab ineunte adolescentia. Plaut. Cic. Dés le commencement de mon adolescence, ou de mon eage.

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    A cunabulis. Plaut. Dés le berceau, Dés mon enfance.

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    Ab infante duratus. Colu. Endurci dés son enfance, ou d'enfance.

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    Ab infantibus, Id est a pueritia. Cels. Dés l'enfance, D'enfance.

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    A paruis. Terent. De jeunesse, Dés qu'on estoit encore petit.

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    A primordio sui. Tacit. Depuis son commencement.

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    A principiis ita diligentior fiet puer. Quintil. Dés le commencement.

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    A pueritia. Cic. D'enfance, Dés l'enfance.

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    A tenero et a teneris. Colum. D'enfance, Dés qu'on estoit encore tendre, ou petit tendron.

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    A et Ab, finitum rei alicuius aut temporis terminum significant: et fere sequitur ad, vel vsque ad, aut aliquid idem pollens: vt, A principio ad finem. Dés, ou Depuis le commencement jusques à la fin. \ Ab auo. Terent. Dés le temps de l'ayeul.

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    Ab aurora. Plaut. Dés le poinct, ou l'aube du jour.

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    Ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie. Liu. Depuis le soleil levé.

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    A calce ad carceres. Id est, A fine ad principium. Cic. De la fin au commencement.

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    A capite vsque ad calcem. Plaut. Depuis le commencement jusques à la fin, ou Depuis le hault jusques au bas.

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    Talos a vertice pulcher ad imos. Horat. Depuis le sommet de la teste, jusques à la plante des pieds, ou jusques aux talons.

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    Ab extremo orsi. Liu. Commenceants au dernier.

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    A fundamento. Plaut. Depuis le fondement.

\

    A fundo. Virg. Depuis le fond.

\

    Ab infimo. Plaut. Depuis le fin bas.

\

    Ab humili ad summum. Cic. Du bas au plus hault.

\

    Ab illo tempore. Cic. Dés, ou Depuis ce temps là.

\

    Ab hora tertia bibebatur. Cic. Depuis trois heures.

\

    Ab imis vnguibus vsque ad verticem summum. Cic. Depuis le fin bout des ongles du pied, jusques au sommet de la teste.

\

    Ab initio. Cic. Dés, ou Depuis le commencement.

\

    A mane. Plaut. Depuis le matin.

\

    A media nocte togatus ero. Mart. Dés, ou Depuis minuict.

\

    Ab omni vetustate acceptum. Cic. De toute ancienneté.

\

    A pridie Idus Sept. Plin. Depuis le jour de devant les Ides.

\

    A prima luce. Caes. Dés le fin matin. Dés qu'il commencea à faire cler.

\

    A primo, pro A principio. Ci. Au premier, ou Du commencement.

\

    A summo. Plaut. Depuis le hault.

\

    A terra ad caelum percontari. Plaut. Depuis un bout jusques à l'autre.

\

    A vestigio ad verticem. Plin. Depuis la plante des pieds jusques au sommet de la teste.

\

    A et Ab separationem significant. Terent. Ita tum discedo ab illo. D'avec luy.

\

    A vel Ab, pro Contra: vt nonnullis placet. Virg. Defendo a frigore myrtos. Du froid, ou Contre le froid.

\

    A vel Ab, pro Praeter, siue contra. Plin. Id quod notasse, non ab re est. Il n'est pas sans propos, ou inutile. Il n'est pas impertinent.

\

    Quae ab re sunt. Choses impertinentes, et non servantes à la matiere. B.

\

    Ab re est remissior. Il est trop negligent et nonchalant de son profict. B.

\

    Ab re, Contra commodum. Plau. Ab re consulit. Contre le profict et utilité de celuy à qui il donne conseil. Il luy conseille son dommage.

\

    Ab re orare. Plau. Prier en vain, ou demander quelque chose oultre raison et sans propos.

\

    Ab re, pro Ob eam rem. Liu. Id, ab re, Interregnum appellatum. Pour ce, Pour ceste cause.

\

    Tantumne ab re tua est otii tibi, vt, etc. Cic. As tu bien tant de loisir avec tes affaires? Tes affaires te donnent ils bien tant de loisir?

\

    Non ab re. Suet. Il n'est point impertinent, ou hors de propos.

\

    Haud ab re duxi. Liu. J'ay estimé n'estre point inutile, ou sans raison.

\

    Non ab re. Non sans cause.

\

    A vel Ab, pro Post, vel statim, seu concinuo post. Pli. Dulcissimum ab hominis camelinum lac. Le laict du chameau est le plus doulx apres celuy de la femme.

\

    A ientaculo. Plaut. Apres desjuner.

\

    Cuius a morte hic tertius et tricesimus est annus. Cic. C'est cy la XXXIII. annee depuis son trespas.

\

    Vt primum a tuo digressu Romam veni. Cic. Apres.

\

    A rege secundus. Le second apres le roy.

\

    Hostium a tergo incursum vidit. Liu. Par derriere, Du costé de derriere.

\

    A Senatu stat. Cic. Il est du parti du Senat, Il tient pour le Senat, Il tient le parti du Senat.

\

    Dicere ab reo. Cic. Parler ou plaider pour le defendeur.

\

    Hoc totum est a me. Cic. Tout cela sert à mon propos. Tout cela fait pour moy.

\

    A nobis facit. Cic. Sert à nostre propos.

\

    A vel Ab, pro énéka, siue pro, Quod pertinet ad, Cic. cum a militibus, tua pecunia. Mal fourniz et pourveuz quant à gens de guerre et argent.

\

    A morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui. Plaut. Quant est de la maladie, j'en suis gueri.

\

    A me pudica est. Plaut. Quant est de moy, je vous responds de moy qu'elle est femme de bien.

\

    Narrat vt virgo a se integra etiam tum siet. Terent. Que de sa part elle est pucelle.

\

    Doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis. Plaut. Je suis malade en l'esprit, J'ay l'esprit fasché. J'ay mal aux yeuls.

\

    Otiosus ab animo. Plaut. Qui n'ha nulle fantasie en son esprit.

\

    Inops eram ab amicis. Cic. Povre d'amis.

\

    Nunquam a causis et iudiciis districtior fui. Cic. Je ne fus oncq plus empesché de procez.

\

    Ab hac parte reddemus vos securos. Planc. Ciceroni. De ce costé, quant à ce.

\

    Ab se cantat cuia sit. Plaut. D'elle mesme.

\

    Ab transenna lumbricum petit. Plaut. Parmi la fenestre, ou le guichet. Aucuns sont d'advis que le vray sens est tel, Cest oyseau cerche sa viande parmi le filé, ou le laqs, ou le piege, ou le collet qui est tendu pour le prendre.

\

    Salutem a bonis afferre. Cic. Par les bons.

\

    Ab ostio omnia isthaec audiui. Plaut. De l'huis.

\

    Ipsa protinus a via amicumsalutes. Mart. Du chemin, En passant.

\

    A foris. Plin. Par dehors.

\

    A vel Ab, pro Versus, seu quod vulgo, De parte dicimus.

\

    Quod a sole fuit. Plin. Qui avoit esté du costé du soleil, Tourné vers le soleil, Devers le soleil.

\

    Firmos omnino et duces habemus ab occidente, et exercitus. Cic. Vers la partie d'occident.

\

    A dextera. Plin. Du costé dextre. A dextre.

\

    Ictus ab latere. Liuius. Feru ou frappé par le flan.

\

    A contraria aure instillare. Plin. Par l'oreille opposite.

\

    A vento aliquid opponere. Pli. De devers le vent. Du costé du vent.

\

    A vel Ab cum ablatiuo personae, eleganter domicilium significat: vt, A iudice venio. hoc est, a domo iudicis, quod inepte dicitur, De apud. De chez vous, De vostre mesnie.

\

    Ab ea egreditur. Terent. De chez elle.

\

    A nobis domo est. De nostre maison. De chez nous.

\

    A qua a ferrario fabro. Cels. Eaue de chez ung forgeron ou mareschal. Eaue en laquelle le mareschal estainct, ou trempe son fer.

\

    A Pontio, ex Trebulano, ad quintum Idus Maii. Cic. De la maison de Pontius, Escript en la maison de Pontius, etc. C'est la fin et date des lettres.

\

    A vel Ab sequente. quoque praepositione ad, vel ipsa subaudita, plerunque vtimur, vbi ab vna re ad aliam fit transitus. Terent. Ab labore ad libidinem. Du labeur à volupté.

\

    A vel Ab nonnunquam ponitur pro Gallica praepositione Par. A potu quidam prandiumincipiunt. Plin. Par boire.

\

    A fronte et a tergo. Cic. Devant et derriere, ou par devant et par derriere.

\

    A pectore denudari. Cic. Estre descouvert par la poitrine, Avoir la poitrine descouverte.

\

    Ab exteriori parte. Cels. Par dehors.

\

    A verecundia. Liu. De honte qu'on ha.

\

    Ab illo friget. Gel. Ce n'est rien aupris de luy.

\

    A, Propter: vt A metu infamiae. Tacit. Pour crainte du deshonneur, Craignant deshonneur.

\

    A spe quam successus rerum augebat. Liu. A cause de l'esperance, A raison ou pour l'esperance.

\

    Ab ira et odio. Liu. Par courroux et haine.

\

    A sole dolet. Plin. Il est malade du soleil, Le soleil luy a faict mal, ou l'a faict malade.

\

    Ab, pro Erga. Cic. Ab innocentia clementissimus. Envers les innocens.

\

    A vel Ab pro A parte, siue Ex parte. Liu. Ab Sabinis Metius Curtius. Du costé des Sabins, ou de la part des Sabins.

\

    Ab Romanis tubae cornuaque cecinerunt. Liu. Les trompettes et cornets sonnerent du costé des Rommains. Les Rommains sonnerent la trompette.

\

    Ei testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio. Cic. Il luy laisse un legz d'une grande somme d'argent payable par les mains de son filz.

\

    Ab aliqua re otium vel tempus habere. Terent. N'estre point empesché, et ne laisser point d'avoir bon loisir pour cela.

\

    A vel Ab, proximitatem loci significat. Cic. Venisse eum a Roma. D'aupres de Romme.

\

    Ab Roma aberat. Cic. N'estoit point autour, ou aupres de Romme.

\

    Ab accidentibus, Qui ha charge de mettre en escript et d'advertir des choses qui surviennent. \ Ab aure, Secretaire.

\

    A commentariis, Celuy qui fait le registre des prisonniers, Geolier, ou un Chroniqueur. \ Ab epistolis. Suet. Secretaire.

\

    A latere Regis. Les amis familiers du Roy qui ne bougent de son costé. \ A libellis, Maistre des requestes.

\

    A manu, A manu, seruus, et A manibus. Suet. Un clerc qui sert pour escrire.

\

    A pedibus, vel A pedibus seruus. Cic. Un laquay. quod etiam Ad pedes, Martiali: et Circum pedes, Ciceroni: dicitur.

\

    A secretis, Secretaire.

\

    A studiis. Sue. Celuy de qui nous nous servons au faict de nos estudes.

\

    A rationibus. Suet. Maistre correcteur, auditeur, ou autre officier és comptes. President des comptes. B.

\

    A voluptatibus. Suet. Qui ha charge d'inventer toute sorte de passetemps pour le prince.

\

    Positis castris a milibus passuum quindecim. Caes. Ayant assis son camp à quinze mille pas pres.

\

    Ab illo tibi soluam. Cic. Je te feray delivrer par luy ce que je te doy.

\

    Viaticum vt dem ab trapezita tibi. Plaut. A fin que je te baille argent pour voyager par les mains du banquier, Que je te face delivrer argent par la banque.

\

    Ab Aulo Sextilio dicit se dedisse, et a suis fratribus. Cic. Il dit avoir payé de l'argent de Sextilius, et de l'argent ou de la bourse de ses freres.

\

    A cauda de ouo exeunt. Plin. La queue devant, ou la queue la premiere. \ Pedibus genitus Nero. Pli. Les pieds devant.

\

    Quaecunque animal pariunt, in capita gignunt. Plin. Les testes devant.

\

    A matre pulli. Colum. Prins dessoubs les ailes de la mere.

\

    A lenone manu asserere. Plaut. Retirer une fille, et la delivrer d'entre les mains d'un maquereau.

\

    Instructus a philosophia. Cic. Garni de philosophie. Scavant en philosophie.

\

    Inuictus a labore. Cic. Qui ne se lasse point de labeur et travail. Non vaincu de ou par labeur.

\

    Ab exule prope esse. Taci. Estre presque banni. N'estre gueres moins que banni.

\

    A contumelia, quam a laude propius fuerit, post Vitellium eligi. Tacit. Estre esleu apres Vitelle, approcheroit plus de deshonneur, que de gloire.

\

    Ab amore scribere. Balbus Ciceroni. De grand amour.

\

    Ab aspectu decorus. Colu. Beau à veoir.

\

    Ab aliquo describere. Cic. Transcrire du livre d'un autre.

\

    A se aliquid promere. Cic. Dire quelque chose du sien, de soymesme et de son invention.

\

    A me salutem dic Ciceroni. Cic. Salue Cicero de par moy.

\

    A me illos habe commendatissimos. Cic. Je te les recommande tant que je puis. Ayes les en recommandation pour l'amour de moy.

\

    A sole calor. Cic. Chaleur de soleil.

\

    A puppi religatus. Cic. Attaché, ou lié à la poupe.

\

    A stirpe socius Pop. Rom. Sallust. De race.

\

    A stirpe, pro Stirpitus. Liu. Dés la racine, Totalement, du tout.

\

    Ab auro fulgorem reuereri. Lucret. Avoir en reverence ceulx qui sont vestus de drap d'or, ou qui reluisent de dorures.

\

    A limine disciplinas salutare. Seneca. Estudier quelque peu et legerement.

\

    Ab eo, pro Eius. Terent. Atque ab eo gratiam inibo. Je gaigneray sa bonne grace.

\

    Ab illo iniuria. Terent. Le tort qu'il fait.

\

    A, interdum redundare videtur. Tacit. A metu infamiae. De paour de deshonneur. Liu. Castra a stationibus firma.

\

    A et Ab, eleganter vtimur cum his dictionibus Vsque et Prope. Cic. Vsque a Capitolio. Dés le Capitole.

\

    Tam prope ab domo. Cic. Si pres de la maisons.

Dictionarium latinogallicum > a
16 res

rēs, rei (rēi with e long; gen., Lucr. 2, 112; 548; 6, 918; dat., id. 1, 688; 2, 236; rei, gen., monosyl. at the end of the verse, Lucr. 3, 918;
and in the middle of the verse,
id. 4, 885, and Poët. ap. Lact. 6, 6), f. [ etym. dub.; perh. root ra- of reor, ratus; cf. Germ. Ding; Engl. thing, from denken, to think; prop., that which is thought of; cf. also logos, Lid. and Scott, 9], a thing, object, being; a matter, affair, event, fact, circumstance, occurrence, deed, condition, case, etc.; and sometimes merely = something (cf.: causa, ratio, negotium).
I.
In gen.:
unde initum primum capiat res quaeque movendi,
Lucr. 1, 383; cf. id. 1, 536:
in partes res quaeque minutas Distrahitur,
id. 2, 826: summe Sol, qui omnes res inspicis, Enn. ap. Prob. Verg. E. 6, 31 (Trag. v. 321 Vahl.):
versus, quos ego de Rerum Naturā pangere conor,
Lucr. 1, 25; cf. id. 1, 126; 5, 54:
rerum natura creatrix,
id. 2, 1117:
divinarum humanarumque rerum, tum initiorum causarumque cujusque rei cognitio,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (v. divinus):
haeret haec res,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 182:
profecto, ut loquor, ita res est,
id. ib. 2, 1, 19:
haud mentior, resque uti facta dico,
id. ib. 2, 1, 23:
de Alcumenā ut rem teneatis rectius,
id. ib. prol. 110:
in tantis rebus (sc. in re publicā defendendā),
Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4 et saep.:
quo Averna vocantur nomine, id ab re Impositum est, quia sunt avibus contraria cunctis,
from the nature of the thing, Lucr. 6, 740; cf. id. 6, 424; Liv. 1, 17:
si res postulabit,
the condition of the case, Cic. Lael. 13, 44: scaena rei totius haec, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 3:
fugam in se nemo convertitur Nec recedit loco, quin statim rem gerat,
does his duty, stands his ground, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84; so, res gerere, v. gero; hence, too, rerum scriptor, for a historian, v. scriptor, and cf. II. H. infra.—
B.
With adj. of quality, to express condition, etc.:
illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit,
is bringing a bad business on himself, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 171; so,
res mala,
a wretched condition, Sall. C. 20, 13; and more freq. in plur.:
bonis tuis rebus meas res irrides malas,
circumstances, condition, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45; id. Rud. 3, 3, 12:
res secundae,
good fortune, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30; cf. Liv. 3, 9:
res prosperae,
Nep. Dion, 6, 1; id. Eum. 5, 1:
in secundissimis rebus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91:
adversae res,
id. ib. 1, 26, 90; Hor. S. 2, 2, 136; 2, 8, 73:
res belli adversae,
Liv. 10, 6:
res dubiae,
Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 7, 30;
v. bonus, florens, salvus, adversus, dubius, novus, arduus, etc.— Freq. in curses, etc.: in malam rem,
go to the bad, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 37; id. And. 2, 1, 17:
malam rem hinc ibis?
id. Eun. 3, 3, 30.—
C.
With an adj. in a periphrasis:
abhorrens ab re uxoriā,
matrimony, Ter. And. 5, 1, 10:
in arbitrio rei uxoriae,
dowry, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 61:
rem divinam nisi compitalibus... ne faciat,
a religious act, act of worship, a sacrifice, Cato, R. R. 5, 4:
bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt,
Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76; Hor. C. 4, 3, 6:
erat ei pecuaria res ampla et rustica,
Cic. Quint. 3, 12: res rustica, agriculture:
rei rusticae libro primo,
Col. 11, 1, 2; id. 1, praef. §
19: liber, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,
Cic. Sen. 15, 54:
navalis rei certamina,
naval battles, Amm. 26, 3, 5:
res militaris,
Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2:
rei militaris gloria,
id. Mur. 9, 22; Nep. Milt. 8, 4:
res frumentaria,
forage, Caes. B. C. 3, 16; id. B. G. 1, 23; 4, 7:
armatae rei scientissimus,
Amm. 25, 4, 7:
peritus aquariae rei,
id. 28, 2, 2:
res judicaria,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31:
res ludicra,
play, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180:
uti rebus veneriis,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47; Nep. Alc. 11, 4:
res Veneris,
Lucr. 2, 173; Ov. R. Am. 431; v. also familiaris, judiciaria, militaris, navalis, etc., and cf. II. G. infra. —
D.
With pronouns or adjectives, as an emphatic periphrase for the neutr.:
ibi me inclamat Alcumena: jam ea res me horrore afficit,
this now, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16; cf.: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam:
Ea res est,
it is even so, id. As. 1, 1, 40:
de fratre confido ita esse ut semper volui. Multa signa sunt ejus rei,
of it, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 5: quos (melittônas) alii melittotropheia appellant, eandem rem quidam mellaria. Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12:
sunt ex te quae scitari volo, Quarum rerum, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 13; cf. Caes. B. G. 3, 4:
quibus de rebus quoniam nobis contigit ut aliquid essemus consecuti,
Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:
quā super re interfectum esse Hippotem dixisti? Pac. ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 244: resciscet Amphitruo rem omnem,
every thing, all, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 30:
nulla res tam delirantes homines concinat cito,
nothing, id. Am. 2, 2, 96; cf.:
neque est ulla res, in quā, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9; cf.
also: sumptu ne parcas ullā in re, quod ad valetudinem opus sit,
id. Fam. 16, 4, 2:
magna res principio statim bello,
a great thing, a great advantage, Liv. 31, 23 fin.:
nil admirari prope res est una Solaque, quae, etc.,
the only thing, only means, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 1 et saep. — Emphatically with sup.:
scilicet rerum facta est pulcherrima Roma,
the most beautiful thing in the world, Verg. G. 2, 534; Quint. 1, 12, 16 Spald. p. 81. —
Of persons, etc.: est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:
maxime rerum,
Ov. H. 9, 107; cf.:
maxima rerum Roma,
Verg. A. 7, 602; Ov. M. 13, 508:
fortissima rerum animalia,
id. ib. 12, 502:
pulcherrime rerum,
id. H. 4, 125; id. A. A. 1, 213; id. M. 8, 49:
dulcissime rerum,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 4.—
E.
In adverb. phrases:
e re natā melius fieri haud potuit,
after what has happened, Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8:
pro re natā,
according to circumstances, Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2; 14, 6, 1:
pro tempore et pro re,
Caes. B. G. 5, 8:
factis benignus pro re,
according to circumstances, Liv. 7, 33, 3; Sall. J. 50, 2:
pro re pauca loquar,
Verg. A. 4, 337; Lucr. 6, 1280:
ex re et ex tempore,
Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3:
e re respondi,
Cat. 10, 8.
II.
In partic.
A.
Pregn., an actual thing, the thing itself, reality, truth, fact; opposed to appearance, mere talk, the mere name of a thing:
ecastor, re experior, quanti facias uxorem tuam,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 10:
desiste dictis nunc jam miseram me consolari: Nisi quid re praesidium apparas, etc.,
id. Rud. 3, 3, 21: rem ipsam loqui. Ter. And. 1, 2, 31:
rem fabulari,
Plaut. Trin 2, 4, 87:
nihil est aliud in re,
in fact, Liv. 10, 8, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:
se ipsa res aperit,
Nep. Paus. 3, 7:
ex re decerpere fructus,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 79;
opp. verbum, vox, opinio, spes, nomen, etc.: rem opinor spectari oportere, non verba,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; cf.: te rogo, ut rem potiorem oratione ducas, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5:
non modo res omnes, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,
Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:
qui hos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt,
id. N. D. 3, 21, 53:
Peripateticos et Academicos nominibus differentes, re congruentes,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 15:
quod nos honestum, illi vanum... verbis quam re probabilius vocant,
Quint. 3, 8, 22; Sen. Ep. 120, 9:
eum, tametsi verbo non audeat, tamen re ipsā de maleficio suo confiteri,
id. Rosc. Am. 42, 123; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 15:
vides quantum distet argumentatio tua ab re ipsā atque a veritate,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44. — Hence, abl. sing., often strengthened by verā (sometimes as one word, reverā), in fact, really, in truth, indeed, in reality:
haec ille, si verbis non audet, re quidem verā palam loquitur,
Cic. Quint. 17, 56; so,
re quidem verā,
id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Sest. 7, 15:
re autem verā,
id. Fam. 1, 4, 2;
and simply re verā,
id. Quint. 2, 7; id. Div. 2, 54, 110; id. Balb. 3, 7:
re verāque,
Lucr. 2, 48; cf.:
et re verā,
indeed, in fact, Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1; Liv. 33, 11, 3; 35, 31, 12; 36, 6, 1; Nep. Ages. 2, 3; id. Phoc. 3, 3; Curt. 3, 13, 5; 4, 16, 19; Val. Max. 9, 13, ext. 1; Just. 5, 1, 8; 12, 13, 10; Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 1.—
B.
Effects, substance, property, possessions:
mihi Chrysalus Perdidit filium, me atque rem omnem Meam,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 26; cf.: Ph. Habuitne rem? Ly. Habuit. Ph. Qui eam perdidit... Mercaturamne an venales habuit, ubi rem perdidit? id. Trin. 2, 2, 49 sq.:
quibus et re salvā et perditā profueram,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 27:
rem talentum decem,
id. Phorm. 2, 3, 46; Juv. 3, 16:
avidior ad rem,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51:
rem facere,
to make money, Cic. Att. 2, 2, 12:
res eos jampridem, fides deficere nuper coepit,
id. Cat. 2, 5, [p. 1576] 10:
qui duo patrimonia accepisset remque praeterea bonis et honestis rationibus auxisset,
id. Rab. Post. 14, 38:
libertino natum patre et in tenui re,
in narrow circumstances, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20 et saep.; v. also familiaris.— In plur.: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.):
privatae res,
Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5.—
2.
Hence, law t. t., whatever may be the subject of a right, whether corporeal or incorporeal (v. Sandars, Introd. to Just. Inst. p. 42 sqq.):
res corporales,
Just. Inst. 2, 2, 1 sq.; Gai. Inst. 2, 12; Dig. 1, 8, 1:
res in patrimonio, res extra patrimonium,
Just. Inst. 2, 1 pr.; Gai. Inst. 2, 1:
res sanctae,
Just. Inst. 2, 1, 10; v. also mancipium, privatus, etc.—
C.
Benefit, profit, advantage, interest, weal:
res magis quaeritur, quam, etc.,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 6:
melius illi consulas quam rei tuae,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 98:
haec tuā re feceris,
to your advantage, id. Capt. 2, 2, 46.— Most freq. with the prepositions in, ex, ob, ab, etc.:
quasi istic minor mea res agatur quam tua,
is interested, affected, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113 (v. ago):
si in rem tuam esse videatur,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 2:
vide si hoc in rem deputas,
id. ib. 3, 3, 19:
quod in rem recte conducat tuam,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 26:
si in remst utrique,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 14:
quid mihi melius est, quid magis in rem est, quam? etc.,
useful, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 1:
tamen in rem fore credens universos adpellare,
Sall. C. 20, 1:
omnia quae in rem videbantur esse,
Curt. 6, 2, 21:
ad conparanda ea quae in rem erant,
Liv. 30, 4, 6:
imperat quae in rem sunt,
id. 26, 44, 7; 22, 3, 2:
ex tuā re non est, ut ego emoriar,
for your advantage, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102: An. Non pudet Vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, to the purpose, with advantage, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 41: ob rem facere, usefully, with advantage or profit, Sall. J. 31, 5: subdole blanditur, ab re Consulit blandiloquentulus, contrary to his interest, i. e. to his injury, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12 Brix ad loc.:
haud id est ab re aucupis,
id. As. 1, 3, 71:
haec haud ab re duxi referre,
Liv. 8, 11, 1:
non ab re esse Quinctio visum est interesse, etc.,
id. 35, 32, 6; Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57; Suet. Aug. 94; Gell. 18, 4, 6; 1, 26, 4; Macr. S. 1, 4, 19.—
D.
Cause, reason, ground, account; only in the connection eā (hac) re, and eam ob rem, adverb., therefore, on that account:
eā re tot res sunt, ubi bene deicias,
Cato, R. R. 158, 2:
hac re nequeunt ex omnibus omnia gigni, Quod, etc.,
Lucr. 1, 172; cf.:
illud eā re a se esse concessum, quod, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111:
patrem exoravi, tibi ne noceat, neu quid ob eam rem succenseat,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 39; cf.:
quoi rei?
for what purpose? id. As. 3, 2, 43; id. Poen. 2, 3, 3.—Hence (by uniting into one word) the causal adverbs quare and quamobrem, v. h. vv.—
E.
An affair, matter of business, business:
cum et de societate inter se multa communicarent et de totā illā ratione atque re Gallicanā,
Cic. Quint. 4, 15:
rem cum aliquo transigere,
id. Clu. 13, 39. —
Hence, transf., in gen.: res alicui est cum aliquo,
to have to do with any one, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Sest. 16, 37; id. Fam. 9, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 77; cf.:
famigeratori res sit cum damno et malo,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 182 Brix ad loc.— Also without a dat.:
quoniam cum senatore res est,
Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 3;
esp., in mal. part.: rem habere cum aliquo or aliquā,
to have to do with any one, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 35; id. Merc. 3, 1, 37; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 39; 58. —Ellipt.:
jam biennium est, quom mecum rem coepit,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 15. —
F.
A case in law, a lawsuit, cause, suit (more gen. than causa):
ubi res prolatae sunt,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 10:
res agi,
id. Men. 4, 2, 19; id. Aul. 3, 4, 13:
quibus res erat in controversiā, ea vocabatur lis,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 93; cf.
(prob. in allusion to this legal form): tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum diem tertium an perendinum... rem an litem dici oporteret,
Cic. Mur. 12, 27; cf.
also: quarum rerum litium causarum condixit pater patratus, etc., an ancient formula,
Liv. 1, 32:
de rebus ab aliquo cognitis judicatisque dicere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 118:
pecunias capere ob rem judicandam,
id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:
si res certabitur olim,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 27; 1, 10, 15; 1, 9, 41; id. Ep. 1, 16, 43:
tractu temporis futurum, ut res pereat,
Dig. 3, 3, 12:
rem differre,
ib. 43, 30, 3: res judicata dicitur, quae finem controversiarum pronuntiatione judicis accipit, ib. 42, 1, 1 et saep.—
G.
An affair, esp. a battle, campaign, military operations; in phrase rem (or res) gerere:
res gesta virtute,
Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 66:
ut res gesta est ordine narrare,
Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 3:
his rebus gestis,
Caes. B. G. 5, 8:
res gerere,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:
rem bene gerere,
id. ib. 1, 8, 1; Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 13:
comminus rem gerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 44:
res gestae,
Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 7; 2, 1, 251:
adversus duos simul rem gerere,
Liv. 21, 60:
rem male gerere,
Nep. Them. 3, 3; Hor. S. 2, 3, 74:
in relatione rerum ab Scythis gestarum,
Just. 2, 1, 1; cf.:
rem agere,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 4; id. A. P. 82:
ante rem,
before the battle, Liv. 4, 40:
cum Thebanis sibi rem esse existimant,
Nep. Pel. 1, 3; Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—
H.
Acts, events, as the subject of narration, a story, history:
res in unam sententiam scripta,
Auct. Her. 1, 12, 20:
cui lecta potenter erit res,
Hor. A. P. 40; id. S. 1, 10, 57; id. Ep. 1, 19, 29:
in medias res auditorem rapere,
id. A. P. 148; 310:
agitur res in scaenis,
id. ib. 179; cf.:
numeros animosque secutus, non res,
id. Ep. 1, 19, 25; Phaedr. 5, 1, 12:
sicut in rebus ejus (Neronis) exposuimus,
Plin. 2, 83, 85, § 199:
litterae, quibus non modo res omnis, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,
Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:
res populi Romani perscribere, Liv. praef. § 1: res Persicae,
history, Nep. Con. 5, 4; id. Cat. 3, 2.—
K.
Res publica, also as one word, respublica, the common weal, a commonwealth, state, republic (cf. civitas); also, civil affairs, administration, or power, etc.: qui pro republicā, non pro suā obsonat, Cato ap. Ruf. 18, p. 210; cf.:
erat tuae virtutis, in minimis tuas res ponere, de re publicā vehementius laborare,
Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3:
dummodo ista privata sit calamitas et a rei publicae periculis sejungatur,
id. Cat. 1, 9; cf.:
si re publicā non possis frui, stultum est nolle privatā,
id. Fam. 4, 9, 4:
egestates tot egentissimorum hominum nec privatas posse res nec rem publicam sustinere,
id. Att. 9, 7, 5 (v. publicus); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 14, 3: auguratum est, rem Romanam publicam summam fore, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:
quo utiliores rebus suis publicis essent,
Cic. Off. 1, 44, 155:
commutata ratio est rei totius publicae,
id. Att. 1, 8, 4: pro republicā niti, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 fin.:
merere de republicā,
Plaut. Am. prol. 40:
de re publicā disputatio... dubitationem ad rem publicam adeundi tollere, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:
oppugnare rem publicam,
id. Cael. 1, 1; id. Har. Resp. 8, 15; id. Sest. 23, 52:
paene victā re publicā,
id. Fam. 12, 13, 1:
delere rem publicam,
id. Sest. 15, 33; Lact. 6, 18, 28.—Esp. in the phrase e re publicā, for the good of the State, for the public benefit:
senatūs consultis bene et e re publicā factis,
Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30:
ea si dicam non esse e re publicā dividi,
id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; id. Mil. 5, 14; Liv. 8, 4, 12; 25, 7, 4; 34, 34, 9; Suet. Rhet. 1 init. —Post-class. and rare, also ex republicā, Gell. 6, 3, 47; 11, 9, 1;
but exque is used for euphony (class.): id eum recte atque ordine exque re publicā fecisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36; 10, 11, 26.— In plur.:
eae nationes respublicas suas amiserunt, C. Gracch. ap. Fest. s. h. v. p. 286 Müll.: hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum publicarum,
Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44:
circuitus in rebus publicis commutationum,
id. ib. 1, 29, 45 et saep.—
2.
Sometimes simply res, the State (in the poets, and since the Aug. per. in prose): unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84 (Ann. v. 313 Vahl.):
hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam sistet,
Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:
nec rem Romanam tam desidem umquam fuisse,
Liv. 21, 16; 1, 28:
parva ista non contemnendo majores nostri maximam hanc rem fecerunt,
id. 6, 41 fin.:
Romana,
Hor. C. S. 66; id. Ep. 1, 12, 25; Ov. M. 14, 809; Sall. C. 6, 3; cf.:
ut paulo ante animum inter Fidenatem Romanamque rem ancipitem gessisti,
Liv. 1, 28 fin.:
Albana,
id. 1, 6.— In plur.:
res Asiae evertere,
Verg. A. 3, 1:
custode rerum Caesare,
Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; cf.:
res sine discordiā translatae,
Tac. H. 1, 29; so (also in Cic.), rerum potiri, v. potior. —
L.
Res novae, political changes, a revolution, etc.; v. novus.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > res
17 cura

cūra, ae, f. (arch. coira) [st1]1 [-] soin, diligence, attention.    - curā aliquid exsequi (cum cura aliquid exsequi), Liv.: faire soigneusement une chose.    - in aliqua re aliquid operae curaeque ponere Cic. Off. 1, 19: mettre dans qqch de l'activité et du soin.    - omni cura in aliquid incumbere, Cic. Fam.. 12, 24, 2: s'appliquer à qqch de toute sa sollicitude.    - omnes meas curas cogitationesque in rem publicam conferebam, Cic. Off. 2, 2: je consacrais aux affaires publiques tous mes soins et toutes mes pensées.    - quocum mihi conjuncta cura de publica re et de privata fuit, Cic. Lael. 15: avec lequel je m'occupais en parfaite union des affaires publiques et de nos affaires privées.    - cum cura et studio, Quint. 10, 7, 29: avec soin et application. [st1]2 [-] soin, souci, intérêt, prévoyance.    - mihi curae est (double dat.): j’ai à coeur de, je suis préoccupé de.    - res curae est mihi: je prends soin de qqch, je m'en occupe, je m'y intéresse.    - curae est alicui de aliqua re: qqn prend soin de qqch.    - maxime mihi curae erit ut Ciceronem tuum videam cotidie, Cic. Q. Fr. 12: mon plus grand souci sera de voir tous les jours ton Cicéron.    - habere aliquid curae: avoir qqch à coeur.    - sic recipiunt, Caesari de augenda mea dignitate curae fore, Cic. Att. 11, 6, 3: ils promettent que César s'occupera d'accroître mes honneurs.    - mihi curae erit, quemadmodum... Cic.: j'aurai à coeur de... [st1]3 [-] conduite, surveillance, direction, administration, gestion; curatelle (t. de droit).    - cura rerum publicarum, Sall. J. 3, 1: la gestion des affaires publiques.    - cura annonae, Suet. Tib. 8: intendance des vivres.    - cura erarii, Suet. Aug. 36: administration du trésor public.    - cura operum publicorum, Suet. Aug. 37: administration des travaux publics.    - curam administrare, Dig.: être curateur. [st1]4 [-] occupation, travail, tâche; ouvrage (de l'esprit), livre, écrit; soin, culture (des champs).    - ii, quorum in manus cura nostra venerit, Tac.: ceux qui auront entre les mains ce fruit de notre travail.    - quorum inedita cura est, Ov.: ceux dont les ouvrages n'ont pas été publiés.    - quae cura boum sit, hinc canere incipiam, Virg. G. 1: quels soins il faut donner aux boeufs, voilà ce que maintenant je vais chanter. [st1]5 [-] soin, cure, traitement, remède; soin (pour la beauté), parure.    - cura aquae, quae sub cutem est, Cels. 2, 10: traitement de l'hydropisie.    - cura doloris, Cic.: traitement de la douleur.    - illa fuit lacrimis ultima cura meis (somnus), Prop. 1, 3, 46: ce fut le sommeil qui guérit enfin mes larmes.    - cura commendat faciem, Ov.: la parure rehausse la beauté.    - faciunt curā ne videantur anus, Ov.: grâce aux soins pour leur beauté, elles font leur possible pour ne pas paraître vieilles. [st1]7 [-] souci, ennui, inquiétude, sollicitude, tourment.    - cura et sollicitudo, Cic. Att. 15, 14, 3: souci et inquiétude.    - cura metusque Cic. Div. 2, 150: soucis et craintes.    - sine cura esse, Cic. Att. 12, 6, 4: n'avoir pas de souci.    - omnis quae me angebat de re publica cura, Cic. Br. 10: toute l'inquiétude qui me tourmentait au sujet de la république.    - mihi maxima cura est non de mea quidem vita, sed... Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 1: je suis très en souci non certes pour ma vie, mais...    - dare curas alicui, Hor. 4, 21: donner des soucis à qqn. [st1]8 [-] amour, souci amoureux; objet de l'amour.    - cura puellae, Prop. 3: l’amour pour une jeune fille.    - curae juvenis, Hor.: les peines de coeur de la jeunesse.    - tune meam potuisti tangere curam? Prop.: as-tu pu porter la main sur l'objet de mes soins? [st1]9 [-] au masc. surveillant, intendant.    - cura harae, Ov. H. 1: porcher.    - cura unus praetorii, Treb.: un intendant du prétoire.
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cūra, ae, f. (arch. coira) [st1]1 [-] soin, diligence, attention.    - curā aliquid exsequi (cum cura aliquid exsequi), Liv.: faire soigneusement une chose.    - in aliqua re aliquid operae curaeque ponere Cic. Off. 1, 19: mettre dans qqch de l'activité et du soin.    - omni cura in aliquid incumbere, Cic. Fam.. 12, 24, 2: s'appliquer à qqch de toute sa sollicitude.    - omnes meas curas cogitationesque in rem publicam conferebam, Cic. Off. 2, 2: je consacrais aux affaires publiques tous mes soins et toutes mes pensées.    - quocum mihi conjuncta cura de publica re et de privata fuit, Cic. Lael. 15: avec lequel je m'occupais en parfaite union des affaires publiques et de nos affaires privées.    - cum cura et studio, Quint. 10, 7, 29: avec soin et application. [st1]2 [-] soin, souci, intérêt, prévoyance.    - mihi curae est (double dat.): j’ai à coeur de, je suis préoccupé de.    - res curae est mihi: je prends soin de qqch, je m'en occupe, je m'y intéresse.    - curae est alicui de aliqua re: qqn prend soin de qqch.    - maxime mihi curae erit ut Ciceronem tuum videam cotidie, Cic. Q. Fr. 12: mon plus grand souci sera de voir tous les jours ton Cicéron.    - habere aliquid curae: avoir qqch à coeur.    - sic recipiunt, Caesari de augenda mea dignitate curae fore, Cic. Att. 11, 6, 3: ils promettent que César s'occupera d'accroître mes honneurs.    - mihi curae erit, quemadmodum... Cic.: j'aurai à coeur de... [st1]3 [-] conduite, surveillance, direction, administration, gestion; curatelle (t. de droit).    - cura rerum publicarum, Sall. J. 3, 1: la gestion des affaires publiques.    - cura annonae, Suet. Tib. 8: intendance des vivres.    - cura erarii, Suet. Aug. 36: administration du trésor public.    - cura operum publicorum, Suet. Aug. 37: administration des travaux publics.    - curam administrare, Dig.: être curateur. [st1]4 [-] occupation, travail, tâche; ouvrage (de l'esprit), livre, écrit; soin, culture (des champs).    - ii, quorum in manus cura nostra venerit, Tac.: ceux qui auront entre les mains ce fruit de notre travail.    - quorum inedita cura est, Ov.: ceux dont les ouvrages n'ont pas été publiés.    - quae cura boum sit, hinc canere incipiam, Virg. G. 1: quels soins il faut donner aux boeufs, voilà ce que maintenant je vais chanter. [st1]5 [-] soin, cure, traitement, remède; soin (pour la beauté), parure.    - cura aquae, quae sub cutem est, Cels. 2, 10: traitement de l'hydropisie.    - cura doloris, Cic.: traitement de la douleur.    - illa fuit lacrimis ultima cura meis (somnus), Prop. 1, 3, 46: ce fut le sommeil qui guérit enfin mes larmes.    - cura commendat faciem, Ov.: la parure rehausse la beauté.    - faciunt curā ne videantur anus, Ov.: grâce aux soins pour leur beauté, elles font leur possible pour ne pas paraître vieilles. [st1]7 [-] souci, ennui, inquiétude, sollicitude, tourment.    - cura et sollicitudo, Cic. Att. 15, 14, 3: souci et inquiétude.    - cura metusque Cic. Div. 2, 150: soucis et craintes.    - sine cura esse, Cic. Att. 12, 6, 4: n'avoir pas de souci.    - omnis quae me angebat de re publica cura, Cic. Br. 10: toute l'inquiétude qui me tourmentait au sujet de la république.    - mihi maxima cura est non de mea quidem vita, sed... Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 1: je suis très en souci non certes pour ma vie, mais...    - dare curas alicui, Hor. 4, 21: donner des soucis à qqn. [st1]8 [-] amour, souci amoureux; objet de l'amour.    - cura puellae, Prop. 3: l’amour pour une jeune fille.    - curae juvenis, Hor.: les peines de coeur de la jeunesse.    - tune meam potuisti tangere curam? Prop.: as-tu pu porter la main sur l'objet de mes soins? [st1]9 [-] au masc. surveillant, intendant.    - cura harae, Ov. H. 1: porcher.    - cura unus praetorii, Treb.: un intendant du prétoire.
* * *

    Cura, curae, Cure et soing, Soulci, Chagrin.

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    Amara curarum eluere. Horat. Nettoyer et oster du tout l'amaritude ou amertume des soulcis et chagrins, Destacher et desennuyer.

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    Foelix curarum. Stat. Qui met son soing, sa cure, et son estude à choses utiles et à luy prouffitables.

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    Frigus curarum. Ouid. Soulci et chagrin qui refroidist la personne, et empesche de faire quelque chose, qu'on feroit bien, si on avoit l'esprit delivré et joyeux.

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    Dare aliquid curae corporis. Quintil. Employer quelque peu de temps à penser et traicter son corps.

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    Argentaria cura. Terent. Soulci et chagrin de faulte d'argent. B.

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    Frigida cura thori. Stat. Quand un homme ou une femme ne se soulcie gueres et ne luy chault de coucher avec sa partie.

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    Insomnes curae. Claud. Qui gardent les gens de dormir.

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    Inuida. Horat. Envieuse du repos et bon temps ou aise des personnes.

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    Mortales curae. Sil. Les soulcis de ce monde.

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    Omni cogitatione curaque in aliquam rem incumbere. Cic. Y employer tout son soing et toute sa cure.

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    Sagaces curae. Horat. Qui prevoyent les choses de loing.

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    Tristes curae. Virg. Qui rend l'homme triste et melancholique.

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    Abducere curas alicui. Claud. Le desfascher et desennuyer, Le delivrer de soulci.

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    Curas adimere. Terent. Mettre ou jecter hors de soulci.

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    Cura aliquem afficere. Terent. Mettre en soulci.

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    Committere auribus alicuius fuas curas. Seneca. Les dire à autruy.

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    Consedit cura. Cic. Est cessee.

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    Demouere aliquem cura rerum. Tacit. Luy oster la charge des affaires.

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    Cura est negotii quid sit, aut quid nuntiet. Plaut. Je suis en soulci que ce peult estre, quelle affaire c'est.

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    Quos vt ego hodie seruem, cura maxima est. Plaut. Desquels je suis en tresgrand soulci comment je les pourray retenir.

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    Haec mihi nunc cura est maxima, vt necui mea Longinquitas aetatis obstet. Terent. Le plus grand soulci que j'ay, c'est que, etc.

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    Curae mihi est. Terent. Je m'en soulcie.

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    - is es profecto seruus spectatus Cui dominus curae est. Terent. Qui ha soulci de son maistre.

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    Sane curae est quorsum euenturum hoc siet. Terent. Certes je me soulcie qu'il adviendra de cela.

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    Sine cura esse. Cic. Ne se point soulcier.

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    Extendere curas in annum venientem. Virgil. Se soulcier du temps advenir.

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    Mortalibus curis exuere se. Sil. Se desvestir et descharger des soulcis et ennuis de ce monde, Se tuer pour mettre fin à ses ennuis.

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    Gerere curam pro aliquo. Virgil. Se soulcier de la personne ou des affaires d'aucun.

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    Curae habere rem aliquam. Sallust. Avoir soing de quelque chose, L'avoir pour recommandee.

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    Curas iniicere. Terent. Mettre en soulci.

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    Curae leues loquuntur, ingentes stupent. Seneca. Quand la personne ha un chagrin ou ennuy legier, elle en parle, ou s'en complaint, ou demande conseil pour y remedier: mais quand le chagrin ou ennuy est fort grand et excessif, elle demeure estonnee et toute esperdue, sans pouvoir parler, ne s'en plaindre.

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    Mitte hanc de pectore curam. Virg. Ne te soulcie plus de cela.

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    Ponere omnem curam in re aliqua. Cic. Mettre.

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    Ponere graues curas. Sil. Oster, Delaisser.

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    Populatur artus cura. Seneca. Amour amaigrit la personne.

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    Respondere curis alicui. Virgil. L'aymer autant qu'il nous aime.

Dictionarium latinogallicum > cura
18 contra

contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
I.
Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
A.
Local.
1.
Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
a.
With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
(α).
Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):
feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:
ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:
signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,
Liv. 1, 18, 8:
stat contra starique jubet,
Juv. 3, 290:
stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!
Mart. 1, 55, 12:
ulmus erat contra,
in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:
templa vides contra,
in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:
contra conserta manu,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
(β).
Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):
contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,
Manil. 2, 253:
posita contra Hispania,
Tac. Agr. 11:
promuntorium quod contra procedit,
Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:
arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,
face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:
jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),
side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
b.
With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
(α).
Referring to persons:
accede ad me atque adi contra,
come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):
adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:
contra adspicere,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:
contra intueri,
Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:
cum veniret contra Marcianus,
Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
(β).
Of things:
hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,
Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:
quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,
Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
2.
Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
(α).
In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:
aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,
at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
(β).
In post-Aug. prose (very rare):
at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
3.
Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
(α).
In gen.:
te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:
quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,
id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:
qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,
make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:
si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:
audi nunc contra jam,
listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:
at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,
you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:
Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,
Liv. 1, 28, 1:
contra ut me diligat illa,
Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:
cui latrans contra senex,
Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:
scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—
Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,
Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:
contra talia reddit,
Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
(β).
With dat. pers.:
consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:
facere contra huic aegre,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:
hiscine contra insidiabere?
id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:
tibi contra gratiam Referre,
id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
(γ).
With item:
item a me contra factum est,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:
puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,
id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
(δ).
Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;
Consonat terra,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:
confer gradum Contra pariter,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:
video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:
vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!
Cat. 62, 6.—
(ε).
Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:
si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,
what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:
si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;
Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,
to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:
agedum pauca accipe contra,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:
Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,
Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:
oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,
Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:
dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?
id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
B.
Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
1.
Of physical exertion.
(α).
Lit.:
concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,
struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:
nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,
bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:
at ille contra nititur,
resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:
pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,
rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
(β).
Trop.:
te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:
et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,
Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
2.
Of mental exertion:
si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,
arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:
siti contra... pugnandum,
Cels. 4, 2 fin. —
3.
Of hostile opposition in gen.
(α).
Lit.:
quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,
who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:
contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,
something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
(β).
Trop.:
aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,
Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
4.
Of warfare.
(α).
Lit.:
ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:
quid quod exercitum contra duxit?
Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:
ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,
if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:
issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,
Liv. 7, 39, 17:
cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,
would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:
et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,
Tac. A. 11, 10.—
(β).
Trop.:
quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,
Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
5.
Of legal contests.
(α).
With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
(β).
Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:
quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?
if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
(γ).
On the part of the adversary:
inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,
Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
(δ).
Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:
ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,
given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
6.
Of literary opposition.
(α).
Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
(β).
With other verbs:
astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,
Lucr. 5, 728:
contra nunc illud pone, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:
habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,
some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
7.
Of public and political opposition.
(α).
With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
(β).
With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:
nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,
no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:
honores contra petere,
Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:
pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,
Tac. A. 14, 45.—
8.
Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:
si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,
and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
9.
With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
a.
Absol.
(α).
Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:
cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,
would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:
hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,
id. Caecin. 33, 97:
dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,
id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:
contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,
Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
(β).
To make charges against (rare):
si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,
Cic. Clu. 48, 134:
qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,
id. Quint. 29, 88; so,
contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,
id. Fl. 21, 51.—
(γ).
In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:
fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,
contra disputare and contra scribere,
id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:
nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,
Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:
ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,
to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
(δ).
To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:
quam palam principes dixerunt contra!
protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:
cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:
filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:
contradicente nullo,
Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
(ε).
To reply:
contradixit edicto,
answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
(ζ).
Abl. absol. impers.:
explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,
whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
b.
With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:
ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:
ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,
id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:
aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,
id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:
ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),
refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:
quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:
seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,
or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:
dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,
the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
c.
With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
(α).
To oppose a person by speaking against his views:
solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,
to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:
tibi,
Suet. Aug. 54:
Curioni...,
id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:
volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,
my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
(β).
To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:
cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,
opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
(γ).
To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:
patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:
cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,
Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
(δ).
With dat. of the petition:
preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,
which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
(ε).
To contest the validity of a law (rare):
quibus (legibus) contradici potest,
Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
(ζ).
To contradict an assertion (very rare):
pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,
Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
d.
With quin, to object:
praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,
there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
C.
To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;
but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,
Quint. 7, 3, 14:
cum verba (legis) contra sint,
id. 7, 1, 49:
sed experimentum contra fuit,
unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:
ubi fortuna contra fuit,
id. ib. 3, 18:
si fortuna contra daret,
should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
D.
Of logical opposition, with negative force.
1.
Of a direct contrast.
a.
Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:
quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,
but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:
in stultitia contra est,
with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:
in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),
id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:
quod contra est,
Sall. J. 85, 21:
quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:
contra fore si, etc.,
ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:
immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),
ib. 41, 3, 49:
ego contra puto (i. e. esse),
Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
b.
With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:
utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,
of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:
id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),
id. Att. 10, 8, 2:
contra evenit in iis morbis,
Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:
ego contra sentio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:
Proculus contra (sc. sentit),
ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:
licet Celsus contra scribat,
ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:
cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,
interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin. —
c.
Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
(α).
To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:
nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;
quod contra, id turpe,
id. Off. 1, 27, 94:
sit sapienter usus aut contra,
Quint. 2, 5, 15:
lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),
Col. 11, 3, 25.—
(β).
To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:
ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,
improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:
quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,
id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
(γ).
To a verbal predicate:
an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),
Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
(δ).
To a subject infinitive:
laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,
praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
(ε).
To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:
quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,
those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;
mihi contra,
id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
(ζ).
To an attributive genitive:
Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),
Sall. J. 88, 2:
verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),
Quint. 2, 4, 21:
alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,
the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;
so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,
Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
2.
Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
a.
With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;
Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,
Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:
quae etiam contra valent,
i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
b.
Belonging to the same predicate:
ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,
Cic. Or. 36, 123:
cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,
Dig. 35, 2, 48:
in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,
Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:
junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,
id. 1, 5, 68:
ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,
but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:
itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,
Cic. Or. 42, 143:
qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,
or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
E.
In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
1.
In independent clauses.
a.
Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:
ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:
ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:
in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,
Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:
contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?
Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;
so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,
Just. 13, 1, 7.—
b.
Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;
contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;
nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,
Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:
justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,
Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:
si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
2.
In opposition to a dependent clause:
ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:
cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,
Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:
cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:
at contra,
Lucr. 2, 392.—
3.
With co-ordinate conjunctions.
a.
Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
(α).
With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:
malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,
id. ib. 2, 7, 23:
cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,
Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:
itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:
nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,
Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
(β).
With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:
audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:
ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,
id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
(γ).
With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:
atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!
Cic. Balb. 22, 51:
domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,
Dig. 13, 7, 21:
equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,
Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
(δ).
After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:
in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,
Cic. Sull. 7, 21:
nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,
id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,
et contra,
Suet. Tit. 7.—
b.
With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
(α).
At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;
At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,
Lucr. 2, 400:
cogunt,
id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;
at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:
ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
(β).
Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):
non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:
arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,
Liv. 45, 18, 1:
tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,
Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:
obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,
Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
(γ).
Contra autem (rare;
in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,
Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:
sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,
Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
(δ).
Contra vero (very rare;
not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,
Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin. —
(ε).
Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
c.
With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
(α).
Aut contra:
num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?
Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:
si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,
Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
(β).
Vel contra:
hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?
Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
(γ).
Seu contra:
seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,
Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
d.
With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;
never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,
Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
4.
In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
(α).
In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):
aliis vero econtra videtur,
Hier. Ep. 12.—
(β).
Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):
honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
5.
With emphatic particles.
a.
Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);
not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,
Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
b.
Immo contra (post-Aug.).
(α).
= no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:
existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,
Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
(β).
= sed contra, but on the contrary:
proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:
immo contra ea,
Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
c.
Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):
quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
F.
With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
1.
Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
(α).
With atque:
item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:
simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:
judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,
Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
(β).
With ac:
itaque contra est ac dicitis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:
vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:
cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,
id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:
Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,
Sall. C. 60, 5.—
(γ).
With ac and atque:
si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,
Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
(δ).
With quam (post-Aug.):
cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,
Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:
contra quam licet,
id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
2.
Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:
mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,
contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:
ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,
contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:
contra quam ista causa postulasset,
id. Caecin. 24, 67:
contra quam sanctum legibus est,
Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:
contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,
Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
II.
Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
A.
Local uses.
1.
Opposite, over against, facing.
a.
Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;
adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:
ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,
id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:
Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,
Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:
Carthago Italiam contra,
Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:
insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,
Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
b.
Of the heavenly bodies:
donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,
Lucr. 5, 708:
contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,
Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:
cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:
contra mediam faciem meridies erit,
id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
c.
Of opposite ends of a line.
(α).
Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
(β).
Of a line drawn:
contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,
opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
d.
Of buildings, etc.:
contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,
Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:
(statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,
Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:
contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
e.
Of places on the human body:
id quod contra stomachum est,
Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;
4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,
Cels. 4, 1 fin. —
2.
Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:
adversus, ad, e regione,
Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
a.
In gen.:
quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,
Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:
et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?
Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:
rex constiterat contra pedites,
Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:
ne contra septentrionem paveris,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:
contra solem varie refulgens,
placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;
37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,
id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
b.
Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):
(Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,
towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:
lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,
Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
c.
Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
d.
Against an opposing action, etc.:
contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,
Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:
cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,
Vitr. 1, 6, 8:
ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,
Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:
contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,
id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:
capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,
id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:
contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,
Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:
contra stimulum calces,
kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
e.
Of local actions with hostile intent.
(α).
Lit.:
quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?
Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:
Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),
id. Att. 15, 20, 3:
pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,
to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:
a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,
id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:
Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,
Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:
terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,
i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
(β).
Trop.:
castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:
tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,
will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:
cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
(Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,
when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
f.
In partic.
(α).
Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:
quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,
Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:
contra populi studium,
Cic. Brut. 34, 126:
contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,
id. ib. 79, 273; so,
a mendacio contra veritatem,
id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:
contra cives in acie,
id. Att. 16, 11, 2:
et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,
opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:
haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,
Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin. —
(β).
Contra aliquem ire:
aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,
Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:
uti contra injurias armati eatis,
Sall. J. 31, 6:
interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,
Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
3.
Transf.,
a.
To persons placed together for comparison:
C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,
Quint. 10, 1, 114:
CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,
Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
b.
To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
(α).
Lit. (very rare):
quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
(β).
Prop.:
cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,
Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:
qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,
Sen. Ep. 9, 9:
numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,
Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:
tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,
id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:
nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,
as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:
(illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,
Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:
contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?
Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,
robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,
id. ib. 13, 2;
so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,
Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
c.
Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):
numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,
superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):
oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,
Petr. 7, 6.—
d.
Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:
contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 29:
contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,
Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:
quae contra breviter fata est vates,
Verg. A. 6, 398:
contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,
Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
B.
Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
1.
With verbs of hostile action.
a.
Of physical exertion:
pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,
Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:
proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,
id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
b.
Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.
bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),
Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:
contra Antonium,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,
contra patriam,
id. Sull. 20, 58:
pugnare contra patriam,
id. ib. 25, 70:
contra conjuges et liberos,
Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:
armatum esse contra populum Romanum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:
armis contendere contra,
Caes. B. G. 2, 13:
arma alicui dare (trop.),
Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:
aciem instruere (trop.),
Liv. 25, 4, 4:
exercitum comparare,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:
exercitum instruere,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:
exercitum ducere and adducere,
id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:
exercitum contra Philippum mittere,
id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
naves ducere contra,
Hor. Epod. 4, 19:
ducere contra hostes,
Liv. 1, 27, 4:
florem Italiae educere contra,
Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:
proficisci contra,
to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:
auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,
Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:
juvare aliquem contra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 35:
consilium inire contra Sequanos,
to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
c.
Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
(α).
In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:
cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,
Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:
(causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,
Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:
rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,
Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:
esse contra,
id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;
at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,
Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:
causam defendere contra,
against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:
statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),
to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:
actio competit contra,
Dig. 49, 14, 41:
querelam instituere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:
bonorum possessionem petere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 23:
jus obtinere contra,
Cic. Quint. 9, 34:
pugnare contra,
to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:
id quod mihi contra illos datum est,
i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:
judicare contra aliquem,
id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:
pronuntiare contra,
Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:
decernere contra,
Cic. Fl. 31, 76:
appellare contra aliquem,
Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:
contra sententiam,
Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:
cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,
Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
(β).
Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:
quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:
contra rem suam me venisse questus est,
Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
(γ).
With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:
ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:
cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,
id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,
causam dicere,
id. Or. 2, 23, 98:
causam perorare,
id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:
quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,
id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:
si Gaditani contra me dicerent,
if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:
si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:
testimonium in aliquem dicere,
id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):
contra juris consultos dicere,
against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:
contra testes dicendum est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:
cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,
Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:
tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?
Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
d.
Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:
cum scriberem contra Epicurios,
Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,
id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:
contra Brutum,
id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:
contra Academiam,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:
contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,
id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
e.
Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
(α).
In gen.:
sentire contra,
Cic. Mil. 2, 5:
pugnare contra bonos,
id. Sull. 25, 71:
contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,
Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:
(tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,
Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
(β).
Of political speaking:
cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,
Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
f.
Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:
adversus, in): inire consilia contra,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:
manum comparare contra aliquem,
id. Sull. 24, 68:
conjurationem facere,
id. ib. 4, 12:
congredi,
id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:
aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,
Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:
nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,
against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:
eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,
operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:
homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?
Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:
epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:
disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,
to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
2.
Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:
licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,
injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:
res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,
id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:
nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,
Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:
quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,
id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
3.
Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:
Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?
or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:
sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,
id. Att. 7, 5, 5:
judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,
id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:
cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:
fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,
in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
4.
Dependent on adjectives (rare):
contra se ipse misericors,
to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:
severissimus judex contra fures,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
5.
With nouns.
a.
Acc. to 1. b.:
ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
b.
Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
(α).
Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:
quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:
Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,
Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,
haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:
orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,
id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
(β).
Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:
unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,
Cic. Brut. 26, 99:
(Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,
id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
c.
Acc. to 1. f.:
contra patres concitatio et seditio,
Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:
contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,
Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
C.
With inanimate and abstract objects.
1.
Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
a.
Of physical or moral exertion:
cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,
Verg. A. 10, 567:
pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,
Cic. Sen. 11, 35:
contra verum niti,
Sall. J. 35, 8:
contra fortunam luctari,
Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
b.
Of warfare (lit. and trop.):
bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:
artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,
Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
c.
Of legal contention.
(α).
Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:
contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),
Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:
contra ratiocinationem,
id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:
contra caput dicere,
to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:
servum in caput domini interrogare,
Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:
contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
(β).
Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:
contra tabulas judicare,
Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:
contra testamentum,
Dig. 2, 17, § 1:
contra sententiam dicere,
ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
(γ).
Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:
inmittere in bona),
Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
d.
Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
(α).
To contend that something is false:
dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:
in sententiam dicere,
in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):
contra sensus dicere,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:
contra rhetoricen dicere,
Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
(β).
Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:
contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,
Vitr. 7, praef. 8:
contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
(γ).
Ethically:
contra voluptatem dicere,
that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:
contra mortem loqui,
that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;
in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,
id. ib. 100, 10:
contra fortunam gloriari,
that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
e.
Of public and political acts and speeches:
contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,
Cic. Brut. 44, 164:
contra legem dicere or verba facere,
id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:
rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),
Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
f.
Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
(α).
In gen.:
senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,
directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:
contra rem publicam se commovere,
id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:
incitari,
id. Sest. 47, 100:
consilia inire,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:
conjurationem facere,
Sall. C. 30, 6:
contra salutem urbis incitari,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:
cogitare aliquid contra salutem,
id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:
esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,
id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:
ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,
do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:
quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),
Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
(β).
In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:
si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,
Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,
contra salutem rei publicae facere,
Cic. Dom. 38, 102:
contra majestatem,
against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:
contra leges,
Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:
contra edictum (praetoris),
Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:
contra foedus,
Cic. Balb. 6, 16:
contra jusjurandum ac fidem,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:
tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?
Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):
corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,
Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
2.
Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
(α).
With esse expressed as the predicate:
hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,
Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:
contra leges or legem est,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:
contra officium est,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:
adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,
unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
(β).
With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:
scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:
aliquid contra animum audiendi,
something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:
si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
(γ).
Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:
Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
3.
Adverbially with the predicate.
(α).
In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):
eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,
that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:
imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,
to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,
advocare contra,
Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:
si contra mortem te praeparaveris,
to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
(β).
With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:
quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,
Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:
contra hominis salutem,
with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
(γ).
In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;
syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,
Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:
pecuniam contra leges auferre,
id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:
contra legem,
id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:
contra jus fasque,
id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:
contra jus,
Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:
contra jus gentium,
Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;
6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,
Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:
contra testimonium aliquid judicare,
without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:
aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,
contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:
aliquid contra fidem constituere,
Quint. 5, 13, 34:
quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,
contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
4.
Dependent on substt.
a.
Of physical strife:
scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),
Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
b.
Of warfare:
imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,
Cic. Mur. 39, 83:
Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,
Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
c.
Of legal contention:
causa contra scriptum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
d.
Of political speaking:
divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,
Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
e.
Of literary opposition:
Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
f.
Of hostility, etc.:
cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:
ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,
Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
g.
Of injury:
vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,
Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
h.
Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):
iter contra senatus auctoritatem,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:
contra consuetudinem somnium,
Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:
bonorum possessio contra tabulas,
Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
5.
Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.
II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
D.
Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
1.
Against persons.
a.
Dependent on verbs:
cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:
contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,
provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:
contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,
Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
b.
Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:
paratus contra,
Cic. Mil. 21, 56:
nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,
Sall. J. 80, 1:
contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,
Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
2.
Against inanimate and abstract things.
a.
Dependent on verbs:
contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,
Cic. Sen. 15, 51:
propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:
publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,
id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:
contra tantas difficultates providere,
Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,
contra ea,
id. ib. 57, 5:
patricii vi contra vim resistunt,
Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
b.
Dependent on substt.:
suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:
defensio contra vim,
id. Mil. 5, 14:
patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,
id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:
contra labores patientia,
id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
c.
Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;
in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,
against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:
ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:
vir contra audaciam firmissimus,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:
fortis contra dolorem,
Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:
callosus,
Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:
far contra hiemes firmissimum,
id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:
equus tenax contra vincula,
Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:
contraque minantia fata pervigil,
Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
3.
Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
(α).
Dependent on verbs:
cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,
Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:
prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,
id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:
valet potum contra venena,
id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
(β).
Dependent on substt.:
remedium contra morsus,
Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:
contra venena esse omnia remedio,
id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
(γ).
Dependent on adjectives:
vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,
Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
(δ).
Appositively, as a remedy:
cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:
Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
E.
Of logical opposition.
1.
With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
a.
The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.
I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,
but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:
omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,
and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
b.
Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):
omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),
but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;
contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,
Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;
44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,
Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):
an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),
Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
c.
Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):
illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,
whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:
cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),
Cic. Sen. 23, 84:
quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,
id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.
Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,
id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;
v. Ritschl,
Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
2.
With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:
contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,
Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:
Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),
Sall. J. 88, 1; so,
cetera contra spem salva invenit,
Liv. 9, 23, 17:
contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,
id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;
but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),
Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:
postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,
Sall. J. 20, 1:
ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),
id. ib. 46, 5:
contra famam,
Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:
segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,
slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:
frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,
contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
F.
Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
1.
In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:
quos contra disputant,
Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:
quem contra dicit,
id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):
quem contra veneris,
id. Mur. 4, 9:
quas contra, praeter te, etc.,
id. Vatin. 7, 18:
eos ipsos quos contra statuas,
id. Or. 10, 34:
quos contra me senatus armavit,
id. Att. 10, 8, 8:
quam contra multa locutus est,
Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
2.
After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,
Lucr. 4, 471:
dicere eos contra,
id. 4, 484:
donique eum contra,
id. 5, 708:
agmina contra,
Verg. A. 12, 279:
magnum Alciden contra,
id. ib. 5, 414:
Paridem contra,
id. ib. 5, 370:
Italiam contra,
id. ib. 1, 13:
deos contra,
Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:
Messania moenia contra,
id. M. 14, 17:
litora Calabriae contra,
Tac. A. 3, 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra
19 contra dicta

contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
I.
Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
A.
Local.
1.
Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
a.
With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
(α).
Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):
feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:
ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:
signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,
Liv. 1, 18, 8:
stat contra starique jubet,
Juv. 3, 290:
stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!
Mart. 1, 55, 12:
ulmus erat contra,
in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:
templa vides contra,
in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:
contra conserta manu,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
(β).
Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):
contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,
Manil. 2, 253:
posita contra Hispania,
Tac. Agr. 11:
promuntorium quod contra procedit,
Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:
arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,
face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:
jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),
side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
b.
With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
(α).
Referring to persons:
accede ad me atque adi contra,
come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):
adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:
contra adspicere,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:
contra intueri,
Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:
cum veniret contra Marcianus,
Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
(β).
Of things:
hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,
Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:
quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,
Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
2.
Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
(α).
In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:
aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,
at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
(β).
In post-Aug. prose (very rare):
at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
3.
Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
(α).
In gen.:
te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:
quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,
id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:
qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,
make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:
si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:
audi nunc contra jam,
listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:
at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,
you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:
Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,
Liv. 1, 28, 1:
contra ut me diligat illa,
Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:
cui latrans contra senex,
Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:
scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—
Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,
Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:
contra talia reddit,
Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
(β).
With dat. pers.:
consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:
facere contra huic aegre,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:
hiscine contra insidiabere?
id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:
tibi contra gratiam Referre,
id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
(γ).
With item:
item a me contra factum est,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:
puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,
id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
(δ).
Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;
Consonat terra,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:
confer gradum Contra pariter,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:
video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:
vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!
Cat. 62, 6.—
(ε).
Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:
si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,
what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:
si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;
Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,
to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:
agedum pauca accipe contra,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:
Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,
Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:
oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,
Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:
dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?
id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
B.
Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
1.
Of physical exertion.
(α).
Lit.:
concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,
struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:
nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,
bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:
at ille contra nititur,
resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:
pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,
rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
(β).
Trop.:
te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:
et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,
Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
2.
Of mental exertion:
si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,
arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:
siti contra... pugnandum,
Cels. 4, 2 fin. —
3.
Of hostile opposition in gen.
(α).
Lit.:
quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,
who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:
contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,
something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
(β).
Trop.:
aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,
Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
4.
Of warfare.
(α).
Lit.:
ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:
quid quod exercitum contra duxit?
Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:
ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,
if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:
issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,
Liv. 7, 39, 17:
cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,
would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:
et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,
Tac. A. 11, 10.—
(β).
Trop.:
quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,
Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
5.
Of legal contests.
(α).
With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
(β).
Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:
quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?
if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
(γ).
On the part of the adversary:
inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,
Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
(δ).
Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:
ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,
given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
6.
Of literary opposition.
(α).
Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
(β).
With other verbs:
astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,
Lucr. 5, 728:
contra nunc illud pone, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:
habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,
some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
7.
Of public and political opposition.
(α).
With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
(β).
With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:
nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,
no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:
honores contra petere,
Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:
pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,
Tac. A. 14, 45.—
8.
Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:
si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,
and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
9.
With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
a.
Absol.
(α).
Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:
cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,
would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:
hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,
id. Caecin. 33, 97:
dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,
id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:
contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,
Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
(β).
To make charges against (rare):
si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,
Cic. Clu. 48, 134:
qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,
id. Quint. 29, 88; so,
contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,
id. Fl. 21, 51.—
(γ).
In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:
fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,
contra disputare and contra scribere,
id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:
nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,
Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:
ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,
to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
(δ).
To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:
quam palam principes dixerunt contra!
protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:
cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:
filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:
contradicente nullo,
Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
(ε).
To reply:
contradixit edicto,
answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
(ζ).
Abl. absol. impers.:
explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,
whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
b.
With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:
ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:
ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,
id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:
aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,
id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:
ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),
refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:
quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:
seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,
or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:
dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,
the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
c.
With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
(α).
To oppose a person by speaking against his views:
solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,
to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:
tibi,
Suet. Aug. 54:
Curioni...,
id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:
volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,
my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
(β).
To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:
cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,
opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
(γ).
To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:
patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:
cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,
Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
(δ).
With dat. of the petition:
preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,
which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
(ε).
To contest the validity of a law (rare):
quibus (legibus) contradici potest,
Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
(ζ).
To contradict an assertion (very rare):
pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,
Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
d.
With quin, to object:
praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,
there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
C.
To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;
but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,
Quint. 7, 3, 14:
cum verba (legis) contra sint,
id. 7, 1, 49:
sed experimentum contra fuit,
unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:
ubi fortuna contra fuit,
id. ib. 3, 18:
si fortuna contra daret,
should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
D.
Of logical opposition, with negative force.
1.
Of a direct contrast.
a.
Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:
quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,
but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:
in stultitia contra est,
with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:
in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),
id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:
quod contra est,
Sall. J. 85, 21:
quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:
contra fore si, etc.,
ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:
immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),
ib. 41, 3, 49:
ego contra puto (i. e. esse),
Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
b.
With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:
utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,
of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:
id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),
id. Att. 10, 8, 2:
contra evenit in iis morbis,
Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:
ego contra sentio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:
Proculus contra (sc. sentit),
ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:
licet Celsus contra scribat,
ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:
cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,
interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin. —
c.
Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
(α).
To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:
nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;
quod contra, id turpe,
id. Off. 1, 27, 94:
sit sapienter usus aut contra,
Quint. 2, 5, 15:
lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),
Col. 11, 3, 25.—
(β).
To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:
ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,
improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:
quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,
id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
(γ).
To a verbal predicate:
an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),
Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
(δ).
To a subject infinitive:
laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,
praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
(ε).
To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:
quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,
those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;
mihi contra,
id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
(ζ).
To an attributive genitive:
Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),
Sall. J. 88, 2:
verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),
Quint. 2, 4, 21:
alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,
the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;
so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,
Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
2.
Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
a.
With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;
Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,
Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:
quae etiam contra valent,
i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
b.
Belonging to the same predicate:
ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,
Cic. Or. 36, 123:
cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,
Dig. 35, 2, 48:
in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,
Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:
junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,
id. 1, 5, 68:
ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,
but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:
itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,
Cic. Or. 42, 143:
qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,
or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
E.
In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
1.
In independent clauses.
a.
Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:
ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:
ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:
in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,
Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:
contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?
Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;
so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,
Just. 13, 1, 7.—
b.
Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;
contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;
nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,
Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:
justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,
Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:
si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
2.
In opposition to a dependent clause:
ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:
cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,
Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:
cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:
at contra,
Lucr. 2, 392.—
3.
With co-ordinate conjunctions.
a.
Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
(α).
With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:
malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,
id. ib. 2, 7, 23:
cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,
Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:
itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:
nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,
Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
(β).
With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:
audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:
ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,
id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
(γ).
With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:
atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!
Cic. Balb. 22, 51:
domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,
Dig. 13, 7, 21:
equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,
Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
(δ).
After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:
in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,
Cic. Sull. 7, 21:
nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,
id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,
et contra,
Suet. Tit. 7.—
b.
With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
(α).
At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;
At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,
Lucr. 2, 400:
cogunt,
id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;
at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:
ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
(β).
Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):
non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:
arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,
Liv. 45, 18, 1:
tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,
Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:
obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,
Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
(γ).
Contra autem (rare;
in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,
Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:
sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,
Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
(δ).
Contra vero (very rare;
not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,
Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin. —
(ε).
Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
c.
With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
(α).
Aut contra:
num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?
Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:
si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,
Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
(β).
Vel contra:
hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?
Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
(γ).
Seu contra:
seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,
Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
d.
With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;
never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,
Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
4.
In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
(α).
In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):
aliis vero econtra videtur,
Hier. Ep. 12.—
(β).
Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):
honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
5.
With emphatic particles.
a.
Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);
not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,
Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
b.
Immo contra (post-Aug.).
(α).
= no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:
existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,
Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
(β).
= sed contra, but on the contrary:
proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:
immo contra ea,
Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
c.
Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):
quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
F.
With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
1.
Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
(α).
With atque:
item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:
simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:
judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,
Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
(β).
With ac:
itaque contra est ac dicitis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:
vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:
cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,
id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:
Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,
Sall. C. 60, 5.—
(γ).
With ac and atque:
si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,
Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
(δ).
With quam (post-Aug.):
cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,
Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:
contra quam licet,
id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
2.
Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:
mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,
contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:
ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,
contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:
contra quam ista causa postulasset,
id. Caecin. 24, 67:
contra quam sanctum legibus est,
Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:
contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,
Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
II.
Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
A.
Local uses.
1.
Opposite, over against, facing.
a.
Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;
adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:
ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,
id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:
Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,
Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:
Carthago Italiam contra,
Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:
insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,
Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
b.
Of the heavenly bodies:
donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,
Lucr. 5, 708:
contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,
Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:
cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:
contra mediam faciem meridies erit,
id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
c.
Of opposite ends of a line.
(α).
Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
(β).
Of a line drawn:
contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,
opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
d.
Of buildings, etc.:
contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,
Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:
(statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,
Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:
contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
e.
Of places on the human body:
id quod contra stomachum est,
Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;
4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,
Cels. 4, 1 fin. —
2.
Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:
adversus, ad, e regione,
Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
a.
In gen.:
quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,
Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:
et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?
Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:
rex constiterat contra pedites,
Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:
ne contra septentrionem paveris,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:
contra solem varie refulgens,
placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;
37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,
id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
b.
Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):
(Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,
towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:
lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,
Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
c.
Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
d.
Against an opposing action, etc.:
contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,
Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:
cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,
Vitr. 1, 6, 8:
ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,
Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:
contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,
id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:
capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,
id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:
contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,
Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:
contra stimulum calces,
kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
e.
Of local actions with hostile intent.
(α).
Lit.:
quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?
Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:
Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),
id. Att. 15, 20, 3:
pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,
to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:
a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,
id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:
Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,
Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:
terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,
i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
(β).
Trop.:
castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:
tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,
will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:
cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
(Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,
when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
f.
In partic.
(α).
Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:
quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,
Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:
contra populi studium,
Cic. Brut. 34, 126:
contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,
id. ib. 79, 273; so,
a mendacio contra veritatem,
id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:
contra cives in acie,
id. Att. 16, 11, 2:
et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,
opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:
haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,
Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin. —
(β).
Contra aliquem ire:
aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,
Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:
uti contra injurias armati eatis,
Sall. J. 31, 6:
interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,
Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
3.
Transf.,
a.
To persons placed together for comparison:
C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,
Quint. 10, 1, 114:
CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,
Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
b.
To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
(α).
Lit. (very rare):
quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
(β).
Prop.:
cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,
Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:
qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,
Sen. Ep. 9, 9:
numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,
Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:
tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,
id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:
nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,
as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:
(illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,
Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:
contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?
Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,
robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,
id. ib. 13, 2;
so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,
Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
c.
Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):
numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,
superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):
oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,
Petr. 7, 6.—
d.
Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:
contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 29:
contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,
Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:
quae contra breviter fata est vates,
Verg. A. 6, 398:
contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,
Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
B.
Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
1.
With verbs of hostile action.
a.
Of physical exertion:
pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,
Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:
proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,
id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
b.
Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.
bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),
Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:
contra Antonium,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,
contra patriam,
id. Sull. 20, 58:
pugnare contra patriam,
id. ib. 25, 70:
contra conjuges et liberos,
Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:
armatum esse contra populum Romanum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:
armis contendere contra,
Caes. B. G. 2, 13:
arma alicui dare (trop.),
Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:
aciem instruere (trop.),
Liv. 25, 4, 4:
exercitum comparare,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:
exercitum instruere,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:
exercitum ducere and adducere,
id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:
exercitum contra Philippum mittere,
id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
naves ducere contra,
Hor. Epod. 4, 19:
ducere contra hostes,
Liv. 1, 27, 4:
florem Italiae educere contra,
Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:
proficisci contra,
to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:
auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,
Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:
juvare aliquem contra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 35:
consilium inire contra Sequanos,
to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
c.
Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
(α).
In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:
cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,
Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:
(causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,
Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:
rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,
Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:
esse contra,
id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;
at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,
Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:
causam defendere contra,
against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:
statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),
to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:
actio competit contra,
Dig. 49, 14, 41:
querelam instituere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:
bonorum possessionem petere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 23:
jus obtinere contra,
Cic. Quint. 9, 34:
pugnare contra,
to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:
id quod mihi contra illos datum est,
i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:
judicare contra aliquem,
id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:
pronuntiare contra,
Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:
decernere contra,
Cic. Fl. 31, 76:
appellare contra aliquem,
Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:
contra sententiam,
Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:
cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,
Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
(β).
Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:
quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:
contra rem suam me venisse questus est,
Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
(γ).
With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:
ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:
cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,
id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,
causam dicere,
id. Or. 2, 23, 98:
causam perorare,
id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:
quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,
id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:
si Gaditani contra me dicerent,
if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:
si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:
testimonium in aliquem dicere,
id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):
contra juris consultos dicere,
against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:
contra testes dicendum est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:
cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,
Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:
tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?
Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
d.
Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:
cum scriberem contra Epicurios,
Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,
id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:
contra Brutum,
id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:
contra Academiam,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:
contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,
id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
e.
Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
(α).
In gen.:
sentire contra,
Cic. Mil. 2, 5:
pugnare contra bonos,
id. Sull. 25, 71:
contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,
Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:
(tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,
Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
(β).
Of political speaking:
cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,
Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
f.
Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:
adversus, in): inire consilia contra,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:
manum comparare contra aliquem,
id. Sull. 24, 68:
conjurationem facere,
id. ib. 4, 12:
congredi,
id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:
aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,
Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:
nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,
against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:
eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,
operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:
homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?
Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:
epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:
disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,
to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
2.
Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:
licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,
injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:
res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,
id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:
nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,
Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:
quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,
id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
3.
Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:
Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?
or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:
sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,
id. Att. 7, 5, 5:
judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,
id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:
cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:
fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,
in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
4.
Dependent on adjectives (rare):
contra se ipse misericors,
to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:
severissimus judex contra fures,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
5.
With nouns.
a.
Acc. to 1. b.:
ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
b.
Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
(α).
Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:
quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:
Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,
Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,
haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:
orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,
id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
(β).
Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:
unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,
Cic. Brut. 26, 99:
(Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,
id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
c.
Acc. to 1. f.:
contra patres concitatio et seditio,
Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:
contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,
Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
C.
With inanimate and abstract objects.
1.
Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
a.
Of physical or moral exertion:
cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,
Verg. A. 10, 567:
pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,
Cic. Sen. 11, 35:
contra verum niti,
Sall. J. 35, 8:
contra fortunam luctari,
Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
b.
Of warfare (lit. and trop.):
bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:
artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,
Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
c.
Of legal contention.
(α).
Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:
contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),
Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:
contra ratiocinationem,
id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:
contra caput dicere,
to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:
servum in caput domini interrogare,
Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:
contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
(β).
Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:
contra tabulas judicare,
Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:
contra testamentum,
Dig. 2, 17, § 1:
contra sententiam dicere,
ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
(γ).
Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:
inmittere in bona),
Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
d.
Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
(α).
To contend that something is false:
dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:
in sententiam dicere,
in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):
contra sensus dicere,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:
contra rhetoricen dicere,
Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
(β).
Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:
contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,
Vitr. 7, praef. 8:
contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
(γ).
Ethically:
contra voluptatem dicere,
that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:
contra mortem loqui,
that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;
in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,
id. ib. 100, 10:
contra fortunam gloriari,
that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
e.
Of public and political acts and speeches:
contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,
Cic. Brut. 44, 164:
contra legem dicere or verba facere,
id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:
rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),
Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
f.
Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
(α).
In gen.:
senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,
directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:
contra rem publicam se commovere,
id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:
incitari,
id. Sest. 47, 100:
consilia inire,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:
conjurationem facere,
Sall. C. 30, 6:
contra salutem urbis incitari,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:
cogitare aliquid contra salutem,
id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:
esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,
id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:
ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,
do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:
quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),
Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
(β).
In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:
si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,
Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,
contra salutem rei publicae facere,
Cic. Dom. 38, 102:
contra majestatem,
against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:
contra leges,
Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:
contra edictum (praetoris),
Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:
contra foedus,
Cic. Balb. 6, 16:
contra jusjurandum ac fidem,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:
tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?
Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):
corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,
Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
2.
Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
(α).
With esse expressed as the predicate:
hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,
Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:
contra leges or legem est,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:
contra officium est,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:
adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,
unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
(β).
With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:
scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:
aliquid contra animum audiendi,
something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:
si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
(γ).
Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:
Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
3.
Adverbially with the predicate.
(α).
In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):
eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,
that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:
imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,
to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,
advocare contra,
Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:
si contra mortem te praeparaveris,
to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
(β).
With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:
quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,
Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:
contra hominis salutem,
with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
(γ).
In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;
syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,
Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:
pecuniam contra leges auferre,
id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:
contra legem,
id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:
contra jus fasque,
id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:
contra jus,
Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:
contra jus gentium,
Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;
6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,
Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:
contra testimonium aliquid judicare,
without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:
aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,
contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:
aliquid contra fidem constituere,
Quint. 5, 13, 34:
quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,
contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
4.
Dependent on substt.
a.
Of physical strife:
scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),
Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
b.
Of warfare:
imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,
Cic. Mur. 39, 83:
Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,
Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
c.
Of legal contention:
causa contra scriptum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
d.
Of political speaking:
divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,
Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
e.
Of literary opposition:
Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
f.
Of hostility, etc.:
cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:
ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,
Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
g.
Of injury:
vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,
Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
h.
Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):
iter contra senatus auctoritatem,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:
contra consuetudinem somnium,
Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:
bonorum possessio contra tabulas,
Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
5.
Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.
II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
D.
Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
1.
Against persons.
a.
Dependent on verbs:
cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:
contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,
provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:
contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,
Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
b.
Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:
paratus contra,
Cic. Mil. 21, 56:
nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,
Sall. J. 80, 1:
contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,
Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
2.
Against inanimate and abstract things.
a.
Dependent on verbs:
contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,
Cic. Sen. 15, 51:
propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:
publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,
id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:
contra tantas difficultates providere,
Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,
contra ea,
id. ib. 57, 5:
patricii vi contra vim resistunt,
Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
b.
Dependent on substt.:
suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:
defensio contra vim,
id. Mil. 5, 14:
patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,
id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:
contra labores patientia,
id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
c.
Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;
in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,
against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:
ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:
vir contra audaciam firmissimus,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:
fortis contra dolorem,
Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:
callosus,
Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:
far contra hiemes firmissimum,
id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:
equus tenax contra vincula,
Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:
contraque minantia fata pervigil,
Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
3.
Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
(α).
Dependent on verbs:
cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,
Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:
prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,
id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:
valet potum contra venena,
id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
(β).
Dependent on substt.:
remedium contra morsus,
Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:
contra venena esse omnia remedio,
id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
(γ).
Dependent on adjectives:
vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,
Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
(δ).
Appositively, as a remedy:
cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:
Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
E.
Of logical opposition.
1.
With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
a.
The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.
I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,
but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:
omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,
and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
b.
Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):
omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),
but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;
contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,
Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;
44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,
Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):
an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),
Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
c.
Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):
illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,
whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:
cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),
Cic. Sen. 23, 84:
quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,
id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.
Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,
id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;
v. Ritschl,
Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
2.
With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:
contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,
Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:
Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),
Sall. J. 88, 1; so,
cetera contra spem salva invenit,
Liv. 9, 23, 17:
contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,
id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;
but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),
Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:
postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,
Sall. J. 20, 1:
ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),
id. ib. 46, 5:
contra famam,
Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:
segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,
slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:
frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,
contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
F.
Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
1.
In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:
quos contra disputant,
Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:
quem contra dicit,
id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):
quem contra veneris,
id. Mur. 4, 9:
quas contra, praeter te, etc.,
id. Vatin. 7, 18:
eos ipsos quos contra statuas,
id. Or. 10, 34:
quos contra me senatus armavit,
id. Att. 10, 8, 8:
quam contra multa locutus est,
Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
2.
After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,
Lucr. 4, 471:
dicere eos contra,
id. 4, 484:
donique eum contra,
id. 5, 708:
agmina contra,
Verg. A. 12, 279:
magnum Alciden contra,
id. ib. 5, 414:
Paridem contra,
id. ib. 5, 370:
Italiam contra,
id. ib. 1, 13:
deos contra,
Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:
Messania moenia contra,
id. M. 14, 17:
litora Calabriae contra,
Tac. A. 3, 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra dicta
20 cura

cūra, ae f.

1) забота, попечение, старание, усилие

c. publica L — забота об общественном благе

magna cum cura C — с большой тщательностью (заботливостью)

c. legum Q — тщательное соблюдение (исполнение) законов

c. verborum Q — тщательный выбор слов

c. rerum alienarum C — попечение о чужих делах (участие к чужим интересам)

c. colendi V — заботливый уход

agere curam alicujus (rei) или de (pro) aliquo (de aliquā re) L, Sen, PM etc. — заботиться о ком-л. (о чём-л.)

dimittere omnem curam alicujus (rei) Su — оставить всякую заботу о ком-л. (о чём-л.)

est mihi c. alicujus (rei) L, Sl, O etc. или est mihi aliquis (aliquid) curae или est mihi curae de aliquo (de aliquā re) C, Cs, Ctl etc. — кто-л. (что-л.) составляет предмет моей заботы

curae habere aliquid (aliquem) или habere curam de (in) aliquo (aliquā re) Vtr, Sl, Nep etc. — заботиться о ком-л. (о чём-л.)

intendere curam alicujus QC — пробудить чьё-л. внимание (заставить кого-л. насторожиться)

intendere curam in aliquid QC, L, T — направить внимание на что-л.

ponere curam in aliquā re C — позаботиться о чём-л., посвятить внимание чему-л., но

ponere curam alicujus rei L — отложить заботу о чём-л.

2) любознательность, пытливость (c. ingenii humani L)

3) исследование (c. et meditatio T)

4) труд, работа, сочинение

ii, quorum in manūs c. nostra venerit T — те, в руки которых попадёт наш труд

condere victuras per saecula curas M — создать сочинения, которые переживут века

5) разведение (lentis, boum V)

6) уход (c. corporis O; capillorum Su)

7) лечение (saucios sustentare curā T; c. morbi Just)

c. doloris C — утешение в скорби

c. lacrimis (dat.) Prp — успокоение от слёз

8) почитание (c. deorum L, J)

9)

а) надзор (alicujus O; aliquem in curā habere L)

ipsa c. furem vocat погов. O — самая охрана привлекает вора

б) перен. надзиратель, надсмотрщик, страж (c. fidelis O)

10) питомец, любимец (c. deorum V = Anchises)

11) заведование, управление (rerum publicarum Sl; viarum Su); руководство ( belli VP)

12) опека, опекунство ( curam gerere Dig)

13) беспокойство, тревога, хлопоты, дела

curam de aliquo agere O — беспокоиться за кого-л.

vitare curam domesticorum CC — избавиться от домашних хлопот

14) любовь, страсть

vetus illi c. erat... T — его давнишней страстью было...

c. tua O, Prp — любовь к тебе

15) возлюбленная

tua c. V — предмет твоей страсти

Латинско-русский словарь > cura

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

porter — Porter, Portare, Ferre, Gerere, Supportare, Deferre, Gestare, Ingerere, et en fait de deviser armoiries, Il signifie avoir le blason ainsi ou ainsi composé, comme, Il porte de gueules à un lion passant d argent, c est à dire, Il a son blason, ou… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
plaisir — en François se prend pour un bien fait, pour une chose fort agreable, et pour recreation, joyeuseté ou passetemps. Plaisir mondain et charnel, Voluptas. Mon plaisir ou soulas, Meum suauium, Quid agitur? Mea voluptas. A mon plaisir, Ex sententia,… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
soing — Soing, Cura, Accuratio, Diligentia, Negotium. Soing et diligence de faire quelque chose, Attentio, Intentio. Soing et grande diligence, Sedulitas. Soing trop affeté, Sedulitas arguta. Le soing qu on a tous les jours, Cura quotidiana, vel insidens … Thresor de la langue françoyse
Cardinal — • A dignitary of the Roman Church and counsellor of the pope Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Cardinal Cardinal † … Catholic encyclopedia
INFANS — I. INFANS a non fando dictus est, teste Nonio: sicut Graec. νήπιος, a νὴ et ἔπω. Hic sive die sive noctu in lucem prodit, natalis dicitur dies, ut ex Varrone fuse explicat A. Gell. l. 3. c. 2. et quidem verae nativitatis terminus, nonus est… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
MINGENS ad parictem — phasis usitata in Sacris, ubi, cum de domo aliqua ad internecionem delenda vel deleta, sermo est, legitur neminem esse relinquendum aut relictum, qui mingat ad parietem; puta in domo Nabalis, 1. Sam. c. 25. v. 22. Ieroboami, 1. Regum c. 14. v. 10 … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
PLEBEJI — I. PLEBEJI Ludi momorati A. Gellio l. 2. c. 24. Post idl Senatusconsultum lex Fannia lata est, quae ludis Romanis, item ludis Plebeiis et Saturnalibus et aliis quibusdam diebus in singulos dies centenos aeris insumi concessit: narrante Asconiô… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
VIGILUM Praefectus — ab Augusto institutus est, testibus Suetoniô, c. 30. Dione, l. 55. aliis. Cum enim septem cohortes opportunis constituisset locis, ut binas regiones Urbis unaquaeque tueretur, praeposuit eis Tribunos et super omnes Spectabilem Virum, qui… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
haine — Haine, Odium. Particuliere haine, Priuatum odium. Haine notoire et apparente, Insigne odium. Une haine cachée et fort grande qu on retient en son coeur, Intestinum odium. Une haine cachée et dissimulée, Compressum atque tacitum odium, Occlusum… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
passer — Passer, neutr. acut. Est aller d un lieu à autre, sans faire arrest, Transgredi. Liu. lib. 3. Cic. lib. 1. de diuinat. comme, Il ne fait que passer, c. Il ne sejourne et n arreste point, et va outre, Praetergreditur. Passer aussi en fait d ambles … Thresor de la langue françoyse
plaider — Plaider, Dicere, vel dictare causam, Sequi lites, Causam agere. Plaider, Avoir procez, Litigare, Causas actitare, Disceptare, Causam agere, Ambigere, Iudicio contendere. B. Plaider asseuréement, Causam animo praesenti agere. Attendre que l on… … Thresor de la langue françoyse

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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se gerere in aliquā re Q

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с латинского на все языки

se gerere in aliquā re Q

См. также в других словарях:

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